Jeremias 18

ARC · Chapter 18/52

1A palavra do Senhor, que veiu a Jeremias, dizendo:

2Levanta-te, e desce á casa do oleiro, e lá te farei ouvir as minhas palavras.

3E desci á casa do oleiro, e eis que estava fazendo a sua obra sobre as rodas.

4E o vaso, que elle fazia de barro, quebrou-se na mão do oleiro: então tornou a fazer d'elle outro vaso, conforme o que pareceu bem aos olhos do oleiro fazer.

5Então veiu a mim a palavra do Senhor, dizendo:

6Porventura não poderei eu fazer de vós como este oleiro, ó casa d'Israel? diz o Senhor: eis que, como o barro na mão do oleiro, assim sois vós na minha mão, ó casa d'Israel.

7No momento em que fallarei contra uma nação, e contra um reino para arrancar, e para derribar, e para destruir,

8Se a tal nação, porém, contra a qual fallar se converter da sua maldade, tambem eu me arrependerei do mal que lhe cuidava fazer.

9No momento em que fallarei de uma gente e de um reino, para edificar e para plantar,

10Se fizer o mal diante dos meus olhos, não dando ouvidos á minha voz, então me arrependerei do bem que tinha dito lhe faria.

11Ora pois, falla agora aos homens de Judah, e aos moradores de Jerusalem, dizendo: Assim diz o Senhor: Eis que estou forjando mal contra vós: e penso um pensamento contra vós: convertei-vos pois agora cada um do seu mau caminho, e melhorae os vossos caminhos e as vossas acções.

12Porém elles dizem: Não ha esperança, porque após as nossas imaginações andaremos: e faremos cada um o proposito do seu malvado coração.

13Portanto assim diz o Senhor: Perguntae agora entre os gentios quem ouviu tal coisa? coisa mui horrenda fez a virgem de Israel.

14Porventura deixar-se-ha a neve do Libano por uma rocha do campo? ou deixar-se-hão as aguas estranhas, frias e correntes?

15Comtudo o meu povo se tem esquecido de mim, queimando incenso á vaidade; porque os fizeram tropeçar nos seus caminhos, e nas veredas antigas, para que andassem por veredas afastadas, não aplainadas;

16Para pôr a sua terra em espanto e perpetuos assobios; todo aquelle que passa por ella se espantará, e meneará a sua cabeça.

17Como com vento oriental os espalharei diante da face do inimigo: mostrar-lhes-hei as costas e não o rosto, no dia da sua perdição.

18Então disseram: Vinde, e maquinemos maquinações contra Jeremias; porque não perecerá a lei do sacerdote, nem o conselho do sabio, nem a palavra do propheta: vinde, e firamol-o com a lingua, e não escutemos a nenhuma das suas palavras.

19Olha para mim, Senhor, e ouve a voz dos que contendem comigo.

20Porventura pagar-se-ha mal por bem? porque cavaram uma cova para a minha alma: lembra-te de que eu me apresentei na tua presença, para fallar por seu bem, para desviar d'elles a tua indignação.

21Portanto entrega seus filhos á fome, e entrega-os ao poder da espada, e sejam suas mulheres roubadas dos filhos, e viuvas; e seus maridos sejam mortos de morte, e os seus mancebos sejam feridos á espada na peleja.

22Ouça-se o clamor de suas casas, quando trouxeres esquadrões sobre elles de repente. Porquanto cavaram uma cova para prender-me e armaram laços aos meus pés.

23Mas tu, ó Senhor, sabes todo o seu conselho contra mim para matar-me; não perdoes a sua maldade, nem apagues o seu peccado de diante da tua face: mas tropecem perante a tua face; assim usa com elles no tempo da tua ira.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

God has Jeremiah watch a potter reworking a spoiled vessel, illustrating that He can change His plans for a nation depending on its repentance or rebellion.

Explanation

The potter's workshop was a common, everyday sight in Israelite life, which made the lesson extremely accessible: just as the potter reshapes flawed clay into something new, God has sovereign freedom to adjust a nation's destiny according to its response. The general principle presented (if a nation repents, judgment can be averted; if a blessed people become corrupt, the blessing can be withdrawn) shows that the relationship with God is dynamic, not a fixed, impersonal script. Sadly, the people respond with outright refusal, saying they will follow their own plans — and even conspire against Jeremiah's life for announcing this.

Fun facts

  • The potter's workshop described here was a real and common technology in ancient Israel, with rotating stone wheels uncovered in archaeological excavations of Jerusalem and other cities of the period.
  • This passage about the potter and the clay is echoed by Paul in Romans 9:20-21, using the same image to speak of God's sovereignty over humanity.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Jeremias 18:1In the potter’s workshop, Jeremiah watches a vessel that comes out wrong get remade into another shape, not discarded but reshaped. It is the central image for explaining how God deals with nations: He is free to change what He does depending on the people’s response, not locked into a fixed sentence.
  2. Jeremias 18:2God tells Jeremiah to visit a common pottery workshop of the time, to use the potter’s work as a new prophetic enactment.
  3. Jeremias 18:3Jeremiah obeys and watches the potter working at the wheel, an everyday scene that will become the basis for the message that follows.
  4. Jeremias 18:4The vessel the potter was shaping comes out wrong, but instead of discarding the clay, he reshapes it into another form — the central image for God’s explanation that follows.
  5. Jeremias 18:5A transition formula introducing the divine explanation for the scene of the potter that Jeremiah has just watched.
  6. Jeremias 18:6God applies the scene directly: just as the potter has total control over the clay, He has control over Israel’s fate — shaping it according to the people’s response.
  7. Jeremias 18:7God explains that His decisions of judgment are not fixed and unchangeable — they depend on the response of the nation involved, as becomes clear in the next verse.
  8. Jeremias 18:8These verses make explicit that prophecies of judgment, and of blessing, were conditional: if the nation turned back, God would change His mind about the disaster announced, and the reverse holds true too. This is the logic behind Jeremiah’s constant insistence on calling for repentance.
  9. Jeremias 18:9In the same way, promises of blessing and rebuilding can also change — God explains the principle symmetrical to the one in the previous verses.
  10. Jeremias 18:10Completes the principle: even a nation destined for blessing can lose it if it goes back to doing evil — the relationship with God is always conditional on the human response.
  11. Jeremias 18:11God applies this principle of flexibility directly to Judah: there is still a chance to change course before the announced judgment becomes final.
  12. Jeremias 18:12The people’s response is a direct, cynical refusal: they prefer to follow their own plans, even knowing this means turning down the chance for change offered by God.
  13. Jeremias 18:13God reacts with shock: not even among the pagan nations would something this strange be seen — a chosen people deliberately refusing the chance to correct itself.
  14. Jeremias 18:14Uses reliable natural phenomena, like the constant snow of Mount Lebanon and the cool waters of fresh rivers, as a comparison: even nature is more constant than Israel.
  15. Jeremias 18:15Unlike the constancy of nature, the people abandoned the known, safe path to follow risky shortcuts after empty idols.
  16. Jeremias 18:16Describes the shock foreigners will feel at seeing the destruction of Judah’s land — astonishment that turns even into hissing and gestures of scorn.
  17. Jeremias 18:17Compares the scattering of the people to leaves carried off by a strong east wind — and God warns that, at the moment of destruction, He will turn His back instead of helping.
  18. Jeremias 18:18The idea that the priest’s law, the counsel of the wise, and the word of the prophet would never fail shows the mindset of Jeremiah’s opponents: to them, each of these three religious authorities would always have a ready answer. That’s why they preferred to silence Jeremiah with violence instead of arguing with him.
  19. Jeremias 18:19Begins another of Jeremiah’s confessions: he asks God to pay attention to him personally, after discovering yet another conspiracy against his life.
  20. Jeremias 18:20Jeremiah laments the cruel irony: he had even interceded on behalf of these very people before, and now receives conspiracy and malice in return.
  21. Jeremias 18:21In one of the harshest moments of his confessions, Jeremiah explicitly asks for vengeance against his persecutors — a raw human outpouring of pain, not a virtue to be imitated.
  22. Jeremias 18:22Continues the plea for retribution, justifying the intensity of the request by the fact that his persecutors literally set a trap to capture him.
  23. Jeremias 18:23Closes the confession by asking God not to forgive those who plotted his death — ending this raw outpouring with a direct appeal for justice, with no middle ground.

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