Atos 26

ARC · Chapter 26/28

1Depois Agrippa disse a Paulo: Permitte-se-te fallar por ti mesmo. Então Paulo, estendendo a mão em sua defeza, respondeu:

2Tenho-me por venturoso, ó rei Agrippa, de que perante ti me haja hoje de defender de todas as coisas de que sou accusado pelos judeos;

3Mórmente sabendo eu que tens noticia de todos os costumes e questões que ha entre os judeos; pelo que te rogo que me ouças com paciencia.

4A minha vida, pois, desde a mocidade, qual haja sido, desde o principio, em Jerusalem, entre os da minha nação, todos os judeos sabem:

5Tendo conhecimento de mim desde o principio (se o quizerem testificar), como, conforme a mais severa seita da nossa religião, vivi phariseo.

6E agora pela esperança da promessa que por Deus foi feita a nossos paes estou aqui e sou julgado.

7Á qual as nossas doze tribus esperam chegar, servindo a Deus continuamente, noite e dia. Por esta esperança, ó rei Agrippa, eu sou accusado pelos judeos.

8Pois que? julga-se coisa incrivel entre vós que Deus resuscite os mortos?

9Bem tinha eu imaginado que contra o nome de Jesus nazareno devia eu praticar muitos actos:

10O que tambem fiz em Jerusalem. E, havendo recebido poder dos principaes dos sacerdotes, encerrei muitos dos sanctos nas prisões; e quando os matavam eu dava o meu voto.

11E, castigando-os muitas vezes por todas as synagogas, os forcei a blasphemar. E, enfurecido demasiadamente contra elles, até nas cidades estranhas os persegui.

12Ao que indo então a Damasco, com poder e commissão dos principaes dos sacerdotes,

13Ao meio dia, ó rei, vi no caminho uma luz do céu, que excedia o esplendor do sol, a qual me rodeiou a mim e aos que iam comigo, com sua claridade.

14E, caindo nós todos por terra, ouvi uma voz que me fallava, e em lingua hebraica dizia: Saulo, Saulo, porque me persegues? Dura coisa te é recalcitrar contra os aguilhões.

15E disse eu: Quem és, Senhor? E elle respondeu: Eu sou Jesus, a quem tu persegues;

16Mas levanta-te e põe-te sobre teus pés, porque te appareci para isto; para te pôr por ministro e testemunha tanto das coisas que tens visto como d'aquellas pelas quaes te apparecerei:

17Livrando-te d'este povo, e dos gentios, a quem agora te envio,

18Para lhes abrires os olhos, e das trevas os converteres á luz, e do poder de Satanaz a Deus; para que recebam a remissão dos peccados, e sorte entre os sanctificados pela fé em mim.

19Pelo que, ó rei Agrippa, não fui desobediente á visão celestial.

20Antes annunciei primeiramente aos que estão em Damasco e em Jerusalem, e por toda a terra da Judea, e aos gentios, que se emendassem e se convertessem a Deus, fazendo obras dignas de arrependimento.

21Por causa d'isto os judeos lançaram mão de mim no templo, e procuraram matar-me.

22Porém, alcançando soccorro de Deus, ainda até ao dia de hoje permaneço, testificando tanto a pequenos como a grandes, não dizendo nada mais do que o que os prophetas e Moysés disseram que devia acontecer,

23Isto é, que o Christo devia padecer, e, sendo o primeiro da resurreição dos mortos, devia annunciar a luz a este povo e aos gentios.

24E, dizendo elle isto em sua defeza, disse Festo em alta voz: Deliras, Paulo: as muitas lettras te fazem delirar.

25Porém elle disse: Não deliro ó potentissimo Festo; antes fallo palavras de verdade e de um são juizo.

26Porque o rei, diante de quem fallo com ousadia, sabe estas coisas, pois não creio que nada d'isto se lhe occulte; porque isto não se fez em qualquer canto.

27Crês tu nos prophetas, ó rei Agrippa? Bem sei que crês.

28E disse Agrippa a Paulo: Por pouco não me persuades a que me faça christão.

29E disse Paulo: Prouvera a Deus que, ou por pouco ou por muito, não sómente tu, mas tambem todos quantos hoje me estão ouvindo, se tornassem taes qual eu sou, excepto estas cadeias.

30E, dizendo elle isto, se levantou o rei, e o presidente, e Berenice, e os que com elles estavam assentados.

31E, apartando-se a uma banda, fallavam uns com os outros, dizendo: Este homem nada fez digno de morte ou de prisões.

32E Agrippa disse a Festo: Bem podia soltar-se este homem, se não houvera appellado para Cesar.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Paul presents his defense before King Agrippa, recounting his conversion and his calling to preach to the Gentiles. Festus interrupts him, saying he has gone mad, but Agrippa acknowledges that Paul has done nothing worthy of imprisonment.

Explanation

This is Paul's fullest and most eloquent defense speech in Acts, weaving his personal biography together with the central message of the gospel: that the Messiah's suffering and resurrection fulfill the Jewish Scriptures. Festus's reaction, calling him mad because of so much learning, and Paul's calm response show maturity in the face of public mockery. Agrippa's line — 'Almost thou persuadest me to be a Christian' — captures the tension of someone close to faith who nonetheless draws back before the personal cost of following it.

Fun facts

  • Bernice, mentioned alongside Agrippa, was his sister, and rumors from the period (recorded even by the Roman historian Tacitus) suggested an incestuous relationship between the two, making the scene even more charged with social tension for the original readers.
  • The expression 'to kick against the pricks,' used by Jesus when he appeared to Paul, was a common Greek proverb about the futility of an ox fighting against the farmer's goad — a cultural image, not a literal Hebrew phrase.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Atos 26:1Agrippa formally gives Paul the floor, and he begins his defense with a hand gesture — a common way to call for attention before an important speech in that era.
  2. Atos 26:2Paul calls himself fortunate to defend himself before Agrippa, since the king, unlike Festus, actually understood the Jewish customs involved in the case.
  3. Atos 26:3Paul reinforces his praise of the king, asking for patience to hear a more detailed explanation, since Agrippa understood Jewish religious controversies better than any ordinary Roman.
  4. Atos 26:4Paul begins recounting his life from his youth, noting that it was well known among the Jews themselves, both in his childhood and later in Jerusalem.
  5. Atos 26:5Paul describes the Pharisees as the strictest group in observing Jewish law at the time, underscoring that his life before believing in Jesus was already one of serious religious observance, not carelessness.
  6. Atos 26:6Paul argues that he is being judged precisely because of his hope in the ancient promise God made to the Jewish ancestors — the messianic promise.
  7. Atos 26:7That same hope, Paul says, was shared by the twelve tribes of Israel through their constant religious devotion — ironic that he should be accused for believing exactly that.
  8. Atos 26:8Paul poses a rhetorical question to the audience: why should it seem so hard to believe that God could raise the dead?
  9. Atos 26:9Paul openly admits that he once was convinced he ought to act aggressively against the name of Jesus, without any doubt at the time.
  10. Atos 26:10He details that violent past: he imprisoned many Christians with official authorization from the priests, and voted in favor of their death when they were condemned.
  11. Atos 26:11Paul confesses that he forced Christians to blaspheme through punishment in synagogues, even pursuing people into foreign cities outside Jewish territory.
  12. Atos 26:12It was on exactly one of these persecution missions, on the road to Damascus with official authorization, that the encounter that would change everything took place.
  13. Atos 26:13This time Paul describes the scene in more detail: a light from heaven brighter than the sun itself, surrounding both him and his traveling companions.
  14. Atos 26:14He adds a new detail not mentioned in the earlier accounts of the story: the voice spoke in Hebrew and included the phrase “it is hard for thee to kick against the pricks,” a reference to the goad used to drive oxen, symbolizing useless resistance.
  15. Atos 26:15Paul repeats the central dialogue: he asks who is speaking, and receives the answer that it is Jesus, the very person he was persecuting through the Christians.
  16. Atos 26:16This time Jesus explains right there in the scene the purpose of the encounter: to make Paul a servant and witness, both of what he had already seen and of what He would still reveal to him in the future.
  17. Atos 26:17Jesus promises to deliver Paul from both his own Jewish people and the Gentiles — precisely the group to whom he was being sent to preach.
  18. Atos 26:18The detailed mission includes opening people’s eyes, turning them from darkness to light and from the power of Satan to God, offering forgiveness of sins through faith in Jesus.
  19. Atos 26:19Paul declares that, faced with such a clear vision from heaven, he had no way to disobey the call he received.
  20. Atos 26:20He sums up his preaching from then on: calling people to repentance and to turn to God, first in Damascus and Jerusalem, then throughout Judea and among the Gentiles.
  21. Atos 26:21Paul points out that it was precisely because of this preaching that the Jews seized him in the temple and tried to kill him — the episode that set the whole legal process in motion.
  22. Atos 26:22Paul credits his survival up to that moment to God’s help, and insists that his message never contradicted what Moses and the prophets had already announced.
  23. Atos 26:23He sums up the central message: that the Messiah had to suffer and, being the first to rise from the dead, would proclaim light to both the Jewish people and the Gentiles.
  24. Atos 26:24Festus interrupts Paul’s speech, thinking that all his learning had driven him “mad.” It is a common reaction from educated Romans faced with Jewish ideas about resurrection, which sounded bizarre outside that religious context.
  25. Atos 26:25Faced with Festus’s interruption calling him mad, Paul calmly replies that he was not raving, but speaking words of truth and soberness.
  26. Atos 26:26Paul stakes his credibility on Agrippa as a witness, arguing that the facts about Jesus were public and well known, not something done “in a corner.”
  27. Atos 26:27Paul directly presses the king with a personal question about his faith in the prophets, trying to lead him to publicly admit a position on the matter.
  28. Atos 26:28King Agrippa’s reply is an ambiguous line that can be read as sarcasm, polite irony, or even a genuine reaction of being almost persuaded. Translators and scholars still disagree on its exact tone today.
  29. Atos 26:29Paul replies, wishing that everyone present would become like him, “except these bonds” — a remark that blends seriousness with a touch of humor, pointing literally to the chains binding him as he spoke.
  30. Atos 26:30The formal hearing ends with the king, the governor, Bernice, and the others present standing up, closing the session in proper protocol.
  31. Atos 26:31As they withdraw, they talk among themselves and unanimously conclude that Paul had done nothing deserving death or imprisonment.
  32. Atos 26:32Even recognizing Paul’s innocence, neither Agrippa nor Festus has the power to release him anymore, because the appeal to Caesar was already underway and had to run its full course.

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