Atos 24

ARC · Chapter 24/28

1E cinco dias depois o summo sacerdote Ananias desceu com os anciãos, e um certo Tertullo, orador, os quaes compareceram perante o presidente contra Paulo.

2E, sendo citado, Tertullo começou a accusal-o, dizendo:

3Que por ti tenhamos tanta paz e que, por tua prudencia, a este povo se façam muitos e louvaveis serviços, sempre e em todo o logar, ó potentissimo Felix, com todo o agradecimento o reconhecemos.

4Porém, para que te não detenha muito, rogo-te que brevemente, conforme a tua equidade, nos ouças:

5Porque temos achado que este homem é uma peste, e levantador de sedições entre todos os judeos, por todo o mundo; e o principal defensor da seita dos nazarenos;

6O qual intentou tambem profanar o templo: ao qual tambem prendemos, e conforme a nossa lei o quizemos julgar.

7Porém, sobrevindo o tribuno Lysias, nol-o tirou d'entre as mãos com grande violencia:

8Mandando aos seus accusadores que viessem a ti: do qual tu mesmo, examinando-o, poderás entender tudo o de que o accusamos.

9E tambem os judeos consentiram, dizendo serem estas coisas assim.

10Porém Paulo, fazendo-lhe o presidente signal que fallasse, respondeu: Porque sei que já vae para muitos annos que d'esta nação és juiz, com tanto melhor animo respondo por mim.

11Pois bem podes entender que não ha mais de doze dias que subi a Jerusalem a adorar;

12E não me acharam no templo fallando com alguem, nem amotinando o povo nas synagogas, nem na cidade.

13Nem tão pouco podem provar as coisas de que agora me accusam.

14Porém confesso-te isto: que, conforme aquelle caminho que chamam seita, assim sirvo ao Deus de nossos paes, crendo tudo quanto está escripto na lei e nos prophetas.

15Tendo esperança em Deus, como estes mesmos tambem, esperam, de que ha de haver resurreição de mortos, assim dos justos como dos injustos.

16E por isso procuro sempre ter uma consciencia sem offensa, tanto para com Deus como para com os homens.

17Porém, muitos annos depois, vim trazer á minha nação esmolas e offertas.

18N'isto me acharam já sanctificado no templo, não com gente, nem com alvoroços, uns certos judeos da Asia,

19Os quaes convinha que estivessem presentes perante ti, e me accusassem, se alguma coisa contra mim tivessem.

20Ou digam estes mesmos, se acharam em mim alguma iniquidade, quando compareci perante o conselho.

21Senão só estas palavras, que estando entre elles, clamei: Hoje sou julgado por vós ácerca da resurreição dos mortos.

22Então Felix, havendo ouvido estas coisas, lhes poz dilação, dizendo: Havendo-me informado melhor d'este caminho, quando o tribuno Lysias tiver descido, então tomarei inteiro conhecimento dos vossos negocios.

23E mandou ao centurião que guardassem a Paulo, e estivesse com alguma liberdade, e que a ninguem dos seus prohibisse servil-o ou vir ter com elle.

24E alguns dias depois, vindo Felix com sua mulher Drusilla, que era judia, mandou chamar a Paulo, e ouviu-o ácerca da fé em Christo.

25E, tratando elle da justiça, e da temperança, e do juizo vindouro, Felix, espavorido, respondeu: Por agora vae-te, e em tendo opportunidade te chamarei.

26Esperando tambem juntamente que Paulo lhe désse dinheiro, para que o soltasse; pelo que tambem muitas vezes o mandava chamar, e fallava com elle.

27Porém, cumpridos dois annos, Felix teve por successor a Porcio Festo; e, querendo Felix comprazer aos judeos, deixou a Paulo preso.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Paul is formally accused before the governor Felix by Jewish leaders, but defends himself calmly, denying any wrongdoing. Felix postpones the trial for two years, hoping to receive a bribe, and keeps Paul imprisoned.

Explanation

Paul's case drags on for political and personal reasons: Felix seems genuinely curious about the Christian faith but also hopes to profit from the situation. Paul's defense is organized and factual, pointing out the lack of concrete evidence against him. A notable detail is that Felix 'trembles' upon hearing Paul speak about righteousness, self-control, and the judgment to come — showing that the Christian message can unsettle the powerful even without direct attack, simply by pointing to uncomfortable moral truths.

Fun facts

  • Felix was a freed former slave who rose to become governor of Judea through connections at the imperial court — a rare case of social advancement in the Roman Empire, though viewed with contempt by the traditional Roman aristocracy.
  • Drusilla, Felix's wife mentioned here, was the daughter of Herod Agrippa I (the king who killed James in Acts 12) and had married Felix after leaving her first husband — part of the complex Herodian dynasty.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Atos 24:1Five days later, the high priest Ananias personally comes down to Caesarea with some elders and a professional lawyer, Tertullus, hired specifically to present the formal charge against Paul.
  2. Atos 24:2Tertullus takes the floor as soon as he is called, opening the official accusation before Governor Felix.
  3. Atos 24:3The lawyer opens with exaggerated flattery, praising Felix for bringing peace and reforms to the people, a rhetorical device common in Roman legal speeches.
  4. Atos 24:4Tertullus apologizes in advance for taking up the governor’s time, promising to be brief before presenting the case.
  5. Atos 24:5This is where the name opponents used for the first Christians appears, “Nazarenes,” tying the movement to the city of Nazareth where Jesus grew up. The charge of sedition tried to make the case look like a political crime against Rome, not a religious one.
  6. Atos 24:6Tertullus repeats the charge that Paul tried to profane the temple, and claims that the Jews themselves tried to judge him according to their own religious law.
  7. Atos 24:7According to Tertullus, the Roman commander Lysias intervened by force and took Paul out of their hands before they could finish the trial.
  8. Atos 24:8Tertullus suggests that Felix himself, by examining Paul directly, could confirm all the charges brought against him.
  9. Atos 24:9The Jews present back up Tertullus’s accusation, joining in to affirm that everything he described was true.
  10. Atos 24:10Invited to defend himself, Paul begins respectfully, saying he speaks with confidence knowing that Felix had already been a judge of the region for many years, with enough experience to judge the case fairly.
  11. Atos 24:11Paul points to a verifiable detail: it had been only twelve days since he went up to Jerusalem, far too short a time to have organized any rebellion as they claimed.
  12. Atos 24:12Paul directly denies the charges, stating that no one found him arguing or stirring up a crowd, whether in the temple, in the synagogues, or around the city.
  13. Atos 24:13Paul challenges the accusers to prove, with concrete facts, any of the allegations they were making against him.
  14. Atos 24:14“The Way” was one of the earliest names Christians themselves used to describe their faith, before the term Christian became common. Paul accepts the word but rejects calling it a sect, insisting it is the natural continuation of the Jewish faith.
  15. Atos 24:15Paul admits he believes in the resurrection of the dead, both the righteous and the unrighteous, and notes that this same hope was shared by devout Jews themselves, including the Pharisees.
  16. Atos 24:16Paul declares that he always strives to keep a clear conscience, both before God and before people, a way of reinforcing his personal integrity.
  17. Atos 24:17Paul explains the real reason for his trip to Jerusalem: bringing alms and offerings for his own people, a reference to the collection gathered among the Gentile churches, mentioned earlier in his letters and in Acts 11.
  18. Atos 24:18It was precisely while he was carrying out this rite of purification in the temple, with no crowd or disturbance, that some Jews from Asia found him and started the confusion.
  19. Atos 24:19Paul notes, with some irony, that those very Jews from Asia should be present there to accuse him in person, since they were the original witnesses to the supposed crime.
  20. Atos 24:20Paul even challenges those present from the Jerusalem council itself to say what actual crime they found in him during the earlier trial.
  21. Atos 24:21Paul admits to only one thing he shouted out during the trial: the statement about being judged over the belief in the resurrection of the dead, the same rhetorical trick used in chapter 23.
  22. Atos 24:22Felix, who already knows more about Christianity (“the Way”) than he lets on, postpones the decision, saying he would wait for the commander Lysias to arrive before deciding with more information.
  23. Atos 24:23Felix orders the centurion to keep Paul in custody, but with some freedom, allowing friends to visit him and attend to his needs.
  24. Atos 24:24Drusilla, Felix’s wife, was a daughter of King Herod Agrippa I, the same one from chapter 12. She had left her previous husband to marry Felix, a well-known scandal at the time, which may explain her discomfort at hearing Paul speak about judgment and morality.
  25. Atos 24:25Felix grows uneasy at Paul’s message about righteousness and self-control, but instead of changing his life, he simply puts off the conversation. The text suggests he had personal reasons for avoiding the subject.
  26. Atos 24:26Felix was hoping to receive a bribe from Paul in exchange for his release, and so he often sent for him just to talk, dragging out his imprisonment with no real legal cause.
  27. Atos 24:27Felix leaves Paul imprisoned for two whole years without resolving the case, hoping to receive a bribe, and in the end still leaves him in prison just to please the Jews before leaving office. It shows the corruption common among Roman provincial governors.

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