Números 22

ARC · Chapter 22/36

1Depois partiram os filhos de Israel, e acamparam-se nas campinas de Moab, d'esta banda do Jordão de Jericó.

2Vendo pois Balac, filho de Zippor, tudo o que Israel fizera aos amorrheos,

3Moab temeu muito diante d'este povo, porque era muito: e Moab andava angustiado por causa dos filhos de Israel.

4Pelo que Moab disse aos anciãos dos midianitas: Agora lamberá esta congregação tudo quanto houver ao redor de nós, como o boi lambe a herva do campo. N'aquelle tempo Balac, filho de Zippor, era rei dos moabitas.

5Este enviou mensageiros a Balaão, filho de Beor, a Pethor, que está junto ao rio, na terra dos filhos do seu povo, a chamal-o, dizendo: Eis que um povo saiu do Egypto; eis que cobre a face da terra, e parado está defronte de mim.

6Vem pois agora, rogo-te, amaldiçoa-me este povo, pois mais poderoso é do que eu; porventura o poderei ferir, e o lançarei fóra da terra: porque eu sei que, a quem tu abençoares será abençoado, e a quem tu amaldiçoares será amaldiçoado.

7Então foram-se os anciãos dos moabitas e os anciãos dos midianitas com o preço dos encantamentos nas suas mãos: e chegaram a Balaão, e lhe fallaram as palavras de Balac

8E elle lhes disse: Passae aqui esta noite, e vos trarei a resposta, como o Senhor me fallar: então os principes dos moabitas ficaram com Balaão.

9E veiu Deus a Balaão, e disse: Quem são estes homens que estão comtigo?

10E Balaão disse a Deus: Balac, filho de Zippor, rei dos moabitas, m'os enviou, dizendo:

11Eis que o povo que saiu do Egypto cobriu a face da terra: vem agora, amaldiçoa-m'o; porventura poderei pelejar contra elle, e o lançarei fóra.

12Então disse Deus a Balaão: Não irás com elles, nem amaldiçoarás a este povo, porquanto bemdito é.

13Então Balaão levantou-se pela manhã, e disse aos principes de Balac: Ide á vossa terra, porque o Senhor recusa deixar-me ir comvosco.

14E levantaram-se os principes dos moabitas, e vieram a Balac, e disseram: Balaão recusou vir comnosco.

15Porém Balac proseguiu ainda em enviar mais principes, e mais honrados do que aquelles,

16Os quaes vieram a Balaão, e lhe disseram: Assim diz Balac, filho de Zippor: Rogo-te que não te demores em vir a mim,

17Porque grandemente te honrarei, e farei tudo o que me disseres: vem pois, rogo-te, amaldiçoa-me este povo.

18Então Balaão respondeu, e disse aos servos de Balac: Ainda que Balac me désse a sua casa cheia de prata e de oiro, eu não poderia traspassar o mandado do Senhor meu Deus, para fazer coisa pequena ou grande;

19Agora, pois, rogo-vos que tambem aqui fiqueis esta noite, para que eu saiba o que o Senhor me fallar mais.

20Veiu pois o Senhor a Balaão, de noite, e disse-lhe: Se aquelles homens te vieram chamar, levanta-te, vae com elles; todavia, farás o que eu te disser.

21Então Balaão levantou-se pela manhã, e albardou a sua jumenta, e foi-se com os principes de Moab.

22E a ira de Deus accendeu-se, porque elle se ia: e o anjo do Senhor poz-se-lhe no caminho por adversario: e elle ia caminhando, montado na sua jumenta, e dois de seus moços com elle.

23Viu pois a jumenta o anjo do Senhor, que estava no caminho, com a sua espada desembainhada na mão; pelo que desviou-se a jumenta do caminho, e foi-se pelo campo: então Balaão espancou a jumenta para fazel-a tornar ao caminho.

24Mas o anjo do Senhor poz-se n'uma vereda de vinhas, havendo uma parede d'esta banda e uma parede da outra.

25Vendo pois a jumenta o anjo do Senhor, apertou-se contra a parede, e apertou contra a parede o pé de Balaão; pelo que tornou a espancal-a.

26Então o anjo do Senhor passou mais adiante, e poz-se n'um logar estreito, onde não havia caminho para se desviar nem para a direita nem para a esquerda.

27E, vendo a jumenta o anjo do Senhor, deitou-se debaixo de Balaão: e a ira de Balaão accendeu-se, e espancou a jumenta com o bordão.

28Então o Senhor abriu a bocca da jumenta, a qual disse a Balaão: Que te fiz eu, que me espancaste estas tres vezes?

29E Balaão disse á jumenta: Porque zombaste de mim: oxalá tivesse eu uma espada na mão, porque agora te matara.

30E a jumenta disse a Balaão: Porventura não sou a tua jumenta, em que cavalgaste desde o tempo que eu fui tua até hoje? costumei eu alguma vez de fazer assim comtigo? E elle respondeu: Não.

31Então o Senhor abriu os olhos a Balaão, e elle viu o anjo do Senhor, que estava no caminho, e a sua espada desembainhada na mão: pelo que inclinou a cabeça, e prostrou-se sobre a sua face.

32Então o anjo do Senhor lhe disse: Porque já tres vezes espancaste a tua jumenta? Eis que eu sahi para ser teu adversario, porquanto o teu caminho é perverso diante de mim:

33Porém a jumenta me viu, e já tres vezes se desviou de diante de mim: se ella se não desviara de diante de mim, na verdade que eu agora te tivera matado, e a ella deixara com vida.

34Então Balaão disse ao anjo do Senhor: Pequei, que não soube que estava n'este caminho para me oppôr: e agora, se parece mal aos teus olhos, tornar-me-hei.

35E disse o anjo do Senhor a Balaão: Vae-te com estes homens; mas sómente a palavra que eu fallar a ti esta fallarás. Assim Balaão foi-se com os principes de Balac.

36Ouvindo pois Balac que Balaão vinha, saiu-lhe ao encontro até á cidade de Moab, que está no termo de Arnon, na extremidade do termo d'elle.

37E Balac disse a Balaão: Porventura não enviei diligentemente a chamar-te? porque não vieste a mim? não posso eu na verdade honrar-te?

38Então Balaão disse a Balac: Eis que eu tenho vindo a ti: porventura poderei eu agora de alguma fórma fallar alguma coisa? a palavra que Deus pozer na minha bocca esta fallarei.

39E Balaão foi com Balac, e vieram a Quiriath-huzoth.

40Então Balac matou bois e ovelhas; e d'elles enviou a Balaão e aos principes que estavam com elle.

41E succedeu que, pela manhã, Balac tomou a Balaão, e o fez subir aos altos de Baal, e viu elle d'ali a ultima parte do povo.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Balak, king of Moab, terrified of Israel, hires the pagan prophet Balaam to curse the people. God at first prevents Balaam from going, then allows it under condition, but on the way an angel with a sword blocks Balaam's donkey, which speaks to him before he sees the angel.

Explanation

The story of Balaam is unique in the Bible: a non-Israelite prophet who genuinely hears and recognizes the voice of the true God, but whose inner motivation (the desire for the money and honor offered by Balak) puts him on a collision course with God's will even while appearing outwardly obedient. The episode of the talking donkey, both comic and serious at once, illustrates that God can use even the most unlikely means to get the attention of someone who has strayed — if an animal can see the angel before the 'seer' prophet can, this ironically exposes Balaam's momentary spiritual blindness. The central lesson: it is possible to have correct religious knowledge and still be spiritually compromised by greed or ambition disguised as obedience.

Fun facts

  • Balaam is mentioned outside the Bible: an archaeological inscription found at Deir Alla (Jordan), dated to around 800 BC, mentions a seer named 'Balaam, son of Beor,' confirming that he was a figure known in the region independently of the biblical account.
  • This is one of only two cases in the Bible of an animal speaking with understandable human speech (the other being the serpent in Eden), and the New Testament (2 Peter 2:16) cites this episode specifically as an example of divine rebuke against greed disguised as prophecy.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Números 22:1The people arrive at the plains of Moab, on the other side of the Jordan, facing Jericho — this will be the camp where Israel stays until the end of the book of Numbers.
  2. Números 22:2Balak, king of Moab, closely follows everything Israel had done against the Amorites in the previous battles.
  3. Números 22:3The sheer size of Israel’s people leaves Moab terrified, gripped by widespread dread at having such a large presence nearby.
  4. Números 22:4Balak compares Israel’s people to an ox licking up all the grass around it, and because of this decides to seek help from the elders of Midian to deal with the threat.
  5. Números 22:5Balak sends messengers to Balaam, a foreign seer living far away, asking him to come, since that people covered the land and was very close to him.
  6. Números 22:6Balak, king of Moab, afraid of the size of Israel’s people, sends for Balaam, a foreign prophet or seer known for his blessings and curses, to curse Israel before it was too late. This is the start of a story in which Balaam appears as an ambiguous figure: he wants to fulfill the paid request, but also seems to genuinely try to follow what God allows.
  7. Números 22:7The elders of Moab and Midian set out with payment in hand for the services of divination and arrive at Balaam’s, passing along Balak’s message.
  8. Números 22:8Balaam asks them to spend the night there, promising to give an answer according to what the LORD would tell him.
  9. Números 22:9God appears to Balaam that night and asks him who these men with him were.
  10. Números 22:10Balaam explains to God that Balak, king of Moab, had sent for him.
  11. Números 22:11He repeats Balak’s request: curse the people that covers the land, so that Moab could face them and drive them out.
  12. Números 22:12God responds directly: Balaam should not go with them nor curse that people, because they were already blessed.
  13. Números 22:13The next morning, Balaam tells Balak’s messengers to go home, since the LORD had refused to let him go with them.
  14. Números 22:14The messengers return to Balak and report that Balaam refused to go with them.
  15. Números 22:15Balak does not give up: he sends a second group of messengers, this time even more numerous and important than the first.
  16. Números 22:16This new group arrives repeating Balak’s request, urging Balaam not to delay in answering.
  17. Números 22:17Balak promises an even greater reward and full willingness to do whatever Balaam asked, as long as he came to curse the people.
  18. Números 22:18Balaam replies that not even a house full of silver and gold would make him disobey the command of the LORD his God in any way.
  19. Números 22:19Even so, Balaam asks these new messengers to also stay the night, to see whether the LORD would say something different this time.
  20. Números 22:20This time God allows Balaam to go with the messengers, but makes it clear he could only speak exactly what he was instructed to say.
  21. Números 22:21Balaam gets up in the morning, saddles his donkey, and sets out with the princes of Moab.
  22. Números 22:22Even though God had approved Balaam’s trip, an angel appears in the middle of the road to block him, sword in hand — except only the donkey can see the angel, not Balaam. This tension between what was permitted and the danger that still exists is typical of Balaam’s ambiguous role in the story.
  23. Números 22:23The donkey sees the angel of the LORD standing in the road with his sword drawn and leaves the road, going into the field; Balaam, seeing nothing, beats her to bring her back.
  24. Números 22:24The angel appears again, now in a narrow path between vineyards, with a wall on each side, leaving little room to move aside.
  25. Números 22:25The donkey presses against the wall to avoid the angel, crushing Balaam’s foot against it, and he beats her again.
  26. Números 22:26The angel appears a third time, now in a place so narrow there was no room to turn aside in either direction.
  27. Números 22:27With no way out, the donkey simply lies down under Balaam, who loses his patience and beats her with his staff.
  28. Números 22:28After being beaten three times for turning off the road, Balaam’s donkey speaks, asking what she had done wrong. It is one of the strangest moments in the Hebrew Bible, used to show that even an animal saw God’s will more clearly than the human prophet did at that moment.
  29. Números 22:29Furious, Balaam tells the donkey that if he had a sword in hand, he would kill her right there for making a fool of him like that.
  30. Números 22:30The donkey replies by asking whether, in all the years she had served Balaam, she had ever acted like this before — and he has to admit she had not.
  31. Números 22:31Only then does the LORD open Balaam’s eyes, and he finally sees the angel standing in the road with sword in hand, and immediately falls facedown.
  32. Números 22:32The angel asks why Balaam struck the donkey three times, revealing that he had come specifically to oppose him, because his way was wrong.
  33. Números 22:33The angel explains that if the donkey had not turned aside all three times, he would have already killed Balaam, sparing the animal instead.
  34. Números 22:34After seeing the angel, Balaam admits he sinned and offers to turn back, but the angel tells him to continue the journey, only speaking what God commands. This back-and-forth shows the character’s ambiguity well: he has real contact with God and ultimately obeys, but spends the whole time being pulled between what he wants to do and what he is allowed to do.
  35. Números 22:35The angel allows Balaam to continue the journey but repeats the condition: he could only say exactly what God told him to say.
  36. Números 22:36Learning that Balaam was arriving, Balak personally goes out to meet him, all the way to a city on the border of the Arnon.
  37. Números 22:37Balak complains, asking why Balaam took so long to come, since he had insisted so much and promised to honor him.
  38. Números 22:38Balaam replies that he has arrived, but warns from the start that he can only speak exactly what God puts in his mouth.
  39. Números 22:39Balaam continues with Balak until they reach the city of Kirjath-huzoth.
  40. Números 22:40There Balak sacrifices oxen and sheep, and sends part of the meat to Balaam and the leaders who were with him.
  41. Números 22:41The next morning, Balak takes Balaam up to a high place dedicated to Baal, from where he could see part of Israel’s camp.

Chapters

Our apps

Our apps →

Bible in Stories

The Bible told as a story, with audio and videos.

📱 Get the app

World in Stories

True stories of humanity that sound made up.

Feito! Pequenas Vitórias

A light daily routine for people who lose track of the day.