Judges 15

KJV · Chapter 15/21

1But it came to pass within a while after, in the time of wheat harvest, that Samson visited his wife with a kid; and he said, I will go in to my wife into the chamber. But her father would not suffer him to go in.

2And her father said, I verily thought that thou hadst utterly hated her; therefore I gave her to thy companion: is not her younger sister fairer than she? take her, I pray thee, instead of her.

3And Samson said concerning them, Now shall I be more blameless than the Philistines, though I do them a displeasure.

4And Samson went and caught three hundred foxes, and took firebrands, and turned tail to tail, and put a firebrand in the midst between two tails.

5And when he had set the brands on fire, he let them go into the standing corn of the Philistines, and burnt up both the shocks, and also the standing corn, with the vineyards and olives.

6Then the Philistines said, Who hath done this? And they answered, Samson, the son in law of the Timnite, because he had taken his wife, and given her to his companion. And the Philistines came up, and burnt her and her father with fire.

7And Samson said unto them, Though ye have done this, yet will I be avenged of you, and after that I will cease.

8And he smote them hip and thigh with a great slaughter: and he went down and dwelt in the top of the rock Etam.

9Then the Philistines went up, and pitched in Judah, and spread themselves in Lehi.

10And the men of Judah said, Why are ye come up against us? And they answered, To bind Samson are we come up, to do to him as he hath done to us.

11Then three thousand men of Judah went to the top of the rock Etam, and said to Samson, Knowest thou not that the Philistines are rulers over us? what is this that thou hast done unto us? And he said unto them, As they did unto me, so have I done unto them.

12And they said unto him, We are come down to bind thee, that we may deliver thee into the hand of the Philistines. And Samson said unto them, Swear unto me, that ye will not fall upon me yourselves.

13And they spake unto him, saying, No; but we will bind thee fast, and deliver thee into their hand: but surely we will not kill thee. And they bound him with two new cords, and brought him up from the rock.

14And when he came unto Lehi, the Philistines shouted against him: and the Spirit of the Lord came mightily upon him, and the cords that were upon his arms became as flax that was burnt with fire, and his bands loosed from off his hands.

15And he found a new jawbone of an ass, and put forth his hand, and took it, and slew a thousand men therewith.

16And Samson said, With the jawbone of an ass, heaps upon heaps, with the jaw of an ass have I slain a thousand men.

17And it came to pass, when he had made an end of speaking, that he cast away the jawbone out of his hand, and called that place Ramath–lehi.

18And he was sore athirst, and called on the Lord, and said, Thou hast given this great deliverance into the hand of thy servant: and now shall I die for thirst, and fall into the hand of the uncircumcised?

19But God clave an hollow place that was in the jaw, and there came water thereout; and when he had drunk, his spirit came again, and he revived: wherefore he called the name thereof En–hakkore, which is in Lehi unto this day.

20And he judged Israel in the days of the Philistines twenty years.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Samson takes revenge on the Philistines by burning their crops with foxes, kills many with the jawbone of a donkey, and is saved from thirst by a spring that God miraculously opens.

Explanation

The cycle of personal revenge between Samson and the Philistines escalates progressively: they burn his wife and father-in-law, he responds with a massacre, they attack Judah, and Judah's own people hand Samson over to avoid greater trouble - showing how violence breeds more violence when driven by personal honor rather than a clear divine mission. Even in the midst of this troubled cycle, God intervenes supernaturally, breaking the ropes that bound Samson and then opening a spring of water when he is about to die of thirst after the victory - a reminder that God can use and sustain imperfect people amid the consequences of their own questionable choices.

Fun facts

  • The place where Samson killed a thousand Philistines with a donkey's jawbone was called 'Ramath-lehi' (jawbone hill), and the spring that followed was called 'En-hakkore' (spring of him who cried out), preserving the memory of the event in the very name of the place.
  • The use of foxes tied in pairs with lit torches was an incendiary war tactic also documented in other ancient Near Eastern sources as a method of destroying enemy farmland.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Judges 15:1After a while, at the time of the wheat harvest, Samson comes back to visit his wife bringing a young goat, but her father does not let him into her room.
  2. Judges 15:2Her father explains that, thinking Samson truly hated her, he had already given the girl to his companion; he offers her younger, prettier sister in her place.
  3. Judges 15:3Samson declares that this time he is free of blame before the Philistines for any harm he does them, since it was they who provoked him first.
  4. Judges 15:4Samson ties lit torches between the tails of three hundred foxes and releases them into the Philistines' fields, a calculated act of revenge meant to destroy crops, vineyards, and olive groves all at once, without any direct confrontation.
  5. Judges 15:5Samson lets the foxes loose with the torches burning through the Philistines' fields, setting fire to both the standing grain and the shocks already cut, as well as the vineyards and olive groves.
  6. Judges 15:6The Philistines find out it was Samson and, learning the reason (his wife given to another man), go up and burn the woman and her father alive, a revenge that only escalates the violence.
  7. Judges 15:7Samson vows that he will only stop after he has avenged himself on the Philistines for this act, making clear the violence is only going to keep escalating.
  8. Judges 15:8Samson attacks the Philistines with great violence, striking them hip and thigh, and then goes down to live in the cleft of the rock of Etam, hiding from the enemy.
  9. Judges 15:9The Philistines go up, camp against Judah, and spread out through Lehi, searching for Samson.
  10. Judges 15:10The men of Judah ask why the Philistines have come to attack, and they answer that it is to capture Samson and pay him back for what he did.
  11. Judges 15:11Three thousand men of Judah go down to the rock of Etam and complain to Samson for putting them in this position under Philistine rule; he answers that he only did to the Philistines what they had done to him.
  12. Judges 15:12The men of Judah tell him they have come to bind him and hand him over to the Philistines; Samson only asks that they themselves not kill him.
  13. Judges 15:13They promise only to bind him and hand him over, without killing him, and they tie him with two new ropes to take him to the Philistines.
  14. Judges 15:14When he arrives at Lehi, the Philistines come out shouting to meet him, but the Spirit of the Lord comes upon Samson with power and the ropes fall apart like burnt thread, freeing his hands.
  15. Judges 15:15Samson finds a fresh jawbone of a donkey, picks it up, and kills a thousand Philistine men with this improvised weapon.
  16. Judges 15:16After the slaughter, Samson declares in a tone of triumph that with a simple donkey's jawbone he has piled up heaps of enemies.
  17. Judges 15:17When he finishes speaking, he throws the jawbone away and names that place Ramath-lehi, a name that recalls the weapon used in the victory.
  18. Judges 15:18Very thirsty after the effort, Samson cries out to the Lord, asking if he is going to die of thirst right after such a great victory given by God.
  19. Judges 15:19God opens a spring in the rock at Lehi, Samson drinks and regains his strength; that is why the place is named En-hakkore, the spring of him who cried out, which still existed at the time the book was written.
  20. Judges 15:20Samson judges Israel for twenty years, even with the Philistines still ruling the region in those days.

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