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Lucas 5

ARC · Chapter 5/24

1E aconteceu que, apertando-o a multidão, para ouvir a palavra de Deus, estava elle junto ao lago de Genezareth;

2E viu estar dois barcos junto á praia do lago; e os pescadores, havendo descido d'elles, estavam lavando as redes.

3E, entrando n'um dos barcos, que era o de Simão, pediu-lhe que o affastasse um pouco da terra; e, assentando-se, ensinava do barco a multidão.

4E, quando acabou de fallar, disse a Simão: Faze-te ao mar alto, e lançae as vossas redes para pescar.

5E, respondendo Simão, disse-lhe: Mestre, havendo trabalhado toda a noite, nada apanhámos; mas, sobre tua palavra, lançarei a rede.

6E, fazendo assim, colheram uma grande quantidade de peixes, e rompia-se-lhes a rede.

7E fizeram signal aos companheiros que estavam no outro barco, para que os fossem ajudar. E foram, e encheram ambos os barcos, de maneira tal que quasi iam a pique.

8E Simão Pedro, vendo isto, prostrou-se aos pés de Jesus, dizendo: Senhor, ausenta-te de mim, que sou um homem peccador.

9Porque o espanto se apoderara d'elle, e de todos os que com elle estavam, por causa da pesca de peixe que haviam feito;

10E, de egual modo, tambem de Thiago e João, filhos de Zebedeo, que eram companheiros de Simão. E disse Jesus a Simão: Não temas: de agora em diante serás pescador de homens.

11E, levando os barcos para terra, deixando tudo, o seguiram.

12E aconteceu que, estando n'uma das cidades, eis que um homem cheio de lepra, vendo a Jesus, prostrou-se sobre o rosto, e rogou-lhe, dizendo: Senhor, se quizeres, bem podes limpar-me.

13E elle, estendendo a mão, tocou-o, dizendo: Quero; sê limpo. E logo a lepra desappareceu d'elle.

14E ordenou-lhe que a ninguem o dissesse. Porém vae, disse, mostra-te ao sacerdote, e offerece, pela tua purificação, o que Moysés determinou, para que lhes sirva de testemunho.

15Porém a sua fama se dilatava ainda mais, e ajuntavam-se muitas gentes para o ouvirem e para serem por elle curados das suas enfermidades.

16Porém elle retirava-se para os desertos, e ali orava.

17E aconteceu que, n'um d'aquelles dias, estava ensinando, e estavam ali assentados phariseos e doutores da lei, que tinham vindo de todas as aldeias da Galilea, e da Judea, e de Jerusalem, e a virtude do Senhor estava com elle para os curar.

18E eis que uns homens transportaram n'uma cama um homem que estava paralytico, e procuravam introduzil-o, e pôl-o diante d'elle;

19E, não achando por onde podessem introduzil-o, por causa da multidão, subiram ao telhado, e pelas telhas o baixaram com a cama, até ao meio, diante de Jesus.

20E, vendo elle a fé d'elles, disse-lhe: Homem, os teus peccados te são perdoados.

21E os escribas e os phariseos começaram a arrazoar, dizendo: Quem é este que diz blasphemias? Quem pode perdoar peccados, senão só Deus?

22Jesus, porém, conhecendo os seus pensamentos, respondeu, e disse-lhes: Que arrazoaes em vossos corações?

23Qual é mais facil? dizer: Os teus peccados te são perdoados; ou dizer: Levanta-te, e anda?

24Ora, para que saibaes que o Filho do homem tem sobre a terra poder de perdoar os peccados (disse ao paralytico), A ti te digo: Levanta-te, toma a tua cama, e vae para tua casa.

25E, levantando-se logo diante d'elles, e tomando a cama em que estava deitado, foi para sua casa, glorificando a Deus.

26E todos ficaram maravilhados, e glorificaram a Deus; e ficaram cheios de temor, dizendo: Hoje vimos prodigios.

27E, depois d'estas coisas, saiu, e viu um publicano, chamado Levi, assentado na recebedoria, e disse-lhe: Segue-me.

28E elle, deixando tudo, levantou-se e o seguiu.

29E fez-lhe Levi um grande banquete em sua casa; e havia ali uma multidão de publicanos e outros que estavam com elles á mesa.

30E os escribas d'elles, e os phariseos, murmuravam contra os seus discipulos, dizendo: Porque comeis e bebeis com publicanos e peccadores?

31E Jesus, respondendo, disse-lhes: Não necessitam de medico os que estão sãos, mas, sim, os que estão enfermos;

32Eu não vim para chamar os justos, mas, sim, os peccadores ao arrependimento.

33Disseram-lhe então elles: Porque jejuam os discipulos de João muitas vezes, e fazem orações, como tambem os dos phariseos, porém os teus comem e bebem?

34Mas elle lhes disse: Podeis vós fazer jejuar os filhos das bodas, emquanto o esposo está com elles?

35Dias virão, porém, em que o esposo lhes será tirado, e então, n'aquelles dias, jejuarão.

36E disse-lhes tambem uma parabola: Ninguem deita remendo de panno novo em vestido velho; d'outra maneira o novo romperá o velho, e o remendo novo não condiz com o velho.

37E ninguem deita vinho novo em odres velhos; d'outra maneira o vinho novo romperá os odres, e entornar-se-ha o vinho, e os odres se estragarão;

38Mas o vinho novo deve deitar-se em odres novos, e ambos juntamente se conservarão.

39E ninguem que beber o velho quer logo o novo, porque diz: Melhor é o velho.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Jesus calls Peter, James, and John after a miraculous catch of fish. He heals a leper and a paralyzed man, calls the tax collector Levi (Matthew) to follow him, and teaches about fasting using the images of new wine and a patched garment.

Explanation

The miraculous catch of fish shows Peter his own smallness before Jesus' power ('depart from me, Lord, for I am a sinful man,' v.8), yet Jesus calls him anyway to become a 'fisher of men.' The healing of the paralyzed man reveals Jesus' authority to forgive sins, something only God could do — hence the Pharisees' reaction. The calling of Levi, a tax collector despised by society, shows that Jesus' call does not depend on a person's religious résumé. Today's application is that no one is beyond the reach of God's call.

Fun facts

  • Tax collectors like Levi worked for the Roman government and were seen as traitors and thieves by their own Jewish countrymen, which makes Jesus' invitation radical.
  • The expression 'new wine into old wineskins' (v.37-38) reflects an actual practice of the time: leather wineskins hardened with age and could burst under the fermentation of wine still in process.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Lucas 5:1The lake of Gennesaret is another name for the Sea of Galilee — the scene shows Jesus’s fame already big enough for the crowd to press in on Him, eager to hear the word of God.
  2. Lucas 5:2The fishermen are washing their nets after a night of work — fishing was usually done at night, when fish were easier to attract and the nets less visible underwater.
  3. Lucas 5:3Jesus uses Simon’s boat as an improvised pulpit, pulling a little away from the shore to teach without being crowded by the multitude gathered on the bank.
  4. Lucas 5:4After teaching, Jesus goes beyond simply borrowing the boat: He tells Simon to head into deeper water and let down the nets again, this time to actually fish.
  5. Lucas 5:5Simon’s reply reveals the doubt of an experienced fisherman, not laziness: they had already worked the whole night, the right time for fishing, with no results at all — even so, he obeys Jesus’s word.
  6. Lucas 5:6The catch is so large the nets begin to break — an immediate, visible confirmation that Jesus’s command was worth following.
  7. Lucas 5:7Both boats fill up with fish so much they nearly sink — a very concrete detail showing just how extraordinary the miracle was.
  8. Lucas 5:8Simon Peter’s reaction, falling at Jesus’s feet and declaring himself a sinner, recalls Old Testament prophets facing a clear manifestation of God’s power — a mix of reverence and fear at being near the sacred.
  9. Lucas 5:9The text explains the reason behind Peter’s reaction: amazement at the sheer number of fish had taken hold of him and everyone there.
  10. Lucas 5:10James and John, sons of Zebedee, are Simon’s partners in fishing — the same group that will later form the closest circle among Jesus’s disciples.
  11. Lucas 5:11Leaving everything — boats, nets, a record catch just made — to follow Jesus shows just how much trust that miracle produced.
  12. Lucas 5:12“Full of leprosy” describes an advanced case of the disease. The man falls down and uses a conditional request, “if thou wilt,” recognizing that the decision to heal him belongs to Jesus alone.
  13. Lucas 5:13Touching a leper would normally leave anyone ritually unclean — Jesus reverses that logic: instead of becoming contaminated, He purifies the man simply by touching him.
  14. Lucas 5:14A priest did not treat leprosy, but he was the one with the authority to examine and officially declare a person clean, allowing them to rejoin the community. Jesus tells the man to carry out this official procedure, which would serve as public proof of the healing.
  15. Lucas 5:15Even after asking the healed leper to keep quiet, Jesus’s fame keeps growing, and ever larger crowds gather to hear Him and be healed.
  16. Lucas 5:16Amid this growing demand, Jesus withdraws alone to deserted places to pray — a pattern Luke shows repeating several times throughout the gospel.
  17. Lucas 5:17The presence of Pharisees and teachers of the law who had come from all over Galilee, Judea, and even Jerusalem shows that Jesus’s reputation had already reached religious leadership across a much wider region than just the local area.
  18. Lucas 5:18Some men try to bring a paralyzed man on a mat to Jesus — their effort is already the first sign of the faith Jesus will praise later.
  19. Lucas 5:19Houses of that era had flat roofs, made of wooden beams covered with clay and branches, and it was usually possible to climb up by an outside staircase. Opening a passage there was hard work, but not impossible — which shows just how determined the paralyzed man’s friends were.
  20. Lucas 5:20Faced with their faith — not only the paralyzed man’s, but that of the people who carried him there — Jesus does something unexpected: instead of healing him right away, He first declares his sins forgiven.
  21. Lucas 5:21To the scribes, sin was a debt owed to God, and only God — through the temple’s sacrificial system — could settle that debt. That is why their reaction is not an overreaction: someone declaring forgiveness of sins on their own authority sounded like they were putting themselves in God’s place.
  22. Lucas 5:22Jesus perceives the scribes’ hostile thoughts without their needing to say anything out loud — this supernatural perception is, on its own, further evidence of unusual authority.
  23. Lucas 5:23Jesus’s question is rhetorical: declaring forgiveness is an invisible claim, impossible to verify on the spot, while telling someone to walk can be checked right there, in front of everyone.
  24. Lucas 5:24“Son of man” is a title Jesus often uses for Himself, taken from the book of Daniel — here He uses the paralyzed man’s visible healing as public proof of an invisible authority, that of forgiving sins.
  25. Lucas 5:25The obedience is immediate and complete: the man gets up, carries his own mat, and goes home praising God — from paralyzed to fully functional, instantly.
  26. Lucas 5:26The crowd’s reaction mixes amazement, praise, and fear — the phrase “we have seen strange things” shows they feel they have witnessed something outside any familiar category.
  27. Lucas 5:27Levi, the tax collector, is called straight out of his own tax booth — a call just as unexpected as the fishermen’s had been before him.
  28. Lucas 5:28Levi’s response follows the same pattern as the fishermen’s: he drops everything, including a stable source of income, to follow Jesus immediately.
  29. Lucas 5:29Eating at someone’s table, in that culture, was a gesture of acceptance and closeness, not just any meal. That is why the Pharisees are bothered: Jesus is not just talking with tax collectors and disreputable people, He is publicly associating with them by sharing a table.
  30. Lucas 5:30Pharisees and their scribes complain about seeing the disciples eat with tax collectors and sinners — in that culture, sharing a table with someone was a gesture of social acceptance, not just a meal.
  31. Lucas 5:31Jesus uses the image of a physician: those who are healthy do not need treatment, only those who are sick — justifying why He seeks out exactly the people religious society rejected.
  32. Lucas 5:32This sentence sums up the target of Jesus’s mission: He did not come to validate those who already considered themselves righteous, He came to call sinners to repentance.
  33. Lucas 5:33The question compares the disciples of John and the Pharisees, who fasted and prayed often, to Jesus’s disciples, who did not follow that practice — setting up the answer about the bridegroom that follows.
  34. Lucas 5:34Guests at a Jewish wedding were excused from fasting for as long as the celebration lasted — it would be strange to fast during a time of celebration. Jesus compares Himself to the bridegroom present at the feast: as long as He is there with the disciples, it makes no sense for them to fast as a sign of mourning or waiting.
  35. Lucas 5:35Jesus anticipates that when the bridegroom (Himself) is taken from them, a veiled reference to His future death, then His disciples will fast as a sign of mourning.
  36. Lucas 5:36The parable of the new patch on an old garment uses a very ordinary everyday scene to show that Jesus’s message is not just an adjustment to the old religion, but something structurally new.
  37. Lucas 5:37Wineskins were leather bags that still had elasticity to stretch as new wine fermented and expanded; an old wineskin had already stretched to its limit and would burst under that pressure. It is a practical, everyday observation — everyone there knew from experience what happened if you used the wrong wineskin.
  38. Lucas 5:38The practical conclusion of the parable of the wineskins: new wine calls for new containers, or both are ruined — reinforcing that the newness Jesus brought needs a new structure to be properly received.
  39. Lucas 5:39This closing comment sounds almost ironic: someone used to old wine thinks it is better and resists trying the new — a subtle comment on how many resisted accepting what Jesus was bringing.

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