Juízes 3

ARC · Chapter 3/21

1Estas pois são as nações, que o Senhor deixou ficar, para por ellas provar a Israel, a saber, a todos os que não sabiam de todas as guerras de Canaan,

2Tão sómente para que as gerações dos filhos d'Israel d'ellas soubessem (para lhes ensinar a guerra), pelo menos os que d'antes não sabiam d'ellas:

3Cinco principes dos philisteos, e todos os cananeos, e sidonios, e heveos, que habitavam nas montanhas do Libano, desde o monte de Baal-hermon, até á entrada d'Hamath.

4Estes pois ficaram, para por elles provar a Israel, para saber se dariam ouvidos aos mandamentos do Senhor, que tinha ordenado a seus paes, pelo ministerio de Moysés.

5Habitando pois os filhos de Israel no meio dos cananeos, dos hetheos, e amorrheos, e pherezeos, e heveos, e jebuseos,

6Tomaram de suas filhas para si por mulheres, e deram aos filhos d'elles as suas filhas; e serviram a seus deuses.

7E os filhos de Israel fizeram o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor, e se esqueceram do Senhor seu Deus: e serviram aos baalins e a Astaroth.

8Então a ira do Senhor se accendeu contra Israel, e elle os vendeu em mão de Cusan-risathaim, rei de Mesopotamia: e os filhos d'Israel serviram a Cusan-risathaim oito annos.

9E os filhos d'Israel clamaram ao Senhor, e o Senhor levantou aos filhos d'Israel um libertador, e os libertou, a Othniel, filho de Kenaz, irmão de Caleb, mais novo do que elle.

10E veiu sobre elle o Espirito do Senhor, e julgou a Israel, e saiu á peleja; e o Senhor deu na sua mão a Cusan-risathaim, rei da Syria; e a sua mão prevaleceu contra Cusan-risathaim.

11Então a terra socegou quarenta annos; e Othniel, filho de Kenaz, falleceu.

12Porém os filhos d'Israel tornaram a fazer o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor: então o Senhor esforçou a Eglon, rei dos moabitas, contra Israel: porquanto fizeram o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor.

13E ajuntou comsigo aos filhos d'Ammon e aos amalekitas, e foi, e feriu a Israel, e tomaram a cidade das palmeiras.

14E os filhos d'Israel serviram a Eglon, rei dos moabitas, dezoito annos.

15Então os filhos d'Israel clamaram ao Senhor, e o Senhor lhes levantou um libertador, a Ehud, filho de Gera, filho de Jemini, homem canhoto. E os filhos d'Israel enviaram pela sua mão um presente a Eglon, rei dos moabitas.

16E Ehud fez uma espada de dois fios, do comprimento de um covado: e cingiu-a por debaixo dos seus vestidos, á sua côxa direita.

17E levou aquelle presente a Eglon, rei dos moabitas; e era Eglon homem mui gordo.

18E succedeu que, acabando de entregar o presente, despediu a gente que trouxera o presente.

19Porém voltou das imagens de esculptura que estão ao pé de Gilgal, e disse: Tenho uma palavra secreta para ti, ó rei. O qual disse: Cala-te. E todos os que lhe assistiam sairam de diante d'elle.

20E Ehud entrou a elle, a um cenaculo fresco, que para si só tinha, onde estava assentado, e disse Ehud: Tenho para ti uma palavra de Deus. E levantou-se da cadeira.

21Então Ehud estendeu a sua mão esquerda, e lançou mão da espada da sua côxa direita, e lh'a cravou no ventre,

22De tal maneira que entrou até á empunhadura após da folha, e a gordura encerrou a folha (porque não tirou a espada do ventre): e saiu-se-lhe o excremento.

23Então Ehud saiu á sala, e cerrou sobre elle as portas do cenaculo, e as fechou.

24E, saindo elle, vieram os seus servos, e viram, e eis que as portas do cenaculo estavam fechadas; e disseram: Sem duvida está cobrindo seus pés na recamara do cenaculo fresco.

25E, esperando até se enfastiarem, eis que não abria as portas do cenaculo; então tomaram a chave, e abriram, e eis aqui seu senhor estendido morto em terra.

26E Ehud escapou, emquanto elles se demoraram: porque elle passou pelas imagens de esculptura, e escapou para Seirath.

27E succedeu que, entrando elle, tocou a buzina nas montanhas de Ephraim: e os filhos de Israel desceram com elle das montanhas, e elle adiante d'elles,

28E disse-lhes: Segui-me: porque o Senhor vos tem dado a vossos inimigos, os moabitas, na vossa mão: e desceram após d'elle, e tomaram os váos do Jordão a Moab, e a nenhum deixaram passar.

29E n'aquelle tempo feriram dos moabitas uns dez mil homens, todos corpulentos, e todos homens valorosos: e não escapou nenhum.

30Assim foi subjugado Moab n'aquelle dia debaixo da mão de Israel: e a terra socegou oitenta annos.

31Depois d'elle foi Samgar, filho d'Anath, que feriu a seiscentos homens dos philisteos com uma aguilhada de bois: e tambem elle libertou a Israel.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

God raises up the first judges: Othniel delivers Israel from oppression by Mesopotamia, Ehud kills the obese king Eglon of Moab with a hidden dagger, and Shamgar kills six hundred Philistines with an ox goad.

Explanation

These first three deliverers show the diversity of ways God works: Othniel is a conventional military leader, Ehud uses cunning and a concealed weapon (being left-handed, he slipped past the guards who searched the right side), and Shamgar uses nothing more than a common farming tool. Ehud's story, though violent, was told with dark humor in ancient Hebrew culture — the grotesque details about the fat king and the servants hesitant to interrupt his privacy highlight the irony of an arrogant oppressor's downfall. The central message is that God does not depend on sophisticated weapons or large armies to deliver his people.

Fun facts

  • Being left-handed in the tribe of Benjamin is mentioned repeatedly in Judges (also in chapter 20), suggesting this trait was relatively common or notable within that particular tribe.
  • Shamgar, who killed 600 Philistines with an ox goad (a long stick used to drive cattle), is cited decades later in the Song of Deborah (Judges 5:6) as a time marker well known to the people.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Juízes 3:1Here the text lists the nations the Lord deliberately left behind to test Israel, especially the generations that had not experienced any of the wars of Canaan.
  2. Juízes 3:2The purpose is for the new generations to learn to fight, since those who had never seen war needed this kind of experience.
  3. Juízes 3:3Five Philistine lords are named, along with the Canaanites, the Sidonians, and the Hivites who lived in the mountains of Lebanon, from mount Baal-hermon to the entrance of Hamath.
  4. Juízes 3:4These peoples were left to test Israel, to see whether the people would obey the commandments the Lord had given to Moses.
  5. Juízes 3:5So Israel came to live mixed together with Canaanites, Hittites, Amorites, Perizzites, Hivites, and Jebusites.
  6. Juízes 3:6The Israelites married the daughters of these peoples and gave their own daughters in marriage to them, and ended up serving their gods. This is exactly what had been forbidden from the very beginning.
  7. Juízes 3:7Israel did what was evil in the sight of the Lord, forgetting Him and serving the Baalim and Ashtaroth.
  8. Juízes 3:8The Lord’s anger burns, and He sells Israel into the hand of Chushan-rishathaim, king of Mesopotamia; the people serve him for eight years, the first oppression of the cycle.
  9. Juízes 3:9Israel cries out to the Lord, and He raises up a deliverer, Othniel, the same nephew of Caleb who had already appeared conquering a city back in chapter 1.
  10. Juízes 3:10The Spirit of the Lord coming upon Othniel is the mark of a judge in this book: it is not a royal anointing or an inherited office, but a one-time calling to lead the deliverance of that specific moment.
  11. Juízes 3:11The land has rest for forty years after Othniel’s victory, until he dies.
  12. Juízes 3:12Israel again does what is evil, and the Lord strengthens Eglon, king of Moab, against the people.
  13. Juízes 3:13Eglon joins forces with the Ammonites and Amalekites, attacks Israel, and takes the city of palm trees, another name for Jericho.
  14. Juízes 3:14Eighteen years under the king of Moab make up the second period of oppression in the book of Judges, until Ehud, a left-handed man, kills Eglon in cold blood and delivers the people.
  15. Juízes 3:15Israel cries out again, and the Lord raises up Ehud, a left-handed Benjamite, as deliverer; the people send tribute to king Eglon by his hand.
  16. Juízes 3:16Ehud forges a short, double-edged sword and straps it to his right thigh, contrary to custom, precisely because he was left-handed. King Eglon’s guards, used to searching visitors on the left side, would never find it there.
  17. Juízes 3:17Ehud presents the tribute to Eglon, described as a very fat man, a detail that will matter in the scene that follows.
  18. Juízes 3:18After presenting the gift, Ehud sends away the men who had carried the tribute along with him.
  19. Juízes 3:19Turning back from the stone quarries near Gilgal, Ehud says he has a secret message for the king; Eglon sends all his attendants out so he can hear it alone.
  20. Juízes 3:20Ehud comes in to the cool upper chamber where the king is sitting alone and says he has a word from God for him; Eglon rises from his seat on hearing this.
  21. Juízes 3:21Ehud reaches out with his left hand, draws the sword hidden on his right thigh, and thrusts it into the king’s belly.
  22. Juízes 3:22The text describes in raw detail how the sword sinks into Eglon’s fat until it disappears entirely. It is a violent scene the narrative does not soften, because the point of the account is to show Ehud as a cunning deliverer, not to praise cruelty for its own sake.
  23. Juízes 3:23After the blow, Ehud goes out into the hallway and locks the doors of the chamber behind him.
  24. Juízes 3:24The servants arrive, find the doors locked, and conclude that the king must simply be relieving himself inside, suspecting nothing.
  25. Juízes 3:25Eglon’s servants wait so long to go in, assuming the king is merely relieving himself, that Ehud has more than enough time to escape before they discover the body.
  26. Juízes 3:26While the servants wait, Ehud has already escaped, passing by the stone quarries until he reaches Seirath.
  27. Juízes 3:27On reaching the mountains of Ephraim, Ehud blows the trumpet, and the Israelites come down with him, following him at their head.
  28. Juízes 3:28He tells the people to follow him, because the Lord has delivered the Moabites into their hand; they seize the fords of the Jordan and let no one cross.
  29. Juízes 3:29They kill about ten thousand Moabites, all strong, able-bodied men, without letting a single one escape.
  30. Juízes 3:30Moab is subdued that day, and the land has rest for eighty years.
  31. Juízes 3:31Shamgar appears in this single verse alone, killing six hundred Philistines with an ox goad, a farming tool, not a weapon. This reinforces the idea that the judges were deliverers suddenly raised up, not a class of professional warriors.

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