Juízes 21

ARC · Chapter 21/21

1Ora tinham jurado os homens d'Israel em Mispah, dizendo: Nenhum de nós dará sua filha por mulher aos benjamitas.

2Veiu pois o povo a Beth-el, e ali ficaram até á tarde diante de Deus: e levantaram a sua voz, e prantearam com grande pranto,

3E disseram: Ah! Senhor Deus d'Israel, porque succedeu isto em Israel, que hoje falte uma tribu em Israel?

4E succedeu que, no dia seguinte, o povo pela manhã se levantou, e edificou ali um altar; e offereceram holocaustos e offertas pacificas.

5E disseram os filhos d'Israel: Quem de todas as tribus d'Israel não subiu ao ajuntamento ao Senhor? Porque se tinha feito um grande juramento ácerca dos que não viessem ao Senhor a Mispah, dizendo: Morrerá certamente.

6E arrependeram-se os filhos d'Israel ácerca de Benjamin, seu irmão, e disseram: Cortada é hoje d'Israel uma tribu.

7Que faremos, ácerca de mulheres, com os que ficaram de resto, pois nós temos jurado pelo Senhor que nenhuma de nossas filhas lhes dariamos por mulheres?

8E disseram: Ha alguma das tribus d'Israel que não subisse ao Senhor a Mispah? E eis que ninguem de Jabes de Gilead viera ao arraial, á congregação.

9Porquanto o povo se contou: e eis que nenhum dos moradores de Jabes de Gilead se achou ali.

10Então o ajuntamento enviou lá doze mil homens dos mais valentes, e lhes ordenou, dizendo: Ide, e ao fio da espada feri aos moradores de Jabes de Gilead, e ás mulheres e aos meninos.

11Porém isto é o que haveis de fazer: A todo o macho e a toda a mulher que se houver deitado com um homem totalmente destruireis.

12E acharam entre os moradores de Jabes de Gilead quatrocentas moças virgens, que não conheceram homem deitando-se com macho: e as trouxeram ao arraial, a Silo, que está na terra de Canaan.

13Então todo o ajuntamento enviou, e fallou aos filhos de Benjamin, que estavam na penha de Rimmon, e lhes proclamou a paz.

14E ao mesmo tempo voltaram os benjamitas; e deram-lhes as mulheres que haviam guardado com vida, das mulheres de Jabes de Gilead: porém estas ainda lhes não bastaram.

15Então o povo se arrependeu por causa de Benjamin: porquanto o Senhor tinha feito abertura nas tribus d'Israel.

16E disseram os anciãos do ajuntamento: Que faremos ácerca de mulheres para os que ficaram de resto? pois as mulheres são destruidas de Benjamin.

17Disseram mais: A herança dos que ficaram de resto é de Benjamin, e nenhuma tribu de Israel deve ser destruida.

18Porém nós não lhes poderemos dar mulheres de nossas filhas, porque os filhos d'Israel juraram, dizendo: Maldito aquelle que der mulher aos benjamitas.

19Então disseram: Eis que de anno em anno ha solemnidade do Senhor em Silo, que se celebra para o norte de Beth-el, da banda do nascente do sol, pelo caminho alto que sobe de Beth-el a Sichem, e para o sul de Lebona.

20E mandaram aos filhos de Benjamin, dizendo: Ide, e emboscae-vos nas vinhas,

21E olhae, e eis ahi, saindo as filhas de Silo a dançar em ranchos, sahi vós das vinhas, e arrebatae-vos cada um sua mulher das filhas de Silo, e ide-vos á terra de Benjamin.

22E será que, quando seus paes ou seus irmãos vierem a litigar comnosco, nós lhes diremos: Por amor de nós, tende compaixão d'elles, pois n'esta guerra não tomámos mulheres para cada um d'elles: porque não lh'as déstes vós, para que agora ficasseis culpados?

23E os filhos de Benjamin o fizeram assim, e levaram mulheres conforme ao numero d'elles, das que arrebatavam dos ranchos que dançavam: e foram-se, e voltaram á sua herança, e reedificaram as cidades, e habitaram n'ellas.

24Tambem os filhos d'Israel partiram então d'ali, cada um para a sua tribu e para a sua geração: e sairam d'ali, cada um para a sua herança.

25N'aquelles dias não havia rei em Israel: porém cada um fazia o que parecia recto aos seus olhos.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Israel regrets nearly wiping out Benjamin and seeks ways to secure wives for the survivors, including attacking Jabesh-gilead and allowing the abduction of young women during a festival at Shiloh.

Explanation

Israel's belated regret over having rashly sworn not to give their daughters in marriage to the Benjamites shows the troubling consequences of vows made in anger without considering their long-term implications - similar to the mistake made by Jephthah in chapter 11. The solutions found, including a violent attack on Jabesh-gilead and the sanctioned abduction of young women dancing at a religious festival, are presented by the text without explicit moral approval, but as an honest portrait of the ethical chaos of the time. The book ends with exactly the same phrase that opened the final section: 'there was no king in Israel; every man did that which was right in his own eyes' - a deliberate closing that prepares the reader for the need for a monarchy, a theme that will soon be developed in 1 Samuel.

Fun facts

  • Jabesh-gilead, attacked in this chapter, would decades later be the first place Saul defended as Israel's new king in 1 Samuel 11, suggesting a historical connection between the two events preserved in local memory.
  • The final phrase of the book of Judges is repeated almost identically in Judges 17:6, forming a literary framing structure (inclusio) that encloses the entire final section of chapters on moral and religious decay.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Juízes 21:1Before the war, the men of Israel had sworn at Mizpeh that none of them would give his daughter in marriage to a Benjamite, an oath that now complicates the rebuilding of the nearly extinct tribe.
  2. Juízes 21:2The people go to Bethel and stay there before God until evening, weeping a very great weeping over what had happened.
  3. Juízes 21:3They ask the Lord why this has happened in Israel, to the point that an entire tribe has almost disappeared.
  4. Juízes 21:4The next day, the people build an altar there and offer burnt offerings and peace offerings, trying to deal with the weight of what they have done.
  5. Juízes 21:5The Israelites ask who among the tribes did not take part in the gathering at Mizpeh, since they had made a solemn oath: whoever did not come would be put to death.
  6. Juízes 21:6The people feel sorry for Benjamin, their own brother, realizing that an entire tribe of Israel has been all but cut off.
  7. Juízes 21:7They ask themselves what to do about wives for the Benjamites who are left, since they had sworn not to give their own daughters to them.
  8. Juízes 21:8Checking who had not come to the gathering at Mizpeh, they find that no one from Jabesh-gilead had attended.
  9. Juízes 21:9When they count the people, they confirm that indeed no inhabitant of Jabesh-gilead was present at the assembly.
  10. Juízes 21:10The assembly sends twelve thousand warriors to attack Jabesh-gilead, with orders to kill even the women and children, a punishment for not taking part in the collective oath.
  11. Juízes 21:11The specific instruction is to kill every man and every woman who has known a man by lying with him, sparing only those who have not.
  12. Juízes 21:12They find four hundred young virgins in Jabesh-gilead, whom they bring to the camp at Shiloh, in the land of Canaan, as possible wives for Benjamin.
  13. Juízes 21:13The assembly sends messengers to offer peace to the surviving Benjamites who were still hiding at the rock of Rimmon.
  14. Juízes 21:14The Benjamites come back, and receive these women from Jabesh-gilead as wives, but there are still not enough for all the men who are left.
  15. Juízes 21:15The people keep feeling sorry for Benjamin, because the Lord had allowed such a great breach among the tribes of Israel.
  16. Juízes 21:16The elders of the assembly ask again what to do to find wives for the Benjamites who are left, since almost all the women of the tribe were killed in the war.
  17. Juízes 21:17They recognize that this inheritance of Benjamin's survivors must be preserved, so that the tribe does not vanish from Israel for good.
  18. Juízes 21:18But they remain bound by their own oath not to give their daughters in marriage to men of Benjamin, under penalty of a curse.
  19. Juízes 21:19So they remember there is a yearly feast of the Lord at Shiloh, in a precise location between Bethel and Shechem, north of Lebonah.
  20. Juízes 21:20They instruct the Benjamites to hide in the vineyards near Shiloh, waiting for the right moment during the feast.
  21. Juízes 21:21The plan is that, when the young women of Shiloh come out to dance in the celebrations, each Benjamite will come out of the vineyard and seize one of them to take as a wife to the land of Benjamin.
  22. Juízes 21:22They also agree on what to say to the fathers and brothers of these young women if they complain: to ask for mercy, since technically no one gave away his own daughter, thus sidestepping the oath made earlier.
  23. Juízes 21:23The Benjamites follow this plan, take the wives they need during the dance, return to their own land, and rebuild the cities to live in them.
  24. Juízes 21:24After this, the Israelites also disperse, each one returning to his own tribe and his inheritance of land.
  25. Juízes 21:25The book ends by repeating that there was no king in Israel and everyone did what was right in his own eyes. The line sums up the pattern of the final chapters: violence and decisions made with no shared authority at all.

Chapters

Our apps

Our apps →

Bible in Stories

The Bible told as a story, with audio and videos.

📱 Get the app

World in Stories

True stories of humanity that sound made up.

Feito! Pequenas Vitórias

A light daily routine for people who lose track of the day.