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Jeremias 28

ARC · Chapter 28/52

1E succedeu no mesmo anno, no principio do reinado de Zedekias, rei de Judah, no anno quarto, no mez quinto, que me fallou Hananias, filho de Azur, o propheta que era de Gibeon, na casa do Senhor, perante os olhos dos sacerdotes e de todo o povo, dizendo:

2Assim falla o Senhor dos Exercitos, o Deus d'Israel, dizendo: Eu quebrei o jugo do rei de Babylonia.

3Depois de passados dois annos completos, eu tornarei a trazer a este logar todos os vasos da casa do Senhor, que d'este logar tomou Nabucodonozor, rei de Babylonia, e os levou a Babylonia.

4Tambem a Jechonias, filho de Joaquim, rei de Judah, e a todos os do captiveiro de Judah, que entraram em Babylonia, eu tornarei a trazer a este logar, diz o Senhor: porque quebrarei o jugo do rei de Babylonia.

5Então fallou Jeremias, o propheta, a Hananias, o propheta, aos olhos dos sacerdotes, e aos olhos de todo o povo que estava na casa do Senhor.

6Disse pois Jeremias, o propheta: Amen! assim faça o Senhor: o Senhor confirme as tuas palavras, com que prophetizaste, que torne a trazer os vasos da casa do Senhor, e todos os do captiveiro de Babylonia a este logar.

7Porém ouve agora esta palavra, que eu fallo aos teus ouvidos e aos ouvidos de todo o povo:

8Os prophetas que já houve antes de mim e antes de ti, desde a antiguidade, elles prophetizaram contra muitas terras, e contra grandes reinos, ácerca de guerra, e de mal, e de peste.

9O propheta que prophetizar de paz, cumprindo-se a palavra d'aquelle propheta, será conhecido o tal por aquelle a quem o Senhor na verdade enviou.

10Então Hananias, o propheta, tomou o jugo do pescoço do propheta Jeremias, e o quebrou.

11E fallou Hananias aos olhos de todo o povo, dizendo: Assim diz o Senhor: Assim quebrarei o jugo de Nabucodonozor, rei de Babylonia, depois de passados dois annos completos, de sobre o pescoço de todas as nações. E foi-se Jeremias, o propheta, seu caminho.

12Mas veiu a palavra do Senhor a Jeremias, depois que Hananias, o propheta, quebrou o jugo de sobre o pescoço de Jeremias, o propheta, dizendo:

13Vae, e falla a Hananias, dizendo: Assim diz o Senhor: Jugos de madeira quebraste, mas em vez d'elles farás jugos de ferro.

14Porque assim diz o Senhor dos Exercitos, o Deus d'Israel: Jugo de ferro puz sobre o pescoço de todas estas nações, para servirem a Nabucodonozor, rei de Babylonia, e servil-o-hão, e até os animaes do campo lhe dei.

15E disse Jeremias, o propheta, a Hananias, o propheta: Ouve agora, Hananias: Não te ouviu o Senhor, porém tu fizeste a este povo confiar em mentiras.

16Pelo que assim diz o Senhor: Eis que te lançarei de sobre a face da terra; este anno morrerás, porque fallaste rebellião contra o Senhor.

17E morreu Hananias, o propheta, no mesmo anno, no setimo mez.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

The false prophet Hananiah publicly breaks Jeremiah's yoke, promising that the captivity would end in two years. Jeremiah replies that, on the contrary, the yoke would become iron, and Hananiah dies that same year.

Explanation

This is a direct confrontation between true and false prophecy, presented vividly: Hananiah offers a popular, optimistic message, exactly the opposite of what Jeremiah announced. Jeremiah's response is at first almost gentle ('Amen! May the LORD do so'), but he makes clear that only time would prove who spoke the truth. Hananiah's death that same year, exactly as Jeremiah predicted, serves as divine confirmation of true prophetic authenticity, according to the very standard set in Deuteronomy 18:22 — if the word does not come to pass, the prophet was not sent by God.

Fun facts

  • Hananiah was from Gibeon, a city just a few miles from Jerusalem, showing that false prophets often came from within the recognized religious establishment itself, not from outside it.
  • Hananiah's death within the one-year timeframe Jeremiah predicted (v.16-17) precisely follows the test set out in Deuteronomy 18:20-22 for identifying a false prophet.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Jeremias 28:1Hananiah was a rival prophet to Jeremiah, active in the same period and in the same temple: he promised that in just two years the sacred objects and King Jehoiachin himself would return from Babylon. A popular hope, but one that directly contradicted the seventy years Jeremiah had announced in chapter 25.
  2. Jeremias 28:2Hananiah imitates the official prophetic formula only to say the opposite of Jeremiah: that the Babylonian yoke was already broken — a false hope soon disproved by events.
  3. Jeremias 28:3Hananiah promises that in just two years the temple vessels carried off by Nebuchadnezzar will return — the exact opposite of what Jeremiah had just announced in the previous chapter.
  4. Jeremias 28:4He goes further and even promises the return of King Jehoiachin (Jeconiah), exiled since 597 BC, and of all the deportees — an optimistic prophecy much easier to swallow than Jeremiah’s.
  5. Jeremias 28:5The scene is public, inside the temple, with priests and people watching the direct confrontation between the two prophets — this is not a backroom dispute.
  6. Jeremias 28:6Jeremiah’s response is surprising: he wishes Hananiah were right, because that would mean the end of the people’s suffering — but his personal wish does not change what God actually said.
  7. Jeremias 28:7Jeremiah asks for attention before countering, preparing the people for a practical test that will decide which of the two speaks the truth.
  8. Jeremias 28:8Jeremiah recalls that Israel’s prophetic tradition had always been one of warning and judgment, not easy comfort — announcing good things that do not happen is a warning sign, not confirmation.
  9. Jeremias 28:9The criterion Jeremiah proposes is simple: only time proves who is truly a prophet. If the promise of peace comes true, only then can it be known that it came from God.
  10. Jeremias 28:10When Hananiah breaks Jeremiah’s wooden yoke in front of everyone, God answers through Jeremiah with an even harsher image: in place of a wooden yoke that breaks easily, an iron yoke will come, impossible to snap. Submission to Babylon will be even heavier than the initial demonstration suggested.
  11. Jeremias 28:11After breaking Jeremiah’s wooden yoke as a symbolic gesture, Hananiah repeats the promise that in two years Babylonian rule will end. Jeremiah leaves without answering on the spot.
  12. Jeremias 28:12Only after the public confrontation does God give Jeremiah the final answer to bring back to Hananiah — the initial silence was not agreement.
  13. Jeremias 28:13God’s answer turns Hananiah’s demonstration against himself: breaking a wooden yoke changes nothing, because now the yoke will be made of iron — even heavier and more final.
  14. Jeremias 28:14God confirms that even the wild animals will serve Nebuchadnezzar, reinforcing that submission to Babylon, first announced in chapter 27, is a non-negotiable divine order.
  15. Jeremias 28:15Jeremiah accuses Hananiah directly of lying, not of an innocent mistake: he made the people trust a false hope at the worst possible moment.
  16. Jeremias 28:16The law in Deuteronomy 18:22 said the test of a true prophet was whether his word came true. Hananiah’s death, in the very year he predicted the end of the captivity, works as public confirmation that he had prophesied a lie.
  17. Jeremias 28:17The sentence is carried out quickly: Hananiah dies in the seventh month of that same year, only a few months after making the false prophecy — solid proof of who truly spoke for God.

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