Isaías 50

ARC · Chapter 50/66

1Assim diz o Senhor: Que libello de divorcio é este de vossa mãe, pelo qual eu a repudiei? ou quem é o meu crédor, a quem eu vos tenha vendido? eis que por vossas maldades fostes vendidos, e por vossas prevaricações vossa mãe foi repudiada.

2Por que razão vim eu, e ninguem appareceu? chamei, e ninguem respondeu? porventura tanto se encolheu a minha mão, que já não possa remir? ou não ha mais força em mim para livrar? eis que com a minha reprehensão faço seccar o mar, torno os rios em deserto, até que cheirem mal os seus peixes, porquanto não teem agua e morrem de sêde.

3Eu visto os céus de negridão, e pôr-lhes-hei um sacco para a sua cobertura.

4O Senhor Jehovah me deu uma lingua erudita, para que saiba fallar a seu tempo uma boa palavra com o cançado: desperta-me todas as manhãs, desperta-me o ouvido para que ouça, como aquelles que aprendem.

5O Senhor Jehovah me abriu os ouvidos, e eu não sou rebelde: não me retiro para traz.

6As minhas costas dou aos que me ferem, e as minhas faces aos que me arrancam os cabellos: não escondo a minha face de opprobrios e de escarros.

7Porque o Senhor Jehovah me ajuda, pelo que me não confundo: por isso puz o meu rosto como um seixo, porque sei que não serei confundido.

8Perto está o que me justifica; quem contenderá comigo? compareçamos juntamente: quem tem alguma causa contra mim? chegue-se para mim.

9Eis que o Senhor Jehovah me ajuda; quem ha que me condemne? eis que todos elles como vestidos se envelhecerão, e a traça os comerá.

10Quem ha entre vós que tema a Jehovah, e ouça a voz do seu servo? quando andar em trevas, e não tiver luz nenhuma, confie no nome do Senhor, e firme-se sobre o seu Deus.

11Eis que todos vós, que accendeis fogo, e vos cingis com faiscas, andae entre as labaredas do vosso fogo, e entre as faiscas que accendestes: isto vos vem da minha mão, e em tormentos jazereis.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

God rhetorically asks whether he abandoned his people for any valid reason, making clear the fault was theirs. The third Servant Song shows someone who voluntarily endures physical humiliation, yet trusts completely that God will help him and he will not be put to shame.

Explanation

The question "where is the bill of your mother's divorcement...?" uses the legal language of Israelite family law to challenge the idea that God had abandoned Israel without cause — the implied answer is that the people themselves had drifted away because of their sins. The third Servant Song describes someone who gives his back "to the smiters" and his cheeks "to them that plucked off the hair," not hiding his face "from shame and spitting" — a description of voluntary suffering and resilience that the New Testament directly links to the passion of Jesus. The Servant's confidence, "the Lord GOD will help me; therefore shall I not be confounded," models a faith that endures even amid unjust mistreatment. The practical application today is that suffering unjustly for doing what is right, while holding on to trust in God, is a pattern of integrity that runs through the whole of Scripture.

Fun facts

  • The description of someone who offers "his back to the smiters" and "his cheeks to them that plucked off the hair" is interpreted by Christian tradition as a detailed prophecy of Jesus's physical suffering before the crucifixion.
  • The concept of a "bill of divorcement" (v.1) refers to an actual legal document required by the Mosaic Law (Deuteronomy 24:1) to formalize a separation, used here metaphorically for the relationship between God and his people.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Isaías 50:1The question about the bill of divorcement rhetorically asks whether God formally rejected the people, the way a husband does in divorcing a wife. The implied answer is no: it was the people’s own wrongdoings that caused the separation.
  2. Isaías 50:2The question “was there no man” challenges the people’s lack of response when God called, and the list of powers — drying up the sea, turning a river into a wilderness — reinforces that the distance isn’t due to any lack of strength on God’s part.
  3. Isaías 50:3Clothing the heavens in blackness and covering them with sackcloth, the fabric used for mourning, is an image of an eclipse or storm described as a gesture of cosmic mourning, reinforcing the universal reach of the power mentioned in the previous verse.
  4. Isaías 50:4“The tongue of the learned” describes the ability to speak the right word at the right time to someone who is weary, and “wakeneth morning by morning” suggests a daily habit of listening before any word is spoken.
  5. Isaías 50:5“Opened mine ear” and “was not rebellious” describe active obedience: this voice of the Servant presents itself as someone who listens and responds without resisting, unlike the rebellious people criticized in earlier chapters.
  6. Isaías 50:6The back given to those who strike and the face to those who pluck out the hair appear in the third Servant Song, now with details of physical suffering and public humiliation. Again, Jewish and Christian readers associate this figure with different references, without the text declaring who it is.
  7. Isaías 50:7“My face like a flint” is an image of unshakable determination, someone resolved to press on despite opposition, trusting in God’s help so as not to be humiliated in the end.
  8. Isaías 50:8The courtroom language, “who will contend with me,” “let us stand together,” describes the Servant daring any accuser to come forward formally, confident that he will be justified.
  9. Isaías 50:9Comparing the accusers to a garment slowly destroyed by the moth describes the idea that any opposition, however threatening it seems now, will wear out and disappear over time.
  10. Isaías 50:10The question about who fears the Lord and listens to the Servant extends the invitation to the reader: even walking in darkness with no light at all, the advice is to trust in the name of the Lord rather than give up.
  11. Isaías 50:11Girding oneself with sparks is a warning against trusting in solutions of one’s own making, like someone lighting their own fire instead of waiting for God’s light. The warning is that this kind of homemade light ends up leading to torment, not safety.

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