Jó 14

BLIVRE · Chapter 14/42

1O homem, nascido de mulher, é curto de dias, e farto de inquietação;

2Ele sai como uma flor, e é cortado; foge como a sombra, e não permanece.

3Contudo sobre este abres teus olhos, e me trazes a juízo contigo.

4Quem tirará algo puro do imundo? Ninguém.

5Visto que seus dias já estão determinados, e contigo está o número de seus meses, tu lhe puseste limites, [dos quais] ele não passará.

6Desvia-te dele, para que ele tenha repouso; até que, como o empregado, complete seu dia.

7Porque há [ainda] alguma esperança para a árvore que, se cortada, ainda se renove, e seus renovos não cessem.

8Ainda que sua raiz se envelheça na terra, e seu tronco morra no solo,

9Ao cheiro das águas ela brotará, e dará ramos como uma planta nova.

10Porém o homem morre, e se abate; depois de expirar, onde ele está?

11As águas se vão do lago, e o rio se esgota, e se seca.

12Assim o homem se deita, e não se levanta; até que não haja mais céus, eles não despertarão, nem se erguerão de seu sono.

13Ah, se tu me escondesses no Xeol, e me ocultasses até que a tua ira passasse, se me pusesses um limite de tempo, e te lembrasses de mim!

14Se o homem morrer, voltará a viver? Todos os dias de meu combate esperarei, até que venha minha dispensa.

15Tu [me] chamarás, e eu te responderei; e te afeiçoarás à obra de tuas mãos.

16Pois então tu contarias meus passos, e não ficarias vigiando meu pecado.

17Minha transgressão estaria selada numa bolsa, e tu encobririas minhas perversidades.

18E assim como a montanha cai e é destruída, e a rocha muda de seu lugar,

19E a água desgasta as pedras, e as enxurradas levam o pó da terra, assim também tu fazes perecer a esperança do homem.

20Sempre prevaleces contra ele, e ele passa; tu mudas o aspecto de seu rosto, e o despedes.

21Se seus filhos vierem a ter honra, ele não saberá; se forem humilhados, ele não perceberá.

22Ele apenas sente as dores em sua própria carne, e lamenta por sua própria alma.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Job reflects on the brevity of human life, comparing it to a flower that withers and a shadow that passes. He notes that even a felled tree can sprout again, but man, once dead, does not return, and he asks whether there is hope of life after death.

Explanation

This chapter contains one of the most profound reflections in the Old Testament on human mortality and the possibility of life after death, a question that did not yet have a fully developed answer in the Hebrew theology of the time the book was written. Job's central question — "if a man die, shall he live again?" (verse 14) — expresses a genuine longing for hope beyond the grave, one that would find a clearer and more affirmative answer only in later biblical revelation. Application for today: honestly questioning the meaning of life and death before God, even without complete answers, is a legitimate part of the path of faith.

Fun facts

  • The comparison between the felled tree that can still sprout again and the human being who, once dead, does not return (verses 7-12) is one of the earliest explicit biblical reflections on the apparent finality of human death, in contrast with the observable cycles of nature.
  • Job's request to be hidden in the grave until God's wrath turns away (verse 13) suggests a paradoxical desire: not for final death, but for a temporary refuge until his situation is resolved — revealing the emotional complexity of his plea.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Jó 14:1“Of few days, and full of trouble” sums up Job’s view of human life in general, not just his own — a lament over the condition of anyone at all.
  2. Jó 14:2Job compares human life to a flower that withers and a shadow that keeps fleeing — an image of fragility that reappears in a number of the psalms.
  3. Jó 14:3Job asks why God would fix His eyes on something as fleeting as man, to the point of bringing him to judgment.
  4. Jó 14:4“Who can bring a clean thing out of an unclean? not one” is almost a proverb — Job uses universal impurity to explain human frailty, not as a specific accusation against himself.
  5. Jó 14:5Job says man’s days are already numbered by God, with a fixed limit that cannot be crossed — a fatalistic view of a short, predetermined life.
  6. Jó 14:6Job asks God to look away from him, letting him have a little peace, like a hired man who just wants to get through his workday.
  7. Jó 14:7The felled tree that still sprouts again is used as a contrast: even a plant gets a second chance, but a dead human being does not.
  8. Jó 14:8Continuing the tree image from the previous verse: even though its root grows old in the earth and its stump dies in the ground,
  9. Jó 14:9just the scent of water is enough for that tree to bud again and put out branches — the capacity to be reborn that man, according to Job, does not have.
  10. Jó 14:10But man dies and is laid low — he gives up the ghost, and then where is he? The contrast with the tree that sprouts again is the central point of the chapter.
  11. Jó 14:11The waters of a lake fail and the river dries up — one more comparison to something that disappears and does not return.
  12. Jó 14:12Job concludes, at least for now, that man lies down and does not rise until the heavens are no more — it seems to deny resurrection, though he himself will waver on this very soon.
  13. Jó 14:13Job wishes to be hidden in Sheol until God’s wrath has passed, and for God to remember him afterward — a flash of hope for a future reunion, right after having said death is final.
  14. Jó 14:14The question of whether a dead man could live again is a flash of hope for life after death, but Job does not answer yes — he only raises the possibility before sinking back into despair.
  15. Jó 14:15Job imagines God calling for him and longing for the work of His own hands — a fantasy of reconciliation, the opposite of the hostile surveillance he feels now.
  16. Jó 14:16In this imagined future, God would count his steps without watching over his sin — a direct contrast with the persecution Job feels in the present.
  17. Jó 14:17The transgression “sealed up in a bag” is an image of sins stored away and covered over, no longer used against him — a forgiveness Job only dares to imagine.
  18. Jó 14:18Job returns to raw realism: even the mountain falls and crumbles, even the rock is moved from its place — nothing is permanent, not even what seems most solid.
  19. Jó 14:19Waters wear away the stones and floods carry off the soil — Job uses natural erosion as an image of how God likewise wears down and destroys human hope, little by little.
  20. Jó 14:20God prevails forever against man, and he passes on; God changes his countenance and sends him away — death described as being overpowered and dismissed by a greater force.
  21. Jó 14:21Job observes that the dead do not know whether their children are honored or brought low after them — death severs even the bond with what happens to one’s own family.
  22. Jó 14:22The chapter closes with an isolated image: only his own flesh feels pain, only his own soul mourns — a solitary end, with no awareness of the world around him.

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