2 Crônicas 28

BLIVRE · Chapter 28/36

1De vinte anos era Acaz quando começou a reinar, e dezesseis anos reinou em Jerusalém: mas não fez o que era correto aos olhos do SENHOR, como Davi seu pai.

2Antes andou nos caminhos dos reis de Israel, e ademais fez imagens de fundição aos baalins.

3Queimou também incenso no vale dos filhos de Hinom, e queimou seus filhos por fogo, conforme as abominações das nações que o SENHOR havia lançado diante dos filhos de Israel.

4Assim sacrificou e queimou incenso nos altos, e nas colinas, e debaixo de toda árvores espessa.

5Pelo qual o SENHOR seu Deus o entregou em mãos do rei dos sírios, os quais lhe derrotaram, e tomaram dele uma grande presa, que levaram a Damasco. Foi também entregue em mãos do rei de Israel, o qual o derrotou com grande mortandade.

6Porque Peca, filho de Remalias matou em Judá em um dia cento e vinte mil, todos eles homens valentes; porquanto haviam deixado ao SENHOR o Deus de seus pais.

7Assim Zicri, homem poderoso de Efraim, matou a Maaseias filho do rei, e a Azricão seu mordomo, e a Elcana, segundo depois do rei.

8Tomaram também cativos os filhos de Israel de seus irmãos duzentos mil, mulheres, meninos, e meninas, a mais de haver saqueado deles um grande despojo, o qual trouxeram a Samaria.

9Havia então ali um profeta do SENHOR, que se chamava Obede, o qual saiu diante do exército quando entrava em Samaria, e disse-lhes: Eis que o SENHOR o Deus de vossos pais, pela ira contra Judá, os entregou em vossas mãos; e vós os

10E agora haveis determinado sujeitar a vós a Judá e a Jerusalém por servos e servas: mas não haveis vós pecado contra o SENHOR vosso Deus?

11Ouvi-me, pois, agora, e voltai a enviar os cativos que haveis tomado de vossos irmãos: porque o SENHOR está irado contra vós.

12Levantaram-se então alguns homens dos principais dos filhos de Efraim, Azarias filho de Joanã, e Berequias filho de Mesilemote, e Jeizquias filho de Salum, e Amasa filho de Hadlai, contra os que vinham da guerra.

13E disseram-lhes: Não metais aqui os cativos; porque o pecado contra o SENHOR será sobre nós. Vós tratais de acrescentar sobre nossos pecados e sobre nossas culpas, sendo suficientemente grande nosso delito, e a ira do furor sobre Israel.

14Então o exército deixou os cativos e a presa diante dos príncipes e de toda a multidão.

15E levantaram-se os homens nomeados, e tomaram os cativos, e vestiram do despojo aos que deles estavam nus; vestiram-nos e calçaram-nos, e deram-lhes de comer e de beber, e ungiram-nos, e conduziram em asnos a todos os fracos, e levaram-nos até Jericó, cidade das palmeiras, próxima de seus irmãos; e eles voltaram a Samaria.

16Naquele tempo enviou a pedir o rei Acaz aos reis de Assíria que lhe ajudassem:

17Porque a mais disto, os edomitas haviam vindo e ferido aos de Judá, e haviam levado cativos.

18Assim os filisteus haviam invadido as cidades da planície, e ao sul de Judá, e haviam tomado a Bete-Semes, a Aijalom, Gederote, e Socó com suas aldeias, Timna também com suas aldeias, e Ginzo com suas aldeias; e habitavam nelas.

19Porque o SENHOR havia humilhado a Judá por causa de Acaz rei de Israel: porquanto ele havia desnudado a Judá, e rebelado-se gravemente contra o SENHOR.

20E veio contra ele Tiglate-Pileser, rei dos assírios: pois o oprimiu, e não o fortificou.

21Ainda que Acaz tenha despojado a casa do SENHOR, e a casa real, e as dos príncipes, para dar ao rei dos assírios, contudo isso ele não lhe ajudou.

22Ademais o rei Acaz no tempo que aquele lhe afligia-se, acrescentou transgressão contra o SENHOR;

23Porque sacrificou aos deuses de Damasco que lhe haviam ferido, e disse: Pois que os deuses dos reis da Síria lhes ajudam, eu também sacrificarei a eles para que me ajudem; bem que foram estes sua ruína, e a de todo Israel.

24A mais disso recolheu Acaz os vasos da casa de Deus, e quebrou-os, e fechou as portas da casa do SENHOR, e fez-se altares em Jerusalém em todos os cantos.

25Fez também altos em todas as cidades de Judá, para queimar incenso aos deuses alheios, provocando assim a ira ao SENHOR o Deus de seus pais.

26Os demais de seus feitos, e todos seus caminhos, primeiros e últimos, eis que estão escrito no livro dos reis de Judá e de Israel.

27E descansou Acaz com seus pais, e sepultaram-no na cidade de Jerusalém: mas não lhe meteram nos sepulcros dos reis de Israel; e reinou em seu lugar Ezequias seu filho.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Ahaz becomes one of the most wicked kings of Judah, practicing extreme idolatry, including sacrificing his own children in fire. As a consequence, Judah suffers humiliating defeats against Israel, Syria, and other neighboring peoples, and Ahaz, desperate, seeks help from Assyria, but this only deepens his dependence and apostasy.

Explanation

Ahaz represents one of the lowest points in Judah's spiritual history before the exile, going to the terrible extreme of sacrificing his own children in pagan rituals, a practice expressly condemned by the law of Moses as one of the worst possible abominations. Faced with multiple humiliating military defeats, instead of turning to God in repentance, he increasingly seeks out alliances and foreign gods, including asking the powerful Assyrian empire for help, which ends up becoming more of an oppressive burden than a true ally. A remarkable moment of grace amid so much darkness is the intervention of the prophet Oded, who convinces leaders of the northern kingdom to free the captured Judean prisoners of war, treating them with compassion instead of enslaving them — showing that even in a time of conflict between the brother kingdoms, there was room for isolated acts of mercy.

Fun facts

  • Ahaz's act of completely shutting the doors of the temple and building pagan altars throughout Jerusalem represents the most extreme level of institutional rejection of true worship recorded among the kings of Judah before the final exile.
  • The intervention of the prophet Oded, convincing victorious Israelite soldiers to free and compassionately care for captured Judean prisoners, is one of the rare moments of humanity and elevated ethics displayed during the often hostile conflict between the two divided kingdoms.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 2 Crônicas 28:1Ahaz was twenty years old when he began to reign, governed sixteen years in Jerusalem, and the Chronicler warns right away: he did not do what was right, unlike David.
  2. 2 Crônicas 28:2Ahaz follows the ways of the kings of Israel and even makes cast images for the worship of the Baals.
  3. 2 Crônicas 28:3Ahaz goes so far as to burn his own children in the fire, a sacrifice adopted from the Canaanite cults of the region, a practice the law of Moses expressly forbade. It is one of the most serious acts attributed to any king of Judah in the whole book.
  4. 2 Crônicas 28:4In addition, Ahaz offers sacrifices and burns incense on the high places and hills, and even under every leafy tree — idolatrous practices spread throughout the kingdom.
  5. 2 Crônicas 28:5Because of this unfaithfulness, God hands Ahaz over to the king of Syria, who defeats him and carries off many captives to Damascus, and also to the king of Israel, who deals him a heavy defeat.
  6. 2 Crônicas 28:6Pekah, king of Israel, kills a hundred twenty thousand men of Judah in a single day, because they had forsaken the Lord, the God of their ancestors.
  7. 2 Crônicas 28:7Zichri, a mighty warrior from Ephraim, kills Maaseiah, the king’s son, along with Azrikam, the officer over the palace, and Elkanah, the second in command after the king.
  8. 2 Crônicas 28:8The army of Israel carries off two hundred thousand captives from Judah — women, sons, and daughters — besides plundering a large amount of goods taken to Samaria.
  9. 2 Crônicas 28:9A prophet named Oded goes out to meet the victorious army and warns them: God allowed this defeat out of anger against Judah, but the fury with which they killed went too far, reaching “up to heaven.”
  10. 2 Crônicas 28:10Oded questions the army’s intention to enslave the captives from Judah, reminding them that Israel itself also carries guilt before the Lord.
  11. 2 Crônicas 28:11Oded urges them to send the prisoners back, because the fierce wrath of the Lord rests precisely on those who captured them.
  12. 2 Crônicas 28:12Some leaders of Ephraim — Azariah, Berechiah, Jehizkiah, and Amasa — stand up to confront the soldiers returning victorious from battle.
  13. 2 Crônicas 28:13These leaders insist that the prisoners must not be brought in, because doing so would only add to the guilt Israel already carries before the Lord.
  14. 2 Crônicas 28:14In response to this appeal, the armed soldiers leave the prisoners and the plunder before the leaders and the whole assembly.
  15. 2 Crônicas 28:15After defeating Judah and taking prisoners, the army of Israel is confronted by a prophet named Oded, and ends up not only releasing the captives but clothing, feeding, and caring for them before sending them back home. It is a rare moment of compassion coming precisely from the northern kingdom, usually described as unfaithful.
  16. 2 Crônicas 28:16During this same period, King Ahaz appeals directly to the kings of Assyria, seeking outside military support.
  17. 2 Crônicas 28:17At the same time, the Edomites attack Judah and also carry off prisoners.
  18. 2 Crônicas 28:18The Philistines take advantage of Judah’s weakness and seize cities in the lowland and the south, such as Beth-shemesh, Aijalon, Gederoth, Soco, and Timnah, settling in them.
  19. 2 Crônicas 28:19The Chronicler explains this string of defeats as humiliation sent directly by the Lord, because of Ahaz’s extreme unfaithfulness.
  20. 2 Crônicas 28:20Ahaz asks the king of Assyria for help against his enemies, but instead of relief he receives pressure: the text says the Assyrian king “distressed him, but strengthened him not.” The alliance that seemed like a solution becomes just one more problem.
  21. 2 Crônicas 28:21Ahaz even strips wealth from the temple, the palace, and the officials to pay the king of Assyria, but it brings him no help at all.
  22. 2 Crônicas 28:22Even under pressure and distress, Ahaz only grows worse, sinning still more against the Lord — that is how the text sums up his character.
  23. 2 Crônicas 28:23Ahaz goes so far as to sacrifice to the gods of Damascus, reasoning that since they helped the Syrians, they will help him too — but they only contribute to his ruin and the ruin of all Israel.
  24. 2 Crônicas 28:24Ahaz gathers up the vessels of the temple, breaks them in pieces, shuts the doors of the temple, and builds idolatrous altars all over Jerusalem.
  25. 2 Crônicas 28:25In every city of Judah, Ahaz builds high places to burn incense to other gods, provoking the Lord’s anger still further.
  26. 2 Crônicas 28:26The rest of Ahaz’s acts and ways are recorded in the book of the kings of Judah and Israel.
  27. 2 Crônicas 28:27Ahaz dies and is buried in Jerusalem, but outside the tombs reserved for the kings; his son Hezekiah takes the throne, opening one of the most important chapters in the book.

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