2 Crônicas 20

ARC · Chapter 20/36

1E succedeu que, depois d'isto, os filhos de Moab, e os filhos d'Ammon, e com elles outros de mais dos ammonitas, vieram á peleja contra Josaphat.

2Então vieram alguns que deram aviso a Josaphat, dizendo: Vem contra ti uma grande multidão d'além do mar e da Syria: e eis-que já estão em Hatson-*thamar, que é Engedi.

3Então Josaphat temeu, e poz-se a buscar o Senhor; e apregoou jejum em todo o Judah.

4E Judah se ajuntou, para pedir soccorro ao Senhor: tambem de todas as cidades de Judah vieram para buscarem ao Senhor.

5E poz-se Josaphat em pé na congregação de Judah e de Jerusalem, na casa do Senhor, diante do pateo novo.

6E disse: Ah Senhor, Deus de nossos paes, porventura não és tu Deus nos céus? pois tu és Dominador sobre todos os reinos das gentes, e na tua mão ha força e potencia, e não ha quem te possa resistir.

7Porventura, ó Deus nosso, não lançaste tu fóra os moradores d'esta terra, de diante do teu povo Israel, e a déste á semente d'Abrahão, teu amigo, para sempre

8E habitaram n'ella; e edificaram-te n'ella um sanctuario ao teu nome, dizendo:

9Se algum mal nos sobrevier, espada, juizo, peste, ou fome, nós nos apresentaremos diante d'esta casa e diante de ti; pois teu nome está n'esta casa; e clamaremos a ti na nossa angustia, e tu nos ouvirás e livrarás.

10Agora, pois, eis que os filhos d'Ammon e de Moab, e os das montanhas de Seir, pelos quaes não permittiste passar a Israel, quando vinham da terra do Egypto; mas d'elles se desviaram e não os destruiram;

11Eis que nos dão o pago, vindo para lançar-nos fóra da tua herança, que nos fizeste herdar.

12Ah Deus nosso, porventura não os julgarás? porque em nós não ha força perante esta grande multidão que vem contra nós, e não sabemos nós o que faremos; porém os nossos olhos estão postos em ti.

13E todo o Judah estava em pé perante o Senhor, como tambem as suas creanças, as suas mulheres, e os seus filhos.

14Então veiu o espirito do Senhor, no meio da congregação, sobre Jahaziel, filho de Zacharias, filho de Benaias, filho de Jehiel, filho de Mattanias, levita, dos filhos de Asaf,

15E disse: Dae ouvidos todo o Judah, e vós, moradores de Jerusalem, e tu, ó rei Josaphat: assim o Senhor vos diz: Não temaes, nem vos assusteis por causa d'esta grande multidão; pois a peleja não é vossa, senão de Deus.

16Ámanhã descereis contra elles; eis que sobem pela ladeira de Zis, e os achareis no fim do valle, diante do deserto de Jeruel.

17N'esta peleja não tereis que pelejar: parae-vos, estae em pé, e vêde a salvação do Senhor para comvosco, ó Judah e Jerusalem; não temaes, nem vos assusteis, ámanhã sahi-lhes ao encontro, porque o Senhor será comvosco.

18Então Josaphat se prostrou com o rosto em terra: e todo o Judah e os moradores de Jerusalem se lançaram perante o Senhor, adorando ao Senhor.

19E levantaram-se os levitas, dos filhos dos kohathitas, e dos filhos dos korathitas, para louvarem ao Senhor Deus d'Israel, com grande voz até ao alto.

20E pela manhã cedo se levantaram e sairam ao deserto de Tekoa: e, saindo elles, poz-se em pé Josaphat, e disse: Ouvi-me, ó Judah, e vós, moradores de Jerusalem: Crede no Senhor vosso Deus, e estareis seguros; crede nos seus prophetas, e sereis prosperados.

21E aconselhou-se com o povo, e ordenou cantores para o Senhor, que louvassem a Magestade sancta, saindo diante dos armados, e dizendo: Louvae ao Senhor, porque a sua benignidade dura para sempre.

22E, ao tempo que começaram com jubilo e louvor, o Senhor poz emboscadas contra os filhos d'Ammon e de Moab, e os das montanhas de Seir, que vieram contra Judah e foram desbaratados.

23Porque os filhos d'Ammon e de Moab se levantaram contra os moradores das montanhas de Seir, para os destruir e exterminar: e, acabando elles com os moradores de Seir, ajudaram uns aos outros a destruir-se.

24Entretanto chegou Judah á atalaia do deserto: e olharam para a multidão, e eis que eram corpos mortos, que jaziam em terra, e nenhum escapou.

25E vieram Josaphat e o seu povo para saquear os seus despojos, e acharam n'elles fazenda e cadaveres em abundancia, assim como vasos preciosos, e tomaram para si tanto, que não podiam levar mais: e tres dias saquearam o despojo, porque era muito.

26E ao quarto dia se ajuntaram no valle de Beracha; porque ali louvaram o Senhor: por isso chamaram o nome d'aquelle logar o valle de Beracha, até ao dia d'hoje.

27Então voltaram todos os homens de Judah e de Jerusalem, e Josaphat á frente d'elles, para virem a Jerusalem com alegria: porque o Senhor os alegrara ácerca dos seus inimigos.

28E vieram a Jerusalem com alaudes, e com harpas, e com trombetas, para a casa do Senhor.

29E veiu o temor de Deus sobre todos os reinos d'aquellas terras, ouvindo elles que o Senhor havia pelejado contra os inimigos d'Israel.

30E o reino de Josaphat ficou quieto: e o seu Deus lhe deu repouso em redor.

31E Josaphat reinou sobre Judah: era da edade de trinta e cinco annos quando começou a reinar e vinte e cinco annos reinou em Jerusalem; e era o nome de sua mãe, Azuba, filha de Silhi.

32E andou no caminho d'Asa, seu pae, e não se desviou d'elle, fazendo o que era recto nos olhos do Senhor.

33Comtudo os altos se não tiraram, porque o povo não tinha ainda preparado o seu coração para com o Deus de seus paes.

34Ora o resto dos successos de Josaphat, assim primeiros, como ultimos, eis que está escripto nas notas de Jehu, filho de Hanani, que lhe fizeram apontar no livro dos reis de Israel.

35Porém depois d'isto Josaphat, rei de Judah, se alliou com Achazias, rei de Israel, que obrou com toda a impiedade.

36E alliou-se com elle, para fazerem navios que fossem a Tharsis: e fizeram os navios em Esion-geber.

37Porém Eliezer, filho de Dodava, de Maresa, prophetizou contra Josaphat, dizendo: Porquanto te alliaste com Achazias, o Senhor despedaçou as tuas obras. E os navios se quebraram, e não poderam ir a Tharsis.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

A massive army of Moabites, Ammonites, and other peoples advances against Judah. Jehoshaphat calls a national fast and prays publicly; in response, God promises victory without Judah even needing to fight. The next day, the enemies themselves turn against one another and destroy each other.

Explanation

This is one of the most extraordinary stories of divine intervention in the whole Bible: faced with an overwhelming threat, Jehoshaphat gathers all the people, including women and children, to pray and fast together, ending his prayer with an honest confession of helplessness: 'we know not what to do; but our eyes are upon thee.' God's response through the prophet Jahaziel — 'be not afraid nor dismayed by reason of this great multitude; for the battle is not yours, but God's' — has become one of the most quoted verses in moments of crisis throughout history. The surprising outcome, with the enemy armies themselves destroying one another out of confusion or mistrust, without Judah needing to strike a single blow, dramatically illustrates that victories can come in completely unexpected ways when trust is rightly placed in God.

Fun facts

  • Jehoshaphat has singers march at the very front of the army, praising God even before the battle begins — an extremely unusual military strategy that reflects a radical confidence that victory was already secured before any physical confrontation.
  • The place where the people gathered the abundant plunder left behind by the enemy armies was named the 'Valley of Berachah' (meaning 'blessing'), a name that remained as a lasting reminder of this extraordinary victory.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 2 Crônicas 20:1The Moabites, Ammonites, and other peoples join together in a military alliance and advance to attack Jehoshaphat — the crisis that opens the most famous chapter of his reign.
  2. 2 Crônicas 20:2Messengers warn Jehoshaphat that a huge army is already very close, at En-gedi, coming from the region of the Dead Sea — the threat is immediate, not distant.
  3. 2 Crônicas 20:3Facing this fear, Jehoshaphat resolves to seek the Lord and proclaims a fast throughout all Judah.
  4. 2 Crônicas 20:4The people of Judah gather from every city, united in the same purpose of asking God for help.
  5. 2 Crônicas 20:5Jehoshaphat stands before the whole assembly gathered at the temple, in front of the new court, to lead the public prayer.
  6. 2 Crônicas 20:6Jehoshaphat opens the prayer by acknowledging that God rules over all the kingdoms of the nations and that no one has the power to resist Him.
  7. 2 Crônicas 20:7Jehoshaphat recalls that it was this same God who drove out the former inhabitants of the land and gave it forever to the descendants of Abraham, His friend.
  8. 2 Crônicas 20:8Jehoshaphat recalls that when the people settled in this land, they built a sanctuary right there, dedicated to God’s name.
  9. 2 Crônicas 20:9Jehoshaphat cites the promise made at that sanctuary: if any disaster should come — war, judgment, plague, or famine — the people would cry out before the temple, and God would hear and deliver.
  10. 2 Crônicas 20:10Jehoshaphat points out the irony of the situation: the very peoples — Ammon, Moab, and Mount Seir — whom Israel spared when leaving Egypt, not invading their land, are now the ones attacking them.
  11. 2 Crônicas 20:11Jehoshaphat describes the attack as an unjust “reward”: these peoples that were spared are now trying to drive Israel out of the very inheritance God gave them.
  12. 2 Crônicas 20:12In the middle of an invasion that seemed impossible to overcome, Jehoshaphat’s prayer ends with a line that sums up the moment: “neither know we what to do: but our eyes are upon thee.” It is a complete admission of helplessness that opens the door for the answer that comes right after.
  13. 2 Crônicas 20:13While Jehoshaphat prays, all the people of Judah stand before the Lord, including their little ones, their wives, and their children — a scene of collective pleading.
  14. 2 Crônicas 20:14In the midst of the assembly, the Spirit of the Lord comes upon Jahaziel, a Levite descended from Asaph, setting the stage for the prophetic answer that follows.
  15. 2 Crônicas 20:15Jahaziel announces the central message of the chapter: do not be afraid of this huge army, because the battle does not belong to Judah, but to God.
  16. 2 Crônicas 20:16The instruction is specific: go down the next day by the ascent of Ziz and find the enemy at the end of the valley, near the wilderness of Jeruel.
  17. 2 Crônicas 20:17Jahaziel makes clear that Judah will not even need to fight for real: they only need to stand firm and watch the salvation the Lord will accomplish for them.
  18. 2 Crônicas 20:18Hearing this promise, Jehoshaphat bows down with his face to the ground, and all the people of Judah and Jerusalem join him in worshiping the Lord.
  19. 2 Crônicas 20:19Levites from the families of the Kohathites and the Korahites stand up to praise God in a loud voice, spreading a spirit of worship even before the battle begins.
  20. 2 Crônicas 20:20The next morning, the army sets out toward the wilderness of Tekoa, and Jehoshaphat encourages the people: trusting in the Lord and in His prophets is the guarantee of safety and success.
  21. 2 Crônicas 20:21Jehoshaphat places singers at the very front of the army, praising before any fighting has even begun. It is a battle tactic with no direct precedent: the enemies end up destroying one another before Judah ever needs to fight for real.
  22. 2 Crônicas 20:22As soon as the people begin to sing and praise, the Lord sets ambushes against the invaders, and they are defeated without Judah having to fight at all.
  23. 2 Crônicas 20:23The enemy armies turn on one another: the Ammonites and Moabites attack the people of Mount Seir, and then destroy one another in turn.
  24. 2 Crônicas 20:24When Judah’s army reaches the watchtower in the wilderness, they find nothing but bodies scattered on the ground — no one on the enemy side survived.
  25. 2 Crônicas 20:25Jehoshaphat and his people spend three days gathering the plunder, which includes so many goods, precious objects, and garments that they can barely carry it all.
  26. 2 Crônicas 20:26On the fourth day, the people gather to praise God in a valley that comes to be called the Valley of Berachah (meaning “blessing”), a name that remains in use up to the time the book was written.
  27. 2 Crônicas 20:27Everyone returns to Jerusalem with Jehoshaphat at the head, celebrating the joy of having been delivered from their enemies by the Lord Himself.
  28. 2 Crônicas 20:28The entrance into Jerusalem is marked by harps, lyres, and trumpets, heading straight to the temple in celebration.
  29. 2 Crônicas 20:29The fear of God spreads through the neighboring kingdoms when they hear that it was the Lord Himself who fought against the enemies of Israel.
  30. 2 Crônicas 20:30Jehoshaphat’s kingdom is at peace, and God grants him rest on every side — a quiet resolution after the crisis.
  31. 2 Crônicas 20:31Jehoshaphat reigned twenty-five years in Jerusalem, beginning at thirty-five years of age; his mother’s name was Azubah, daughter of Shilhi.
  32. 2 Crônicas 20:32The Chronicler’s verdict is positive: Jehoshaphat walked in the way of his father Asa without turning aside from it, doing what was right in the eyes of the Lord.
  33. 2 Crônicas 20:33Even so, the high places — local shrines outside the temple — were not completely removed, because the people still had not fully set their hearts toward God.
  34. 2 Crônicas 20:34The rest of Jehoshaphat’s reign is recorded in the accounts of Jehu son of Hanani, included in the book of the kings of Israel.
  35. 2 Crônicas 20:35After all this, Jehoshaphat makes a misstep: he allies himself with Ahaziah, king of Israel, a man described as extremely wicked.
  36. 2 Crônicas 20:36Together, the two kings build ships intended to sail to Tarshish, assembling the fleet at the port of Ezion-geber.
  37. 2 Crônicas 20:37Jehoshaphat allies with Ahaziah, king of Israel, to build ships, and a prophet warns that this alliance will go wrong — the ships are indeed wrecked before they can sail. Even a king remembered as faithful makes this kind of misstep by choosing the wrong ally.

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