Esdras 7

ARC · Chapter 7/10

1E passadas estas coisas do reinado d'Artaxerxes, rei da Persia, Esdras, filho de Seraias, filho d'Azarias, filho d'Hilkias,

2filho de Sallum, filho de Zadok, filho d'Ahitub,

3filho d'Amarias, filho d'Azarias, filho de Meraioth,

4filho de Zerachias, filho de Uzi, filho de Bukki,

5filho d'Abisua, filho de Phineas, filho d'Eleazar, filho d'Aarão, o summo sacerdote;

6Este Esdras subiu de Babylonia; e era escriba habil na lei de Moysés, que deu o Senhor Deus d'Israel; e, segundo a mão do Senhor seu Deus, que estava sobre elle, o rei lhe deu tudo quanto lhe pedira.

7Tambem subiram a Jerusalem alguns dos filhos d'Israel, e dos sacerdotes, e dos levitas, e dos cantores, e dos porteiros, e dos nethineos, no anno setimo do rei Artaxerxes.

8E no mez quinto veiu a Jerusalem; que era o setimo anno d'este rei.

9Porque no primeiro dia do primeiro mez foi o principio da subida de Babylonia: e no primeiro dia do quinto mez chegou a Jerusalem, segundo a boa mão do seu Deus sobre elle.

10Porque Esdras tinha preparado o seu coração para buscar a lei do Senhor e para fazel-a e para ensinar em Israel os seus estatutos e os seus direitos.

11Esta é pois a copia da carta que o rei Artaxerxes deu ao sacerdote Esdras, o escriba das palavras dos mandamentos do Senhor, e dos seus estatutos sobre Israel.

12"Artaxerxes, rei dos reis, ao sacerdote Esdras, escriba da lei do Deus do céu, paz perfeita, e em tal tempo.

13Por mim se decreta que no meu reino todo aquelle do povo d'Israel, e dos seus sacerdotes e levitas, que quizer ir comtigo a Jerusalem, vá.

14Porquanto da parte do rei e dos seus sete conselheiros és mandado, para fazeres inquirição em Judah e em Jerusalem, conforme á lei do teu Deus, que está na tua mão;

15E para levares a prata e o oiro que o rei e os seus conselheiros voluntariamente deram ao Deus d'Israel, cuja habitação está em Jerusalem;

16E toda a prata e o oiro que achares em toda a provincia de Babylonia, com as offertas voluntarias do povo e dos sacerdotes, que voluntariamente offerecerem, para a casa de seu Deus, que está em Jerusalem.

17Portanto, logo compra com este dinheiro novilhos, carneiros, cordeiros, com as suas offertas de manjares, e as suas libações, e offerece-as sobre o altar da casa de vosso Deus, que está em Jerusalem.

18Tambem o que a ti e a teus irmãos bem te parecer fazerdes do resto da prata e do oiro, o fareis conforme á vontade do vosso Deus.

19E os vasos que te foram dados para o serviço da casa de teu Deus, restitue-os perante o Deus de Jerusalem.

20E o resto do que fôr necessario para a casa de teu Deus, que te convenha dar, o darás da casa dos thesouros do rei.

21E por mim mesmo, o rei Artaxerxes, se decreta a todos os thesoureiros que estão d'além do rio que tudo quanto vos pedir o sacerdote Esdras, escriba da lei do Deus dos céus, apressuradamente se faça,

22Até cem talentos de prata, e até cem coros de trigo, e até cem batos de vinho, e até cem batos d'azeite; e sal sem conta.

23Tudo quanto se ordenar, segundo o mandado do Deus do céu, promptamente se faça para a casa do Deus do céu: porque para que haveria grande ira sobre o reino do rei e de seus filhos?

24Tambem vos fazemos saber ácerca de todos os sacerdotes e levitas, cantores, porteiros, nethineos, e ministros da casa d'este Deus, que se lhes não possa impôr, nem direito, nem antigo tributo, nem renda.

25E tu, Esdras, conforme á sabedoria do teu Deus, que está na tua mão, põe regedores e juizes, que julguem a todo o povo que está d'além do rio, a todos os que sabem as leis de teu Deus; e ao que as não sabe, as fareis saber.

26E todo aquelle que não fizer a lei do teu Deus e a lei do rei, logo se faça justiça d'elle: quer seja morte, quer degredo, quer multa sobre os seus bens, quer prisão.

27Bemdito seja o Senhor Deus de nossos paes, que tal inspirou ao coração do rei, para ornarmos a casa do Senhor, que está em Jerusalem;

28E que estendeu para mim a sua beneficencia perante o rei e os seus conselheiros e todos os principes poderosos do rei: assim me esforcei, segundo a mão do Senhor sobre mim, e ajuntei d'entre Israel uns chefes para subirem comigo."

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Decades later, Ezra, a priest and scribe skilled in the Law of Moses, travels from Babylon to Jerusalem with authorization from King Artaxerxes to teach the law and organize the people's religious life.

Explanation

Ezra is introduced with a long priestly genealogy that links him to Aaron, establishing his religious authority, and is described as someone who 'prepared his heart to seek the Law of the Lord, to practice it, and to teach it' — an important sequence: first live out the Word, then teach it. King Artaxerxes's letter, reproduced almost in full, shows a surprisingly generous show of support from a pagan ruler toward the Jewish religion, including financial resources and authority to appoint judges. This once again reinforces how God uses authorities outside his people to fulfill his purposes. Today's application is Ezra's model: study, live it out, and only then teach.

Fun facts

  • Ezra's journey took place about 60 years after the dedication of the temple (chapter 6), so there is a large gap in time between chapters 6 and 7 of the book.
  • The title 'a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses' indicates that Ezra belonged to a class of scholars who copied, preserved, and interpreted the sacred texts — an essential profession before the invention of the printing press.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Esdras 7:1The chapter makes a great leap forward in time, decades after the temple's dedication, and introduces Ezra through a long genealogy that traces back to Aaron's priestly family.
  2. Esdras 7:2Ezra's genealogy continues, listing ancestors reaching back through generations of recognized priests in Israel.
  3. Esdras 7:3Three more generations are named, reinforcing that Ezra's authority came from an unbroken and well-documented priestly line.
  4. Esdras 7:4The list of ancestors keeps climbing generation by generation, a common device in the Bible for establishing someone's legitimacy before telling their story.
  5. Esdras 7:5The genealogy ends exactly at Aaron, Israel's first high priest and brother of Moses — proving that Ezra came from the highest possible priestly line.
  6. Esdras 7:6Ezra goes up from Babylon decades after the first wave of returnees, and the text describes him as “a ready scribe in the law of Moses.” He is no ordinary priest: he is an expert in the Torah, which explains why the Persian king trusts him to organize the province's religious and legal life.
  7. Esdras 7:7Traveling with Ezra is a new group of priests, Levites, singers, porters, and Nethinims, decades after the first wave that had returned with Zerubbabel.
  8. Esdras 7:8The journey ends in the fifth month of the seventh year of Artaxerxes's reign, a chronological detail that helps pin down exactly when Ezra reaches Jerusalem.
  9. Esdras 7:9The whole journey, from Babylon to Jerusalem, took about four months — a long trek that the text credits to the good hand of God upon Ezra.
  10. Esdras 7:10This is one of the most quoted verses in the book: Ezra had three commitments, in this order — to seek the law, to do it, and only then to teach it to Israel. The order of the verbs matters as much as the verbs themselves.
  11. Esdras 7:11Here begins the transcription of the official letter King Artaxerxes wrote to Ezra, a document that takes up a good part of the rest of the chapter.
  12. Esdras 7:12Artaxerxes's letter addresses Ezra as “a scribe of the law of the God of heaven” and grants him official authority to act in the empire's name within Judah. It is a rare document: a foreign king formally recognizing another people's law as valid within his own territory.
  13. Esdras 7:13The decree grants total freedom: any Israelite, priest, or Levite who wished to accompany Ezra to Jerusalem had the king's own official permission.
  14. Esdras 7:14Ezra receives an official mission: to inquire, in the name of the king and his seven counselors, whether Judah and Jerusalem were following the law of their own God.
  15. Esdras 7:15The king also has Ezra carry freewill offerings of silver and gold, given by himself and his counselors to the God of Israel.
  16. Esdras 7:16Besides that, Ezra could also collect any freewill offering made by Jews and priests scattered throughout the province of Babylon.
  17. Esdras 7:17This money was to be used at once to buy animals and grain offerings, all meant for the sacrifices on the temple altar in Jerusalem.
  18. Esdras 7:18Whatever money was left over was placed at the disposal of Ezra and his companions, to be used as they saw fit, according to the will of their own God.
  19. Esdras 7:19Ezra also receives the task of formally delivering to the temple the sacred vessels the king had donated for religious service.
  20. Esdras 7:20If anything else was still needed for the temple, the Persian royal treasury itself was to cover the difference, at no cost at all to the Jews.
  21. Esdras 7:21The king directly orders all the treasurers of the region west of the Euphrates to meet any request from Ezra without delay.
  22. Esdras 7:22The decree sets generous supply limits: silver, wheat, wine, and oil in large amounts, and salt with no limit at all.
  23. Esdras 7:23The king insists that everything related to temple worship be provided without delay, out of fear, as he himself puts it, of provoking this God's wrath against his own kingdom.
  24. Esdras 7:24The decree also exempts everyone connected to temple service from taxes: priests, Levites, singers, porters, and Nethinims are freed from any royal tribute.
  25. Esdras 7:25Ezra is also given authority to appoint judges and administrators who know the law of God, charged with teaching that law to those who did not yet know it.
  26. Esdras 7:26The penalties for disobedience ranged from fines to imprisonment, banishment, or death — the Jews' religious law now also carried the force of civil law, backed by the empire itself.
  27. Esdras 7:27Ezra closes this section with a blessing, crediting God for putting it in the king's heart to favor the temple this way. For him, a Persian king's goodwill was no political coincidence, but the direct result of an inspiration that came from God.
  28. Esdras 7:28Ezra ends by recounting that he felt the hand of God upon him throughout this whole process, and he draws on that confidence to gather the leaders who will go up with him to Jerusalem.

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