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Êxodo 27

ARC · Chapter 27/40

1Farás tambem o altar de madeira de sittim: cinco covados será o comprimento, e cinco covados a largura (será quadrado o altar), e tres covados a sua altura.

2E farás os seus cornos aos seus quatro cantos: os seus cornos serão do mesmo, e o cobrirás de cobre.

3Far-lhe-has tambem as suas caldeirinhas, para recolher a sua cinza, e as suas pás, e as suas bacias, e os seus garfos, e os seus brazeiros: todos os seus vasos farás de cobre.

4Far-lhe-has tambem um crivo de cobre era fórma de rede, e farás a esta rede quatro argolas de metal aos seus quatro cantos,

5E as porás dentro do cerco do altar para baixo, de maneira que a rede chegue até ao meio do altar.

6Farás tambem varaes para o altar, varaes de madeira de sittim, e os cobrirás de cobre.

7E os varaes se metterão nas argolas, de maneira que os varaes estejam de ambos os lados do altar, quando fôr levado.

8Oco de taboas o farás; como se te mostrou no monte, assim o farão.

9Farás tambem o pateo do tabernaculo, ao lado do meio-dia para o sul: o pateo terá cortinas de linho fino torcido; o comprimento de cada lado será de cem covados.

10Tambem as suas vinte columnas e as suas vinte bases serão de cobre: os colchetes das columnas e as suas faixas serão de prata.

11Assim tambem ao lado do norte as cortinas na longura serão de cem covados de comprimento: e as suas vinte columnas e as suas vinte bases serão de cobre; os colchetes das columnas e as suas faixas serão de prata.

12E na largura do pateo ao lado do occidente haverá cortinas de cincoenta covados: as suas columnas dez, e as suas bases dez.

13Similhantemente a largura do pateo ao lado oriental para o levante será de cincoenta covados.

14De maneira que haja quinze covados das cortinas de um lado: suas columnas tres, e as suas bases tres.

15E quinze covados das cortinas ao outro lado: as suas columnas tres, e as suas bases tres.

16E á porta do pateo haverá uma coberta de vinte covados, de azul, e purpura, e carmezim, e de linho fino torcido, de obra de bordador: as suas columnas quatro, e as suas bases quatro.

17Todas as columnas do pateo ao redor serão cingidas de faixas de prata, mas as suas bases de cobre.

18O comprimento do pateo será de cem covados, e a largura de cada banda de cincoenta, e a altura de cinco covados, de linho fino torcido: mas as suas bases serão de cobre.

19No tocante a todos os vasos do tabernaculo em todo o seu serviço, até todos os seus pregos, e todos os pregos do pateo, serão de cobre.

20Tu pois ordenarás aos filhos de Israel que te tragam azeite puro de oliveiras, batido para o candieiro; para fazer arder as lampadas continuamente.

21Na tenda da congregação fóra do véu, que está diante do testemunho, Aarão e seus filhos as porão em ordem, desde a tarde até á manhã, perante o Senhor: um estatuto perpetuo será este pelas suas gerações, aos filhos de Israel.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Instructions are given for building the bronze altar for sacrifices, the tabernacle courtyard with its curtains and pillars, and for the constant supply of oil that would fuel the lamps of the lampstand.

Explanation

This chapter completes the description of the tabernacle's outer structure, beginning with the bronze altar, where animal sacrifices would be offered — the first point of contact between the common people and the sacrificial system that made reconciliation with God possible. The courtyard surrounding the tabernacle, enclosed by fine linen curtains held up by bronze and silver pillars, created a defined space that visually distinguished the sacred territory from the rest of the Israelite camp, without making it entirely inaccessible to the common people. The final instruction to keep the lamps of the lampstand burning 'continually... from evening to morning' (v. 20-21) symbolizes the need for constant, unbroken spiritual watchfulness in worshiping God, a specific responsibility given to Aaron and his sons as priests. This meticulous care for every structural detail reflects the seriousness with which God treated the space set apart for his presence among the people.

Fun facts

  • The bronze altar, with its four 'horns' at the corners (v. 2), carried an important symbolic role beyond the sacrifices themselves — later in the Old Testament, grasping the horns of the altar would become a gesture of seeking refuge and mercy (1 Kings 1:50-51), showing how this object gained additional meaning over the course of Israel's history.
  • The requirement of 'pure oil olive beaten' (v. 20) specifically for the lampstand reflects a high standard of quality, since this type of oil, extracted without excessive heat or pressure, was considered the purest and finest available in ancient olive oil production.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Êxodo 27:1The altar of sacrifice stood outside the tabernacle, made of acacia wood in a square frame about 7 feet 6 inches on each side.
  2. Êxodo 27:2The “horns” were horn-shaped projections at the altar’s four upper corners, made of the same wood structure covered in bronze. In other biblical rituals, it was precisely on these horns that sacrificial blood was applied, a point of symbolic importance for the altar, not just a decorative detail.
  3. Êxodo 27:3A set of auxiliary utensils came with the altar: ash pans, shovels, basins, forks, and firepans, all made of bronze to withstand the heat of the fire.
  4. Êxodo 27:4A bronze grate in the shape of a net was placed inside the altar’s frame, with metal rings at the corners to bear the weight of the fire and the sacrifices.
  5. Êxodo 27:5This grate was positioned halfway up the altar, creating an internal space to hold the coals.
  6. Êxodo 27:6Like other movable pieces of the tabernacle, the altar had wooden poles overlaid with bronze, used to carry it without direct contact.
  7. Êxodo 27:7The poles ran through the altar’s side rings, allowing it to be carried on the shoulders whenever the camp moved.
  8. Êxodo 27:8The altar was built hollow inside, made of fitted boards, following exactly the specific pattern already shown to Moses on the mountain.
  9. Êxodo 27:9Besides the tabernacle itself, an outer courtyard surrounded the whole structure, marked off by fine linen curtains along the south side, 150 feet long.
  10. Êxodo 27:10The pillars that held up these curtains on the south side were bronze, while the finishing details, hooks and bands, were silver.
  11. Êxodo 27:11The north side of the courtyard followed exactly the same measurements and the same material pattern as the south side, with its own twenty pillars.
  12. Êxodo 27:12The west side of the courtyard was narrower, with 75 feet of curtain held up by ten pillars.
  13. Êxodo 27:13The east side, facing the main entrance, was also 75 feet wide, split between the gate and the side curtains.
  14. Êxodo 27:14On each side of the entrance, about 22 feet 6 inches of curtain completed the full width of the courtyard’s east side.
  15. Êxodo 27:15The other side of the entrance followed the same measurement, symmetrically closing off the courtyard’s front.
  16. Êxodo 27:16The courtyard gate itself had a more elaborate embroidered covering than the plain curtains, using the same colored fabrics found in other visible parts.
  17. Êxodo 27:17All the pillars around the entire courtyard followed the same finishing pattern: silver bands at the top and bronze sockets at the bottom.
  18. Êxodo 27:18Sums up the courtyard’s total dimensions: 150 feet long, 75 feet wide, and 7 feet 6 inches high for the curtains enclosing the whole space.
  19. Êxodo 27:19Determines that all the utensils used in the tabernacle’s service, down to the pins used to set up the courtyard, had to be made of bronze.
  20. Êxodo 27:20“Beaten” olive oil was extracted from the first pressings of the olive, without using heat or a heavy mill, producing a purer oil that burned more cleanly. It fed the lamps of the lampstand inside the tabernacle, which had to stay lit continually.
  21. Êxodo 27:21Aaron and his sons had the daily task of keeping those lamps burning through the night, inside the tent. “A statute for ever” means this was not just an order for that moment, but a practice that had to keep being followed by the people’s future generations.

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