Juízes 6

ARC · Chapter 6/21

1Porém os filhos de Israel fizeram o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor: e o Senhor os deu na mão dos midianitas por sete annos.

2E, prevalecendo a mão dos midianitas sobre Israel, fizeram os filhos de Israel para si, por causa dos midianitas, as covas que estão nos montes, e as cavernas e as fortificações.

3Porque succedia que, semeando Israel, subiram os midianitas e os amalekitas; e tambem os do oriente contra elle subiam.

4E punham-se contra elles em campo, e destruiram a novidade da terra, até chegarem a Gaza: e não deixavam mantimento em Israel, nem ovelhas, nem bois nem jumentos.

5Porque subiam com os seus gados e tendas; vinham como gafanhotos, em tanta multidão que não se podia contar, nem a elles nem aos seus camelos: e entravam na terra, para a destruir.

6Assim Israel empobreceu muito pela presença dos midianitas: então os filhos de Israel clamaram ao Senhor.

7E succedeu que, clamando os filhos de Israel ao Senhor por causa dos midianitas,

8Enviou o Senhor um homem propheta aos filhos de Israel, que lhes disse: Assim diz o Senhor, Deus de Israel: Do Egypto eu vos fiz subir, e vos tirei da casa da servidão;

9E vos livrei da mão dos egypcios, e da mão de todos quantos vos opprimiam; e os expelli de diante de vós, e a vós dei a sua terra;

10E vos disse: Eu sou o Senhor vosso Deus; não temaes aos deuses dos amorrheos, em cuja terra habitaes: mas não déstes ouvidos á minha voz

11Então o anjo do Senhor veiu, e assentou-se debaixo do carvalho que está em Ophra, que pertencia a Joás, abi-ezrita: e Gideon, seu filho, estava malhando o trigo no lagar, para o salvar dos midianitas.

12Então o anjo do Senhor lhe appareceu, e lhe disse: O Senhor é comtigo, varão valoroso.

13Mas Gideon lhe respondeu: Ai, senhor meu, se o Senhor é comnosco, porque tudo isto nos sobreveiu? e que é feito de todas as suas maravilhas que nossos paes nos contaram, dizendo: Não nos fez o Senhor subir do Egypto? porém agora o Senhor nos desamparou, e nos deu na mão dos midianitas.

14Então o Senhor olhou para elle, e disse: Vae n'esta tua força, e livrarás a Israel da mão dos midianitas: porventura não te enviei eu?

15E elle lhe disse: Ai, senhor meu, com que livrarei a Israel? eis-que o meu milheiro é o mais pobre em Manasseh, e eu o menor na casa de meu pae.

16E o Senhor lhe disse: Porquanto eu hei de ser comtigo, tu ferirás aos midianitas como se fossem um só homem.

17E elle lhe disse: Se agora tenho achado graça aos teus olhos, dá-me um signal de que és o que comigo fallas.

18Rogo-te que d'aqui te não apartes, até que eu venha a ti, e tire o meu presente, e o ponha perante ti. E disse: Eu esperarei até que voltes.

19E entrou Gideon e preparou um cabrito e bolos asmos d'um epha de farinha; a carne poz n'um açafate e o caldo poz n'uma panella: e trouxe-lh'o até debaixo do carvalho, e lh'o apresentou.

20Porém o anjo de Deus lhe disse: Toma a carne e os bolos asmos, e põe-os sobre esta penha e verte o caldo. E assim o fez.

21E o anjo do Senhor estendeu a ponta do cajado, que estava na sua mão, e tocou a carne e os bolos asmos: então subiu fogo da penha, e consumiu a carne e os bolos asmos; e o anjo do Senhor desappareceu de seus olhos.

22Então viu Gideon que era o anjo do Senhor: e disse Gideon: Ah, Senhor, Jehovah, que eu vi o anjo do Senhor face a face.

23Porém o Senhor lhe disse: Paz seja comtigo; não temas: não morrerás.

24Então Gideon edificou ali um altar ao Senhor, e lhe chamou, Senhor é paz: e ainda até ao dia d'hoje está em Ophra dos abi-ezritas.

25E aconteceu, n'aquella mesma noite, que o Senhor lhe disse: Toma o boi de teu pae, a saber, o segundo boi de sete annos: e derriba o altar de Baal, que é de teu pae; e corta o bosque que está ao pé d'elle.

26E edifica ao Senhor teu Deus um altar no cume d'este logar forte, n'um logar conveniente: e toma o segundo boi, e o offerecerás em holocausto com a lenha que cortares do bosque.

27Então Gideon tomou dez homens d'entre os seus servos, e fez como o Senhor lhe dissera: e succedeu que, temendo elle a casa de seu pae, e os homens d'aquella cidade, não o fez de dia, mas fel-o de noite.

28Levantando-se pois os homens d'aquella cidade de madrugada, eis que estava o altar de Baal derribado, e o bosque estava ao pé d'elle, cortado: e o segundo boi offerecido no altar de novo edificado.

29E uns aos outros disseram: Quem fez esta coisa? E, esquadrinhando, e inquirindo, disseram: Gideon, o filho de Joás, fez esta coisa.

30Então os homens d'aquella cidade disseram a Joás: Tira para fóra a teu filho, para que morra; pois derribou o altar de Baal, e cortou o bosque que estava ao pé d'elle.

31Porém Joás disse a todos os que se pozeram contra elle: Contendereis vós por Baal? livral-o-heis vós? qualquer que por elle contender ainda esta manhã será morto: se é deus, por si mesmo contenda; pois derribaram o seu altar.

32Pelo que n'aquelle dia lhe chamaram Jerubbaal, dizendo: Baal contenda contra elle, pois derribou o seu altar.

33E todos os midianitas, e amalekitas, e os filhos do oriente se ajuntaram n'um corpo, e passaram, e pozeram o seu campo no valle de Jizreel.

34Então o espirito do Senhor revestiu a Gideon, o qual tocou a buzina, e os abi-ezritas se convocaram após d'elle.

35E enviou mensageiros por toda a tribu de Manasseh, e elle tambem se convocou após d'elle: tambem enviou mensageiros a Eser, e a Zebulon, e a Naphtali, e sairam-lhe ao encontro.

36E disse Gideon a Deus: Se has de livrar a Israel por minha mão, como tens dito,

37Eis que eu porei um vello de lã na eira: se o orvalho estiver sómente no vello, e secura sobre toda a terra, então conhecerei que has de livrar a Israel por minha mão, como tens dito.

38E assim succedeu; porque ao outro dia se levantou de madrugada, e apertou o vello: e do orvalho do vello espremeu uma taça cheia d'agua.

39E disse Gideon a Deus: Não se accenda contra mim a tua ira, se ainda fallar só esta vez: rogo-te que só esta vez faça a prova com o vello; rogo-te que só no vello haja secura, e em toda a terra haja o orvalho.

40E Deus assim o fez n'aquella noite: pois só no vello havia secura, e sobre toda a terra havia orvalho.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Israel suffers under the Midianites. An angel calls Gideon, a fearful farmer, to deliver the people. Gideon asks for signs — the fleece that is wet, then dry — before acting.

Explanation

Gideon is introduced threshing wheat hidden in a winepress, afraid of the Midianites who stripped the harvests like locusts — a vivid image of extreme economic oppression. His response to the angel's call is one of honest doubt ('if the Lord is with us, why then has all this happened to us?'), and God does not rebuke him for asking, but confirms his calling with concrete signs, such as the fire that consumes the offering and the test of the wool fleece. Tearing down his own father's altar to Baal, done at night out of fear, shows that even leaders God uses begin with real weaknesses — courage grows over the course of the process, it is not a perfect prerequisite from the start.

Fun facts

  • The name 'Jerubbaal' given to Gideon (meaning 'let Baal contend') was an ironic nickname given by the townspeople themselves, turning a pagan threat into a testimony to the false god's powerlessness.
  • The test of the wool fleece (dew only on the fleece, then dry only on the fleece) demonstrated control over opposite physical conditions in rapid succession, making it impossible to attribute the result to weather coincidence.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Juízes 6:1Israel again does what is evil in the sight of the Lord, and this time God hands the people over to the Midianites for seven years, restarting the cycle already seen in earlier chapters.
  2. Juízes 6:2The Midianites gain such dominance that the Israelites take to living hidden in mountain dens, caves, and rock strongholds, afraid to stay out in the open.
  3. Juízes 6:3Every time Israel planted, the Midianites, Amalekites, and other peoples of the east would come up to attack as soon as the harvest began.
  4. Juízes 6:4These invaders would camp against Israel and destroy the produce of the land all the way to Gaza, leaving the people no food, sheep, ox, or donkey.
  5. Juízes 6:5They would come with their livestock and tents, a multitude as thick as locusts, impossible to count, coming only to ravage the land of Israel.
  6. Juízes 6:6Israel is reduced to poverty because of the Midianites, and it is this distress that finally drives the people to cry out to the Lord.
  7. Juízes 6:7The text repeats that it was this cry over the Midianites that reached God, setting up the response that follows.
  8. Juízes 6:8God sends a prophet to remind Israel that it was He who brought them up out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage, long before anything to do with the Midianites.
  9. Juízes 6:9The prophet continues: God delivered them from the Egyptians and from every oppressor, drove out the peoples of the land, and gave that land to Israel.
  10. Juízes 6:10God had warned them not to fear the gods of the Amorites in the land where they now lived, but the people did not obey His voice. It is the same accusation already made by the angel back in chapter 2.
  11. Juízes 6:11The angel of the Lord sits down under an oak in Ophrah, and finds Gideon threshing wheat hidden inside a winepress, a low, enclosed spot, just so the Midianites will not see and steal the grain.
  12. Juízes 6:12The angel appears to Gideon and greets him as a mighty man of valor, a greeting that sounds ironic for someone hiding for fear of the enemy.
  13. Juízes 6:13Gideon answers with a question full of doubt: if the Lord is with them, why so much suffering, and where are the wonders their fathers used to tell about, from the exodus out of Egypt?
  14. Juízes 6:14The Lord looks at Gideon and sends him to go in this his might to deliver Israel from the Midianites, making clear that it is He Himself who is sending Gideon on this mission.
  15. Juízes 6:15Gideon answers the call by saying his family is the poorest in Manasseh and that he is the least in his father’s house. This is not false modesty; it is the same hesitation found in other biblical callings, such as Moses’, when an ordinary person is summoned to a task far too big for him.
  16. Juízes 6:16God promises to be with Gideon, assuring him that he will strike down the Midianites as though they were a single man, despite everything Gideon had just said about his own weakness.
  17. Juízes 6:17Gideon asks for a sign to confirm that it is really the Lord speaking with him, before accepting so great a mission.
  18. Juízes 6:18Gideon asks his visitor to wait there until he comes back with an offering, and the angel agrees to wait.
  19. Juízes 6:19Gideon prepares a young goat and unleavened bread, puts the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot, and brings it all out under the oak to offer to the angel.
  20. Juízes 6:20The angel tells Gideon to lay the meat and the bread on a rock and pour out the broth over them, which he does without yet understanding what is about to happen.
  21. Juízes 6:21The angel touches the offering with the tip of his own staff, and fire comes up out of the rock and consumes everything instantly; after that, the angel vanishes from Gideon’s sight.
  22. Juízes 6:22Only at this point does Gideon realize he has been speaking with the angel of the Lord, and he is terrified, thinking that seeing an angel face to face might mean death.
  23. Juízes 6:23The Lord reassures Gideon, telling him that he has peace and will not die, despite this direct encounter with the angel.
  24. Juízes 6:24Gideon builds an altar there to the Lord and calls it Jehovah-shalom, meaning “the Lord is peace,” an altar that, according to the text, still stood in Ophrah at the time the book was written.
  25. Juízes 6:25That same night, God tells Gideon to take his father’s bull and tear down the altar of Baal that belonged to Joash, and also to cut down the sacred pole standing beside it.
  26. Juízes 6:26God also tells Gideon to build a proper altar to the Lord on that same spot, and to offer the bull as a burnt offering using the wood of the pole he is to cut down.
  27. Juízes 6:27Gideon tears down his father’s altar of Baal at night, afraid of the city’s reaction. The text does not hide this fear, which makes the act seem more human than heroic right from the start.
  28. Juízes 6:28In the morning, the men of the city find the altar of Baal torn down, the sacred pole cut down, and the bull already offered on the new altar, everything done before they woke up.
  29. Juízes 6:29The townspeople ask one another who did this, investigate, and discover that it was Gideon, the son of Joash.
  30. Juízes 6:30The men of the city demand that Joash hand over his own son to be put to death, because of his boldness in tearing down the altar of Baal.
  31. Juízes 6:31Joash defends his son by asking whether they themselves intend to plead Baal’s cause; he argues that if Baal is really a god, let him contend for himself against the one who tore down his altar.
  32. Juízes 6:32Because of this, on that day Gideon is given the name Jerubbaal, meaning “Let Baal plead against him,” a direct reference to what Joash had said.
  33. Juízes 6:33The Midianites, Amalekites, and the peoples of the east join together into a single army and camp in the valley of Jezreel, ready for yet another invasion.
  34. Juízes 6:34The Spirit of the Lord comes upon Gideon, and he blows a trumpet to summon the men of his own family to follow him into battle.
  35. Juízes 6:35Gideon sends messengers to the tribes of Manasseh, Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, and all of them come out to join him.
  36. Juízes 6:36Gideon asks God for confirmation before acting: he wants to be certain that it is truly by his hand that Israel will be delivered.
  37. Juízes 6:37The test with the fleece of wool is not a lack of faith; it is a request for concrete confirmation before leading others into war. Gideon repeats the test in reverse the next day, as if trying to rule out any natural explanation for the phenomenon.
  38. Juízes 6:38The next morning, exactly as Gideon had asked, the fleece is so soaked with dew that he wrings out of it a bowlful of water, while the ground all around stays dry.
  39. Juízes 6:39Gideon apologizes for pressing further and makes a second request: this time, that the fleece stay dry while only the ground around it is wet with dew, to rule out any natural explanation.
  40. Juízes 6:40God grants this second request as well: that night only the fleece stays dry, while all the ground around it is covered with dew by morning.

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