Juízes 6

BLIVRE · Chapter 6/21

1Mas os filhos de Israel fizeram o mal aos olhos do SENHOR; e o SENHOR os entregou nas mãos de Midiã por sete anos.

2E a mão de Midiã prevaleceu contra Israel. E os filhos de Israel, por causa dos midianitas, se fizeram covas nos montes, e cavernas, e lugares fortes.

3Pois quando os de Israel haviam semeado, subiam os midianitas, e amalequitas, e os orientais: subiam contra eles;

4E assentando acampamento contra eles destruíam os frutos da terra, até chegar a Gaza; e não deixavam o que comer em Israel, nem ovelhas, nem bois, nem asnos.

5Porque subiam eles e seus gados, e vinham com suas tendas em grande multidão como gafanhotos, que não havia número neles nem em seus camelos: assim vinham à terra para devastá-la.

6Era, pois, Israel em grande maneira empobrecido pelos midianitas; e os filhos de Israel clamaram ao SENHOR.

7E quando os filhos de Israel clamaram ao SENHOR, por causa dos midianitas,

8O SENHOR enviou um homem profeta aos filhos de Israel, o qual lhes disse: Assim disse o SENHOR Deus de Israel: Eu vos fiz sair do Egito, e vos tirei da casa de servidão:

9Eu vos livrei da mão dos egípcios, e da mão de todos os que vos afligiram, aos quais expulsei de diante de vós, e vos dei sua terra;

10E disse-vos: Eu sou o SENHOR vosso Deus; não temais aos deuses dos amorreus, em cuja terra habitais; mas não obedecestes à minha voz.

11E veio o anjo do SENHOR, e sentou-se debaixo do carvalho que está em Ofra, o qual era de Joás abiezrita; e seu filho Gideão estava malhando o trigo na prensa de uvas, para fazê-lo esconder dos midianitas.

12E o anjo do SENHOR se lhe apareceu, e disse-lhe: O SENHOR é contigo, homem esforçado.

13E Gideão lhe respondeu: Ah, Senhor meu, se o SENHOR é conosco, por que nos sobreveio tudo isto? E onde estão todas suas maravilhas, que nossos pais nos contaram, dizendo: Não nos tirou o SENHOR do Egito? E agora o SENHOR nos desamparou, e nos entregou nas mãos dos midianitas.

14E olhando-lhe o SENHOR, disse-lhe: Vai com esta tua força, e salvarás a Israel da mão dos midianitas. Não te envio eu?

15Então lhe respondeu: Ah, Senhor meu, com que tenho de salvar a Israel? Eis que minha família é pobre em Manassés, e eu o menor na casa de meu pai.

16E o SENHOR lhe disse: Porque eu serei contigo, e ferirás aos midianitas como a um só homem.

17E ele respondeu: Eu te rogo que, se achei favor diante de ti, me dês sinal de que tu falaste comigo.

18Rogo-te que não te vás daqui, até que eu volte a ti, e traga a minha oferta, e a ponha diante de ti. E ele respondeu: Eu esperarei até que voltes.

19E entrando-se Gideão preparou um cabrito, e pães sem levedura de um efa de farinha; e pôs a carne em um cesto, e o caldo em uma caçarola, e tirando-o apresentou-lhe debaixo daquele carvalho.

20E o anjo de Deus lhe disse: Toma a carne, e os pães sem levedura, e põe-o sobre esta penha, e derrama o caldo. E ele o fez assim.

21E estendendo o anjo do SENHOR o bordão que tinha em sua mão, tocou com a ponta na carne e nos pães sem levedura; e subiu fogo da penha, o qual consumiu a carne e os pães sem levedura. E o anjo do SENHOR desapareceu de diante dele.

22E vendo Gideão que era o anjo do SENHOR, disse: Ah, Senhor DEUS, que vi o anjo do SENHOR face a face.

23E o SENHOR lhe disse: Paz seja contigo; não tenhas medo, não morrerás.

24E edificou ali Gideão altar ao SENHOR, ao que chamou O SENHOR é paz: está até hoje em Ofra dos abiezritas.

25E aconteceu que a mesma noite lhe disse o SENHOR: Toma um touro do rebanho de teu pai, e outro touro de sete anos, e derruba o altar de Baal que teu pai tem, e corta também o bosque que está junto a ele:

26E edifica altar ao SENHOR teu Deus no cume deste penhasco em lugar conveniente; e tomando o segundo touro, sacrifica-o em holocausto sobre a lenha do bosque que haverás cortado.

27Então Gideão tomou dez homens de seus servos, e fez como o SENHOR lhe disse. Mas temendo fazê-lo de dia, pela família de seu pai e pelos homens da cidade, o fez de noite.

28E à manhã, quando os da cidade se levantaram, eis que o altar de Baal estava derrubado, e cortado o bosque que junto a ele estava, e sacrificado aquele segundo touro em holocausto sobre o altar edificado.

29E diziam-se uns aos outros: Quem fez isto? E buscando e investigando, disseram-lhes: Gideão filho de Joás o fez. Então os homens da cidade disseram a Joás:

30Tira fora teu filho para que morra, porquanto derrubou o altar de Baal e cortou o bosque que junto a ele estava.

31E Joás respondeu a todos os que estavam junto a ele: Tomareis vós a demanda por Baal? Vós o salvareis? Qualquer um que tomar a demanda por ele, que morra amanhã. Se é Deus, contenda por si mesmo com o que derrubou seu altar.

32E aquele dia ele chamou a Gideão Jerubaal; porque disse: Pleiteie Baal contra o que derrubou seu altar.

33E todos os midianitas, e amalequitas, e orientais, se juntaram de uma vez, e passando assentaram acampamento no vale de Jezreel.

34E o espírito do SENHOR se investiu em Gideão, e quando este tocou a a trombeta, Abiezer se juntou com ele.

35E enviou mensageiros por todo Manassés, o qual também se juntou com ele: também enviou mensageiros a Aser, e a Zebulom, e a Naftali, os quais saíram a encontrar-lhes.

36E Gideão disse a Deus: Se hás de salvar a Israel por minha mão, como disseste,

37Eis que eu porei um velo de lã na era; e se o orvalho estiver no velo somente, restando seca toda a outra terra, então entenderei que hás de salvar a Israel por minha mão, como o disseste.

38E aconteceu assim: porque quando se levantou de manhã, espremendo o velo tirou dele o orvalho, um vaso cheio de água.

39Mas Gideão disse a Deus: Não se acenda tua ira contra mim, se ainda falar esta vez: somente provarei agora outra vez com o velo. Rogo-te que a secura seja somente no velo, e o orvalho sobre a terra.

40E aquela noite o fez Deus assim: porque a secura foi somente no velo, e em toda a terra esteve o orvalho.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Israel suffers under the Midianites. An angel calls Gideon, a fearful farmer, to deliver the people. Gideon asks for signs — the fleece that is wet, then dry — before acting.

Explanation

Gideon is introduced threshing wheat hidden in a winepress, afraid of the Midianites who stripped the harvests like locusts — a vivid image of extreme economic oppression. His response to the angel's call is one of honest doubt ('if the Lord is with us, why then has all this happened to us?'), and God does not rebuke him for asking, but confirms his calling with concrete signs, such as the fire that consumes the offering and the test of the wool fleece. Tearing down his own father's altar to Baal, done at night out of fear, shows that even leaders God uses begin with real weaknesses — courage grows over the course of the process, it is not a perfect prerequisite from the start.

Fun facts

  • The name 'Jerubbaal' given to Gideon (meaning 'let Baal contend') was an ironic nickname given by the townspeople themselves, turning a pagan threat into a testimony to the false god's powerlessness.
  • The test of the wool fleece (dew only on the fleece, then dry only on the fleece) demonstrated control over opposite physical conditions in rapid succession, making it impossible to attribute the result to weather coincidence.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Juízes 6:1Israel again does what is evil in the sight of the Lord, and this time God hands the people over to the Midianites for seven years, restarting the cycle already seen in earlier chapters.
  2. Juízes 6:2The Midianites gain such dominance that the Israelites take to living hidden in mountain dens, caves, and rock strongholds, afraid to stay out in the open.
  3. Juízes 6:3Every time Israel planted, the Midianites, Amalekites, and other peoples of the east would come up to attack as soon as the harvest began.
  4. Juízes 6:4These invaders would camp against Israel and destroy the produce of the land all the way to Gaza, leaving the people no food, sheep, ox, or donkey.
  5. Juízes 6:5They would come with their livestock and tents, a multitude as thick as locusts, impossible to count, coming only to ravage the land of Israel.
  6. Juízes 6:6Israel is reduced to poverty because of the Midianites, and it is this distress that finally drives the people to cry out to the Lord.
  7. Juízes 6:7The text repeats that it was this cry over the Midianites that reached God, setting up the response that follows.
  8. Juízes 6:8God sends a prophet to remind Israel that it was He who brought them up out of Egypt, out of the house of bondage, long before anything to do with the Midianites.
  9. Juízes 6:9The prophet continues: God delivered them from the Egyptians and from every oppressor, drove out the peoples of the land, and gave that land to Israel.
  10. Juízes 6:10God had warned them not to fear the gods of the Amorites in the land where they now lived, but the people did not obey His voice. It is the same accusation already made by the angel back in chapter 2.
  11. Juízes 6:11The angel of the Lord sits down under an oak in Ophrah, and finds Gideon threshing wheat hidden inside a winepress, a low, enclosed spot, just so the Midianites will not see and steal the grain.
  12. Juízes 6:12The angel appears to Gideon and greets him as a mighty man of valor, a greeting that sounds ironic for someone hiding for fear of the enemy.
  13. Juízes 6:13Gideon answers with a question full of doubt: if the Lord is with them, why so much suffering, and where are the wonders their fathers used to tell about, from the exodus out of Egypt?
  14. Juízes 6:14The Lord looks at Gideon and sends him to go in this his might to deliver Israel from the Midianites, making clear that it is He Himself who is sending Gideon on this mission.
  15. Juízes 6:15Gideon answers the call by saying his family is the poorest in Manasseh and that he is the least in his father’s house. This is not false modesty; it is the same hesitation found in other biblical callings, such as Moses’, when an ordinary person is summoned to a task far too big for him.
  16. Juízes 6:16God promises to be with Gideon, assuring him that he will strike down the Midianites as though they were a single man, despite everything Gideon had just said about his own weakness.
  17. Juízes 6:17Gideon asks for a sign to confirm that it is really the Lord speaking with him, before accepting so great a mission.
  18. Juízes 6:18Gideon asks his visitor to wait there until he comes back with an offering, and the angel agrees to wait.
  19. Juízes 6:19Gideon prepares a young goat and unleavened bread, puts the meat in a basket and the broth in a pot, and brings it all out under the oak to offer to the angel.
  20. Juízes 6:20The angel tells Gideon to lay the meat and the bread on a rock and pour out the broth over them, which he does without yet understanding what is about to happen.
  21. Juízes 6:21The angel touches the offering with the tip of his own staff, and fire comes up out of the rock and consumes everything instantly; after that, the angel vanishes from Gideon’s sight.
  22. Juízes 6:22Only at this point does Gideon realize he has been speaking with the angel of the Lord, and he is terrified, thinking that seeing an angel face to face might mean death.
  23. Juízes 6:23The Lord reassures Gideon, telling him that he has peace and will not die, despite this direct encounter with the angel.
  24. Juízes 6:24Gideon builds an altar there to the Lord and calls it Jehovah-shalom, meaning “the Lord is peace,” an altar that, according to the text, still stood in Ophrah at the time the book was written.
  25. Juízes 6:25That same night, God tells Gideon to take his father’s bull and tear down the altar of Baal that belonged to Joash, and also to cut down the sacred pole standing beside it.
  26. Juízes 6:26God also tells Gideon to build a proper altar to the Lord on that same spot, and to offer the bull as a burnt offering using the wood of the pole he is to cut down.
  27. Juízes 6:27Gideon tears down his father’s altar of Baal at night, afraid of the city’s reaction. The text does not hide this fear, which makes the act seem more human than heroic right from the start.
  28. Juízes 6:28In the morning, the men of the city find the altar of Baal torn down, the sacred pole cut down, and the bull already offered on the new altar, everything done before they woke up.
  29. Juízes 6:29The townspeople ask one another who did this, investigate, and discover that it was Gideon, the son of Joash.
  30. Juízes 6:30The men of the city demand that Joash hand over his own son to be put to death, because of his boldness in tearing down the altar of Baal.
  31. Juízes 6:31Joash defends his son by asking whether they themselves intend to plead Baal’s cause; he argues that if Baal is really a god, let him contend for himself against the one who tore down his altar.
  32. Juízes 6:32Because of this, on that day Gideon is given the name Jerubbaal, meaning “Let Baal plead against him,” a direct reference to what Joash had said.
  33. Juízes 6:33The Midianites, Amalekites, and the peoples of the east join together into a single army and camp in the valley of Jezreel, ready for yet another invasion.
  34. Juízes 6:34The Spirit of the Lord comes upon Gideon, and he blows a trumpet to summon the men of his own family to follow him into battle.
  35. Juízes 6:35Gideon sends messengers to the tribes of Manasseh, Asher, Zebulun, and Naphtali, and all of them come out to join him.
  36. Juízes 6:36Gideon asks God for confirmation before acting: he wants to be certain that it is truly by his hand that Israel will be delivered.
  37. Juízes 6:37The test with the fleece of wool is not a lack of faith; it is a request for concrete confirmation before leading others into war. Gideon repeats the test in reverse the next day, as if trying to rule out any natural explanation for the phenomenon.
  38. Juízes 6:38The next morning, exactly as Gideon had asked, the fleece is so soaked with dew that he wrings out of it a bowlful of water, while the ground all around stays dry.
  39. Juízes 6:39Gideon apologizes for pressing further and makes a second request: this time, that the fleece stay dry while only the ground around it is wet with dew, to rule out any natural explanation.
  40. Juízes 6:40God grants this second request as well: that night only the fleece stays dry, while all the ground around it is covered with dew by morning.

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