Jó 21

ARC · Chapter 21/42

1Respondeu porém Job, e disse:

2Ouvi attentamente as minhas razões; e isto vos sirva de consolações.

3Soffrei-me, e eu fallarei: e, havendo eu fallado, zombae.

4Porventura eu me queixo a algum homem? porém, ainda que assim fosse, porque se não angustiaria o meu espirito?

5Olhae para mim, e pasmae: e ponde a mão sobre a bocca.

6Porque, quando me lembro d'isto, me perturbo, e a minha carne é sobresaltada d'horror.

7Por que razão vivem os impios? envelhecem, e ainda se esforçam em poder?

8A sua semente se estabelece com elles perante a sua face; e os seus renovos perante os seus olhos.

9As suas casas teem paz, sem temor; e a vara de Deus não está sobre elles.

10O seu touro gera, e não falha: pare a sua vacca, e não aborta.

11Mandam fóra as suas creanças, como a um rebanho, e seus filhos andam saltando.

12Levantam a voz, ao som do tamboril e da harpa, e alegram-se ao som dos orgãos.

13Na prosperidade gastam os seus dias, e n'um momento descem á sepultura.

14E, todavia, dizem a Deus: Retirate de nós; porque não desejamos ter conhecimento dos teus caminhos.

15Quem é o Todo-poderoso, para que nós o sirvamos? e que nos aproveitará que lhe façamos orações?

16Vêde porém que o seu bem não está na mão d'elles: esteja longe de mim o conselho dos impios!

17Quantas vezes succede que se apaga a candeia dos impios, e lhes sobrevem a sua destruição? e Deus na sua ira lhes reparte dôres!

18Porque são como a palha diante do vento, e como a pragana, que arrebata o redemoinho.

19Deus guarda a sua violencia para seus filhos, e lhe dá o pago, que o sente.

20Seus olhos vêem a sua ruina, e elle bebe do furor do Todo-poderoso.

21Porque, que prazer teria na sua casa, depois de si, cortando-se-lhe o numero dos seus mezes?

22Porventura a Deus se ensinaria sciencia, a elle que julga os excelsos?

23Este morre na força da sua plenitude, estando todo quieto e socegado.

24Os seus baldes estão cheios de leite, e os seus ossos estão regados de tutanos.

25E outro morre, ao contrario, na amargura do seu coração, não havendo comido do bem.

26Juntamente jazem no pó, e os bichos os cobrem.

27Eis que conheço bem os vossos pensamentos: e os maus intentos com que injustamente me fazeis violencia.

28Porque direis: Onde está a casa do principe? e onde a tenda das moradas dos impios?

29Porventura o não perguntastes aos que passam pelo caminho? e não conheceis os seus signaes?

30Que o mau é preservado para o dia da destruição; e são levados no dia do furor.

31Quem accusará diante d'elle o seu caminho? e quem lhe dará o pago do que faz?

32Finalmente é levado ás sepulturas, e vigia no montão.

33Os torrões do valle lhe são doces, e attrahe a si a todo o homem; e diante de si ha innumeraveis.

34Como pois me consolaes com vaidade? pois nas vossas respostas ainda resta a transgressão.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Job directly challenges his friends' thesis, observing that, in reality, many wicked people live long, prosperous lives, with successful children and peaceful deaths. He argues that real-world experience does not confirm the simple formula of retribution they defend.

Explanation

This is one of Job's most strongly argued speeches, using empirical observation of reality — many wicked people do in fact prosper and die in peace — to directly challenge the simplistic theology of automatic retribution presented by his friends. Job is not denying God's justice, but exposing that this justice does not operate mechanically or in a way that is immediately visible in this life, an honest acknowledgment that anticipates similar reflections found in Psalm 73 and Ecclesiastes. Application for today: God's justice may not be visible immediately or mechanically in this life, which calls for a faith that goes beyond simple formulas of cause and effect.

Fun facts

  • Job's observation that the wicked often "become old, yea, are mighty in power" (verse 7) is one of the first direct and explicit biblical challenges to simplistic retribution theology, paving the way for similar reflections in Psalm 73:2-14.
  • The mention of specific musical instruments — the timbrel, harp, and organ (verse 12) — used to describe the celebrations of the prosperous wicked, reflects detailed knowledge of the festive musical culture of the ancient Near East.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Jó 21:1“But Job answered and said” opens the reply to Zophar’s second speech.
  2. Jó 21:2Job asks them to listen carefully — the mere act of truly being heard would already be, for him, the comfort he is looking for.
  3. Jó 21:3Job asks for patience to finish speaking, accepting that they will mock him afterward anyway.
  4. Jó 21:4Job clarifies that his complaint is not against any man, it is against God — that is why his anguish is justified, not a personal fight with the friends.
  5. Jó 21:5He asks them to look at him and be truly astonished, hand over mouth — he wants genuine shock, not a hasty verdict.
  6. Jó 21:6Job himself is disturbed remembering what he is about to say — even to him, the observation he is about to make is unsettling.
  7. Jó 21:7Job turns the friends’ argument upside down, asking why the wicked live well: he lists evil people who grow old peacefully and have healthy children, the opposite of what Bildad and Zophar just described.
  8. Jó 21:8Job begins to refute Zophar head-on: contrary to what was said, the children of the wicked prosper right before their own eyes.
  9. Jó 21:9The houses of the wicked live secure, without fear, without “the rod of God” over them — the exact opposite of the terrible fate Zophar described in chapter 20.
  10. Jó 21:10Even their livestock thrives without failure — Job extends the list of things that go well for the wicked, contradicting the friends’ theory.
  11. Jó 21:11Their children play freely like a flock, leaping with joy — an image of full, carefree childhood.
  12. Jó 21:12They sing to the sound of tambourine, harp, and organ — the life of the wicked, according to Job, is full of celebration, not punishment.
  13. Jó 21:13Job’s strongest point: they live in prosperity and die in peace, going down to the grave without suffering — nothing like the sudden fall Zophar promised.
  14. Jó 21:14Even prosperous, these wicked people say to God, “Depart from us” — they want nothing to do with the divine ways, and still they prosper.
  15. Jó 21:15They ask what advantage there would be in serving or praying to the Almighty — pure arrogance, which Job uses as proof that prosperity does not depend on piety.
  16. Jó 21:16Job makes a point of saying he does not share the thinking of these wicked people — he is only describing an observable fact, not endorsing their attitude.
  17. Jó 21:17Job asks, in a challenging tone: how often, really, does “the candle of the wicked” go out? The implied answer is: far less often than the friends claim.
  18. Jó 21:18The image of straw carried by the wind is the same one the friends usually use for the wicked — Job repeats it ironically, questioning whether it really matches reality.
  19. Jó 21:19Job anticipates a common argument from the friends — that punishment falls on the wicked man’s children — and responds: then let it fall on the wicked man himself, so that he feels it.
  20. Jó 21:20Job insists that real justice would require the guilty man himself, not just his descendants, to see his own ruin and drink of God’s wrath.
  21. Jó 21:21Job argues that the dead do not care what happens to their own house after they are gone — punishing the children is not real punishment for someone already dead.
  22. Jó 21:22Job pauses almost sarcastically: who would teach God knowledge, He who judges even the highest? Even while questioning his friends’ logic, he acknowledges the limits of what any human can know about God’s ways.
  23. Jó 21:23Job observes that some die in the fullness of strength and others in bitterness, with no relation to merit — death, for him, makes everyone equal, echoing the image from chapter 3.
  24. Jó 21:24Continuing the description of a peaceful death from the previous verse: pails full of milk, bones well nourished — the image of a healthy body right up to the end.
  25. Jó 21:25By contrast, another man dies embittered, never having tasted anything good — Job shows there is no reliable correspondence between merit and fate.
  26. Jó 21:26Both the prosperous man and the embittered one end up equal in the dust, covered by the same worms — death levels everything, repeating the image already seen in chapter 3.
  27. Jó 21:27Job accuses his friends of having bad intentions against him, saying he knows their thoughts well.
  28. Jó 21:28He anticipates their objection: “Where is the house of the prince?” — expecting them to cite examples of wicked men who fell, as a counterargument.
  29. Jó 21:29Job answers by appealing to common experience: ask anyone who travels the world, they confirm what Job is saying about the prosperous wicked.
  30. Jó 21:30The testimony of these travelers, according to Job, is that the evil man is spared on the day of destruction, not punished as the friends insist.
  31. Jó 21:31Job notes that no one confronts the powerful wicked man to his face or holds him to account — many spend their entire lives without ever answering for what they did.
  32. Jó 21:32Even in death, the wicked man receives a careful funeral, with a watch kept over his own tomb — none of the shame and forgetting Bildad promised in chapter 18.
  33. Jó 21:33The final image of a sweet, well-attended burial, with crowds following along, is Job’s definitive answer: real experience contradicts the friends’ simple theory.
  34. Jó 21:34The final accusation, that the friends comfort him with falsehood, closes the speech: their theory, that the wicked always suffer, simply does not match what anyone can observe in the world.

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