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Gênesis 25

ARC · Chapter 25/50

1E Abrahão tomou outra mulher; e o seu nome era Ketura;

2E pariu-lhe Zimran, e Joksan, e Medan, e Midian, e Jisbac, e Shuah.

3E Joksan gerou Seba e Dedan: e os filhos de Dedan foram Assurim, e Letusim e Leummim.

4E os filhos de Midian foram Epha, e Epher, e Henoch, e Abidah, e Eldah: estes todos foram filhos de Ketura.

5Porém Abrahão deu tudo o que tinha a Isaac;

6Mas aos filhos das concubinas que Abrahão tinha, deu Abrahão presentes, e, vivendo elle ainda, despediu-os do seu filho Isaac, ao oriente, para a terra oriental.

7Estes pois são os dias dos annos da vida de Abrahão, que viveu cento e setenta e cinco annos.

8E Abrahão expirou e morreu em boa velhice, velho e farto de dias: e foi congregado ao seu povo;

9E sepultaram-o Isaac e Ishmael, seus filhos, na cova de Machpelah, no campo d'Ephron, filho de Zohar hetheo, que estava em frente de Mamre,

10O campo que Abrahão comprara aos filhos de Heth. Ali está sepultado Abrahão, e Sarah sua mulher.

11E aconteceu depois da morte de Abrahão, que Deus abençoou a Isaac seu filho; e habitava Isaac junto ao poço Lahai-roi.

12Estas porém são as gerações de Ishmael filho de Abrahão, que a serva de Sarah, Hagar Egypcia, pariu a Abrahão.

13E estes são os nomes dos filhos de Ishmael pelos seus nomes, segundo as suas gerações: o primogenito de Ishmael era Nebajoth, depois Kedar, e Abdeel, e Mibsam,

14E Misma, e Duma, e Massa,

15Hadar, e Tema, Jetur, Nafis, e Kedma.

16Estes são os filhos de Ishmael, e estes são os seus nomes pelas suas villas e pelos seus castellos: doze principes segundo as suas familias.

17E estes são os annos da vida de Ishmael, cento e trinta e sete annos; e elle expirou, e morreu, e foi congregado ao seu povo.

18E habitaram desde Havila até Sur, que está em frente do Egypto, indo para Assur; e fez o seu assento diante da face de todos os seus irmãos.

19E estas são as gerações de Isaac, filho de Abrahão: Abrahão gerou a Isaac:

20E era Isaac da edade de quarenta annos, quando tomou a Rebecca, filha de Bethuel arameo de Paddan-aram, irmã de Labão arameo, por sua mulher.

21E Isaac orou instantemente ao Senhor por sua mulher, porquanto era esteril; e o Senhor ouviu as suas orações, e Rebecca sua mulher concebeu.

22E os filhos luctavam dentro d'ella; então disse: Se assim é, porque sou eu assim? E foi-se a perguntar ao Senhor.

23E o Senhor lhe disse: Duas nações ha no teu ventre, e dois povos se dividirão das tuas entranhas, e um povo-*será mais forte do que o outro povo, e o maior servirá ao menor.

24E cumprindo-se os seus dias para parir, eis gemeos no seu ventre.

25E saiu o primeiro ruivo e todo como um vestido cabelludo; por isso chamaram o seu nome Esaú.

26E depois saiu o seu irmão, agarrada sua mão ao calcanhar de Esaú; por isso se chamou o seu nome Jacob. E era Isaac da edade de sessenta annos quando os gerou.

27E cresceram os meninos, e Esaú foi varão perito na caça, varão do campo; mas Jacob era varão simples, habitando em tendas.

28E amava Isaac a Esaú, porque a caça era de seu gosto, mas Rebecca amava a Jacob.

29E Jacob cozera um guisado; e veiu Esaú do campo, e estava elle cançado:

30E disse Esaú a Jacob: Deixa-me, peço-te, sorver d'esse guisado vermelho, porque estou cançado. Por isso se chamou o seu nome Edom.

31Então disse Jacob: Vende-me hoje a tua primogenitura.

32E disse Esaú: Eis que estou a ponto de morrer, e para que me servirá logo a primogenitura?

33Então disse Jacob: Jura-me hoje. E jurou-lhe e vendeu a sua primogenitura a Jacob.

34E Jacob deu pão a Esaú e o guisado das lentilhas; e comeu, e bebeu, e levantou-se, e foi-se. Assim desprezou Esaú a sua primogenitura.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Abraham dies at 175 years old, and is buried by Isaac and Ishmael; the genealogy of Ishmael is given, and the twins Esau and Jacob are born, with Esau selling his birthright to Jacob for a plate of food.

Explanation

This chapter closes the cycle of Abraham's life with dignity — he dies 'in a good old age, an old man, and full of years,' reconciled enough with his two sons that both Isaac and Ishmael join together to bury him. The narrative then turns to the next generation: the twins Esau and Jacob are born already in conflict, a tension prophesied by God even before their birth ('the elder shall serve the younger,' v. 23). The selling of the birthright for a simple plate of lentils shows Esau's contempt for a spiritual and material right of great value in exchange for immediate satisfaction, while Jacob, though manipulative in this negotiation, values what Esau discarded. Today's practical lesson is about the importance of not trading lasting blessings for fleeting gratification.

Fun facts

  • The name 'Edom' (meaning 'red'), given to Esau, is directly tied both to the color of his hair at birth and to the red lentil stew for which he sold his birthright — a name that would carry this story with him forever.
  • The rivalry between Esau (ancestor of the Edomites) and Jacob (ancestor of Israel) would echo throughout later biblical history, including conflicts between the two peoples recorded in books such as Numbers, Obadiah, and Malachi.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Gênesis 25:1After Sarah’s death, Abraham marries again, a woman named Keturah — showing that his life goes on even at an advanced age.
  2. Gênesis 25:2Lists the six sons Abraham has with Keturah, further expanding his offspring beyond Isaac and Ishmael.
  3. Gênesis 25:3Continues the genealogy through Jokshan, one of Keturah’s sons, linking this line to more peoples of the Arabian region.
  4. Gênesis 25:4Closes the list of Keturah’s sons, naming the descendants of Midian — a people who will appear much later in the story of Moses.
  5. Gênesis 25:5Despite having several sons with Keturah, Abraham leaves the main inheritance entirely to Isaac — reinforcing who is the central heir of the promise.
  6. Gênesis 25:6Abraham gives gifts to “the sons of the concubines” and sends them away “eastward, unto the east country,” leaving everything else to Isaac. Sons of secondary wives had some right to goods, but not to the main inheritance; sending them far away avoided future disputes over the land promised to Isaac.
  7. Gênesis 25:7Records Abraham’s total age at death: 175 years, closing the life of the patriarch who began the family’s story back in chapter 12.
  8. Gênesis 25:8Saying someone died “full of years” and was “gathered to his people” are two old expressions for a peaceful death at an advanced age: the first says the person lived long enough, without dying before their time; the second speaks of reuniting with ancestors who had already died.
  9. Gênesis 25:9Isaac and Ishmael, Abraham’s two eldest sons, join together to bury him — despite the rivalry between the families, the two carry out this last task for their father together.
  10. Gênesis 25:10Confirms that Abraham was buried in the same cave bought to bury Sarah, in chapter 23 — the couple rests together in the same land he acquired.
  11. Gênesis 25:11After Abraham’s death, the blessing passes to Isaac, who continues living near the same well where Hagar had met God.
  12. Gênesis 25:12Begins Ishmael’s genealogy, listing his descendants before the narrative turns fully to Isaac.
  13. Gênesis 25:13Lists Ishmael’s sons by name, starting with the firstborn Nebajoth — names that will later give rise to well-known Arab tribes.
  14. Gênesis 25:14Continues the list of Ishmael’s sons, three more names that complete part of this lineage.
  15. Gênesis 25:15Closes the list of Ishmael’s twelve sons, fulfilling the promise made to Hagar that he would have a great offspring.
  16. Gênesis 25:16Summarizes that these twelve sons of Ishmael became leaders of twelve tribes — the same number of tribes that will later also characterize Jacob’s descendants.
  17. Gênesis 25:17Records Ishmael’s death at 137 years, closing his story with the same formula used to end the lives of other patriarchs.
  18. Gênesis 25:18Describes the territory occupied by Ishmael’s descendants, between Egypt and Assyria — a life marked by conflict with their relatives, as had already been announced in chapter 16.
  19. Gênesis 25:19Begins the section of the story devoted to Isaac, reaffirming that he is Abraham’s son before telling the events of his own life.
  20. Gênesis 25:20Marks Isaac’s age at marriage to Rebekah, 40 years, and notes that she was from Abraham’s own family, in Mesopotamia — the same relatives sought out by the servant in the previous chapter.
  21. Gênesis 25:21Isaac prays specifically about Rebekah’s barrenness, and God answers that prayer — the same infertility problem that had already marked the previous generation, with Sarah.
  22. Gênesis 25:22Rebekah feels an unusual struggle inside her own body and seeks an answer directly from God, still not understanding the reason — the answer comes in the next verse.
  23. Gênesis 25:23God tells Rebekah that, between the twin sons, “the elder shall serve the younger” — a reversal of the natural order, since at the time the older son held the privileges. This phrase anticipates both the personal rivalry between Esau and Jacob and the future of the two nations that would come from them, Edom and Israel.
  24. Gênesis 25:24When the time for delivery comes, it is confirmed that Rebekah was carrying twins, exactly as God’s answer had announced in the previous verse.
  25. Gênesis 25:25Esau is born “red, all over like an hairy garment,” and it is this detail that gives rise to his name, which sounds similar to “hairy” in Hebrew. It is a birth wordplay the narrative uses to introduce the character right away by his striking appearance.
  26. Gênesis 25:26Jacob is born with his hand taking “hold on Esau’s heel,” and so he receives a name that sounds like “heel” in Hebrew. The wordplay anticipates the rest of the story: later, Jacob will literally take by the heel his older brother’s blessing and birthright.
  27. Gênesis 25:27The two boys grow up with very different personalities: Esau becomes a hunter who loves the outdoors, and Jacob a more home-loving man, tied to the tents.
  28. Gênesis 25:28Each parent has a favorite son: Isaac prefers Esau, for enjoying the game he brought home, and Rebekah prefers Jacob — a division within the family itself that will lead to conflict later on.
  29. Gênesis 25:29Jacob is cooking a stew when Esau comes in from the field, famished — the scene that opens the episode of the sale of the birthright, told in the rest of the chapter.
  30. Gênesis 25:30Esau asks for Jacob’s “red pottage” and, because of this, earns the nickname “Edom,” which means “red.” This same name will later name the Edomite people, his descendants — the narrative uses the wordplay to explain where the name of this neighboring nation of Israel comes from.
  31. Gênesis 25:31Jacob takes advantage of his brother’s hunger to propose a bold trade: the stew in exchange for the right of the firstborn.
  32. Gênesis 25:32Esau, overcome by hunger in the moment, dismisses the value of his own birthright, thinking it is worthless if he dies of hunger right there.
  33. Gênesis 25:33Jacob demands a formal oath before handing over the food, making sure the trade cannot be undone later — and Esau agrees, officially selling his birthright.
  34. Gênesis 25:34Esau trades the “birthright” — the right to inherit a double share of the goods and lead the family after their father — for a plate of food, just because he was hungry after hunting. The text marks this as a serious mistake on his part, not just an ordinary trade between brothers.

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