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Jeremias 36

ARC · Chapter 36/52

1Succedeu pois no anno quarto de Joaquim, filho de Josias, rei de Judah, que veiu esta palavra do Senhor a Jeremias, dizendo:

2Toma o rolo d'um livro, e escreve n'elle todas as palavras que te tenho fallado de Israel, e de Judah, e de todas as nações, desde o dia em que eu te fallei a ti, desde os dias de Josias até ao dia de hoje.

3Porventura ouvirão os da casa de Judah todo o mal que eu lhes intento fazer: para que cada qual se converta do seu mau caminho, e eu perdoe a sua maldade e o seu peccado.

4Então Jeremias chamou a Baruch, filho de Nerias; e escreveu Baruch da bocca de Jeremias todas as palavras do Senhor, que lhe tinha fallado, no rolo de um livro.

5E Jeremias deu ordem a Baruch, dizendo: Eu estou encerrado: não posso entrar na casa do Senhor.

6Entra pois tu, e lê pelo rolo que escreveste da minha bocca as palavras do Senhor aos ouvidos do povo, na casa do Senhor, no dia de jejum; e tambem aos ouvidos de todo o Judah que vem das suas cidades as lerás.

7Porventura cairá a sua supplica diante do Senhor, e se converterá cada um do seu mau caminho: porque grande é a ira e o furor que o Senhor tem pronunciado contra este povo.

8E fez Baruch, filho de Nerias, conforme tudo quanto lhe havia ordenado Jeremias, o propheta, lendo n'aquelle livro as palavras do Senhor na casa do Senhor.

9Porque aconteceu, no anno quinto de Joaquim, filho de Josias, rei de Judah, no mez nono, que apregoaram jejum diante do Senhor a todo o povo em Jerusalem como tambem a todo o povo que vinha das cidades de Judah a Jerusalem.

10Leu pois Baruch n'aquelle livro as palavras de Jeremias na casa do Senhor, na camara de Gemarias, filho de Saphan, o escriba, no atrio superior, á entrada da porta nova da casa do Senhor, aos ouvidos de todo o povo.

11E, ouvindo Micheas, filho de Gemarias, filho de Saphan, todas as palavras do Senhor, n'aquelle livro,

12Desceu á casa do rei, á camara do escriba. E eis que todos os principes estavam ali assentados: a saber: Elisama, o escriba, e Delaias, filho de Semaias, e Elnathan, filho de Achbor, e Gemarias, filho de Saphan, e Zedekias, filho de Hananias, como tambem todos os principes.

13E Micheas annunciou-lhes todas as palavras que ouvira, lendo-as Baruch pelo livro, aos ouvidos do povo.

14Então enviaram todos os principes Baruch Jehudi, filho de Nethanias, filho de Selemias, filho de Cusahi, para lhes dizer: O rolo por que leste aos ouvidos do povo toma-o na tua mão, e vem. E Baruch, filho de Nerias, tomou o rolo na sua mão, e foi para elles.

15E disseram-lhe: Assenta-te agora, e lê-o aos nossos ouvidos. E leu Baruch aos ouvidos d'elles.

16E succedeu que, ouvindo elles todas aquellas palavras, se voltaram uns para os outros, e disseram a Baruch: Sem duvida nenhuma annunciaremos ao rei todas estas palavras.

17E perguntaram a Baruch, dizendo: Declara-nos agora como escreveste da sua bocca todas estas palavras.

18E disse-lhes Baruch: Da sua bocca dictava-me todas estas palavras, e eu as escrevia no livro com tinta.

19Então disseram os principes a Baruch: Vae, esconde-te, tu e Jeremias, e ninguem saiba onde estaes.

20E foram-se ter com o rei ao atrio; porém depositaram o rolo na camara de Elisama, o escriba, e denunciaram aos ouvidos do rei todas aquellas palavras.

21Então enviou o rei a Jehudi, a que tomasse o rolo; e tomou-o da camara de Elisama, o escriba, e leu-o Jehudi aos ouvidos do rei e aos ouvidos de todos os principes que estavam em torno do rei:

22(Estava então o rei assentado na casa de inverno, pelo nono mez; e estava diante d'elle um brazeiro acceso).

23E succedeu que, tendo Jehudi lido tres ou quatro folhas, cortou-as com um canivete de escrivão, e lançou-as no fogo que havia no brazeiro, até que todo o rolo se consumiu no fogo que estava sobre o brazeiro.

24E não temeram, nem rasgaram os seus vestidos, o rei e todos os seus servos que ouviram todas estas palavras.

25Ainda que Elnathan, e Delaias, e Gemarias rogaram ao rei que não queimasse o rolo, porém não lhes deu ouvidos.

26Antes deu ordem o rei a Jerahmeel, filho de Hamelech, e a Seraias, filho d'Azriel, e a Selemias, filho de Abdeel, que prendessem a Baruch, o escrivão, e a Jeremias, o propheta: mas o Senhor tinha-os escondido.

27Então veiu a Jeremias a palavra do Senhor, depois que o rei queimara o rolo, e as palavras que Baruch escrevera da bocca de Jeremias, dizendo:

28Toma ainda outro rolo, e escreve n'elle todas as palavras primeiras que estavam no primeiro volume, o qual queimou Joaquim, rei de Judah.

29E a Joaquim, rei de Judah, dirás: Assim diz o Senhor: Tu queimaste este rolo, dizendo: Porque escreveste n'elle, dizendo: Certamente virá o rei de Babylonia, e destruirá esta terra e fará cessar n'ella homens e animaes.

30Portanto assim diz o Senhor, ácerca de Joaquim, rei de Judah: Não terá quem se assente sobre o throno de David, e será lançado o seu cadaver ao calor de dia, e á geada de noite

31E visitarei sobre elle, e sobre a sua semente, e sobre os seus servos, a sua iniquidade; e trarei sobre elle e sobre os moradores de Jerusalem, e sobre os homens de Judah, todo aquelle mal que lhes tenho fallado, e não ouviram.

32Tomou pois Jeremias outro rolo, e o deu a Baruch, filho de Nerias, o escrivão, o qual escreveu n'elle da bocca de Jeremias todas as palavras do livro que Joaquim, rei de Judah, tinha queimado ao fogo; e ainda se accrescentaram a ellas muitas palavras similhantes.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Jeremiah dictates his prophecies to Baruch, who writes them on a scroll. King Jehoiakim cuts and burns the scroll piece by piece, but Jeremiah dictates it all again, with additions, on a second scroll.

Explanation

This chapter shows, quite literally, how the Bible came to be formed: spoken prophecies were recorded in writing for preservation and public reading. King Jehoiakim's reaction — deliberately burning the scroll piece by piece as it was read, without any sign of fear or repentance — is one of the most direct acts of contempt for the prophetic word recorded in the Bible. But the attempt to destroy the message fails completely: Jeremiah simply dictates it all again, with even more content added, showing that persecuting or trying to erase a true message does not eliminate its force or its place in history.

Fun facts

  • Baruch son of Neriah was a professional scribe who faithfully served Jeremiah for decades; clay seals (bullae) bearing the name 'Berekiah son of Neriah the scribe' have been found by archaeologists in Jerusalem, possibly belonging to him.
  • The practice of cutting a scroll with a scribe's penknife and burning it piece by piece (v.23) is described in such specific detail that historians consider it a direct eyewitness account of the event.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Jeremias 36:1Jeremiah, probably banned from the temple after the episode in chapter 26, dictates all the prophecies of the last twenty-some years to the scribe Baruch to write on a scroll — it is the first organized, written record of the prophet’s message.
  2. Jeremias 36:2God tells Jeremiah to gather in writing, on a single scroll, everything He had prophesied since the beginning of his ministry, in the reign of Josiah, up to that moment — decades of messages condensed together.
  3. Jeremias 36:3The stated purpose of the writing is to give one more chance: if the people hear it all gathered together at once, maybe they will repent and God will forgive before it is too late.
  4. Jeremias 36:4Baruch, Jeremiah’s faithful secretary, writes down everything the prophet dictates, word for word — the same Baruch who later appears keeping the documents from the field purchase in chapter 32.
  5. Jeremias 36:5Jeremiah explains why he needs Baruch for this task: he himself was barred from entering the temple, probably banned after so many unpopular prophecies.
  6. Jeremias 36:6He tells Baruch to read the scroll aloud in the temple, on a day of fasting, when more people from the cities of Judah would be gathered in Jerusalem to hear it.
  7. Jeremias 36:7The hope behind the public reading: that the people’s plea would move God and repentance would come in time, since the announced anger was great.
  8. Jeremias 36:8Baruch carries out the order exactly as given, reading the scroll publicly inside the temple.
  9. Jeremias 36:9A precise date: the ninth month of Jehoiakim’s fifth year, during a public fast called for the whole people of Jerusalem and the neighboring cities — the ideal setting for the reading to reach as many people as possible.
  10. Jeremias 36:10A location detail: Baruch reads from above, in the chamber of a scribe named Gemariah, at a busy spot near the new gate of the temple — a strategic place to be heard by many.
  11. Jeremias 36:11Micaiah, grandson of the owner of the room where the reading took place, is the first to recognize the gravity of what he heard and decide to act.
  12. Jeremias 36:12Micaiah goes down to the scribe’s chamber in the royal palace, where several high officials of Judah were gathered — the first step in how the message reaches the king.
  13. Jeremias 36:13Micaiah repeats to the officials everything he heard Baruch read, starting the chain of events that would carry the scroll to Jehoiakim.
  14. Jeremias 36:14The officials send for Baruch through a messenger, Jehudi, so that he himself would bring the scroll and read it before them — they want to hear it with their own ears before deciding what to do.
  15. Jeremias 36:15They ask Baruch to sit down and read calmly, and he obeys, reading the whole content to the group of officials.
  16. Jeremias 36:16The officials’ reaction is one of real alarm: they recognize the gravity of the message and decide the king needs to know, even knowing the risk that would bring.
  17. Jeremias 36:17Before acting, the officials want to confirm the text’s origin: they ask Baruch exactly how the scroll was written.
  18. Jeremias 36:18Baruch confirms the simple process: Jeremiah dictated word by word, and he wrote it down in ink on the scroll — making clear it was not the scribe’s own invention.
  19. Jeremias 36:19A sign that the officials themselves sensed the danger: they warn Baruch to go into hiding along with Jeremiah even before bringing the news to the king, anticipating the violent reaction that would come.
  20. Jeremias 36:20The officials put the scroll away in a safe place before going to report the content to the king by word of mouth — perhaps trying to control how the news would be received.
  21. Jeremias 36:21The king sends for the scroll anyway and orders it read before him and the whole court — Jehoiakim wants to hear with his own ears what Jeremiah had written.
  22. Jeremias 36:22King Jehoiakim cuts the scroll into pieces with a penknife and throws each piece into the brazier as the text is being read. A calculated gesture of contempt, done slowly, column by column, not a hasty burning.
  23. Jeremias 36:23A striking scene: as the reading went on, the king himself cut the columns of the scroll with a penknife and threw them into the brazier, piece by piece, until the whole document turned to ash.
  24. Jeremias 36:24A shocking reaction, precisely because there was no reaction: neither the king nor the courtiers present tore their clothes (the traditional gesture of mourning and repentance) in the face of such a grave warning — total indifference.
  25. Jeremias 36:25Three officials tried to stop the scroll from being burned, but the king would not listen — showing there were voices of warning even within the court, though without the power to stop the king.
  26. Jeremias 36:26Jehoiakim goes further than destroying the document: he orders Baruch and Jeremiah arrested, but God had hidden them before it could happen — a deliverance that lines up with the warning in verse 19.
  27. Jeremias 36:27After the scroll is burned, Jeremiah simply dictates it all again to Baruch, and the text comes out longer than before, with more material added. The attempt to erase the message by destroying the paper fails completely.
  28. Jeremias 36:28God tells him to rewrite it all on a new scroll, with the same words as the first one Jehoiakim burned — the act of destroying the document does not erase the message or its validity.
  29. Jeremias 36:29The prophecy now includes a direct accusation against Jehoiakim’s own act: he thought that by burning the paper he would keep Babylon from destroying the land, but burning words does not change the facts.
  30. Jeremias 36:30A specific sentence against Jehoiakim because of this act: none of his descendants will sit on David’s throne, and his body will be thrown out without a decent burial, exposed to the heat and the cold.
  31. Jeremias 36:31The punishment also reaches Jehoiakim’s descendants and servants, along with all the people of Jerusalem and Judah — the same disaster already announced, now reinforced by the king’s contemptuous reaction.
  32. Jeremias 36:32The rewritten scroll not only repeats the original content but gains even more words added — Jehoiakim’s effort to erase the message ends up producing an even more complete text.

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