Esdras 7

BLIVRE · Chapter 7/10

1Passadas estas coisas, no reinado de Artaxerxes, rei da Pérsia, Esdras, filho de Seraías, filho de Azarias, filho de Hilquias,

2filho de Salum, filho de Zadoque, filho de Aitube,

3filho de Amarias, filho de Azarias, filho de Meraiote,

4filho de Zeraías, filho de Uzi, filho de Buqui,

5filho de Abisua, filho de Fineias, filho de Eleazar, filho de Arão, o sumo sacerdote;

6este Esdras subiu da Babilônia; e ele era escriba habilidoso na lei de Moisés, dada pelo SENHOR Deus de Israel; e segundo a mão do SENHOR, seu Deus, sobre ele, o rei lhe deu tudo quanto lhe pedira.

7E subiram com ele a Jerusalém [alguns] dos filhos de Israel, dos sacerdotes, levitas, cantores, porteiros, e servos do templo, no sétimo ano do rei Artaxerxes.

8E ele chegou a Jerusalém no mês quinto, no sétimo ano do rei.

9Pois no primeiro [dia] do mês primeiro, foi o princípio da subida da Babilônia; e ao primeiro do mês quinto chegou a Jerusalém, segundo a boa mão de seu Deus sobre ele.

10Porque Esdras tinha decidido em seu coração buscar a lei do SENHOR, e a praticar; e ensinar a Israel [seus] estatutos e juízos.

11E este é a transcrição da carta que o rei Artaxerxes deu a Esdras, sacerdote e escriba, o escriba das palavras dos mandamentos do SENHOR, e de seus estatutos sobre Israel:

12Artaxerxes, rei de reis, ao sacerdote Esdras, escriba da Lei de Deus do céu. [Paz] completa.

13Por mim é promulgado decreto, que todo aquele em meu reino, do povo de Israel, e de seus sacerdotes e levitas, que quiser ir contigo a Jerusalém, vá.

14Porque de parte do rei e de seus sete conselheiros tu és enviado a investigar a respeito da de Judá e de Jerusalém, conforme a lei de teu Deus que está em tua mão;

15E a levar a prata e o ouro que o rei e seus conselheiros voluntariamente deram ao Deus de Israel, cuja habitação está em Jerusalém;

16E também toda a prata e o ouro que achares em toda a província de Babilônia, com as ofertas voluntárias do povo e dos sacerdotes, que voluntariamente oferecerem para a casa de seu Deus que está em Jerusalém.

17Portanto, com este dinheiro, compra novilhos, carneiros, cordeiros, com seus suas ofertas de alimento e suas ofertas de bebidas, e oferece-os sobre o altar da casa de vosso Deus, que está em Jerusalém.

18Também o que a ti e a teus irmãos parecer bem fazerdes do restante da prata e do ouro, fazei [-o] conforme a vontade de vosso Deus.

19E os utensílios que te foram entregues para o serviço da casa de teu Deus, restitui-os diante do Deus de Jerusalém.

20E o demais que for necessário para a casa de teu Deus que caiba a ti dar, tu o darás da casa dos tesouros do rei.

21E por mim mesmo, o rei Artaxerxes, é dado decreto a todos os tesoureiros que estão além do rio, que tudo quanto o sacerdote Esdras, escriba da lei do Deus dos céus, vos pedir, apressadamente lhe seja concedido;

22Até cem talentos de prata, e até cem coros de trigo, e até cem batos de vinho, e até cem batos de azeite; e sal sem limite.

23Tudo o que for ordenado pelo Deus do céu, prontamente se faça para a casa do Deus do céu; pois para que teria de haver grande ira contra o reino do rei e de seus filhos?

24Também vos fazemos saber, acerca de todos os sacerdotes, levitas, cantores, porteiros, servos do templo, e trabalhadores da casa de Deus, ninguém possa lhes impor tributo, imposto, ou taxa.

25E tu, Esdras, conforme a sabedoria de teu Deus que está contigo, põe oficiais e juízes, que julguem a todo o povo que está além do rio, a todos os que conhecem as Leis de teu Deus; e ao que não as conhecerem, tu lhes ensinará.

26E todo aquele que não cumprir a Lei de teu Deus e a lei do rei, prontamente seja julgado, ou à morte, ou à expulsão, ou à multa, ou à prisão.

27Bendito seja o SENHOR, Deus de nossos pais, que pôs tal coisa no coração do rei, para glorificar a casa do SENHOR, que está em Jerusalém;

28E sobre mim inclinou bondade diante do rei e de seus conselheiros, e de todos os príncipes poderosos do rei. Assim eu me esforcei segundo a mão do SENHOR meu Deus sobre mim, e ajuntei os líderes de Israel para subirem comigo.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Decades later, Ezra, a priest and scribe skilled in the Law of Moses, travels from Babylon to Jerusalem with authorization from King Artaxerxes to teach the law and organize the people's religious life.

Explanation

Ezra is introduced with a long priestly genealogy that links him to Aaron, establishing his religious authority, and is described as someone who 'prepared his heart to seek the Law of the Lord, to practice it, and to teach it' — an important sequence: first live out the Word, then teach it. King Artaxerxes's letter, reproduced almost in full, shows a surprisingly generous show of support from a pagan ruler toward the Jewish religion, including financial resources and authority to appoint judges. This once again reinforces how God uses authorities outside his people to fulfill his purposes. Today's application is Ezra's model: study, live it out, and only then teach.

Fun facts

  • Ezra's journey took place about 60 years after the dedication of the temple (chapter 6), so there is a large gap in time between chapters 6 and 7 of the book.
  • The title 'a scribe skilled in the Law of Moses' indicates that Ezra belonged to a class of scholars who copied, preserved, and interpreted the sacred texts — an essential profession before the invention of the printing press.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Esdras 7:1The chapter makes a great leap forward in time, decades after the temple's dedication, and introduces Ezra through a long genealogy that traces back to Aaron's priestly family.
  2. Esdras 7:2Ezra's genealogy continues, listing ancestors reaching back through generations of recognized priests in Israel.
  3. Esdras 7:3Three more generations are named, reinforcing that Ezra's authority came from an unbroken and well-documented priestly line.
  4. Esdras 7:4The list of ancestors keeps climbing generation by generation, a common device in the Bible for establishing someone's legitimacy before telling their story.
  5. Esdras 7:5The genealogy ends exactly at Aaron, Israel's first high priest and brother of Moses — proving that Ezra came from the highest possible priestly line.
  6. Esdras 7:6Ezra goes up from Babylon decades after the first wave of returnees, and the text describes him as “a ready scribe in the law of Moses.” He is no ordinary priest: he is an expert in the Torah, which explains why the Persian king trusts him to organize the province's religious and legal life.
  7. Esdras 7:7Traveling with Ezra is a new group of priests, Levites, singers, porters, and Nethinims, decades after the first wave that had returned with Zerubbabel.
  8. Esdras 7:8The journey ends in the fifth month of the seventh year of Artaxerxes's reign, a chronological detail that helps pin down exactly when Ezra reaches Jerusalem.
  9. Esdras 7:9The whole journey, from Babylon to Jerusalem, took about four months — a long trek that the text credits to the good hand of God upon Ezra.
  10. Esdras 7:10This is one of the most quoted verses in the book: Ezra had three commitments, in this order — to seek the law, to do it, and only then to teach it to Israel. The order of the verbs matters as much as the verbs themselves.
  11. Esdras 7:11Here begins the transcription of the official letter King Artaxerxes wrote to Ezra, a document that takes up a good part of the rest of the chapter.
  12. Esdras 7:12Artaxerxes's letter addresses Ezra as “a scribe of the law of the God of heaven” and grants him official authority to act in the empire's name within Judah. It is a rare document: a foreign king formally recognizing another people's law as valid within his own territory.
  13. Esdras 7:13The decree grants total freedom: any Israelite, priest, or Levite who wished to accompany Ezra to Jerusalem had the king's own official permission.
  14. Esdras 7:14Ezra receives an official mission: to inquire, in the name of the king and his seven counselors, whether Judah and Jerusalem were following the law of their own God.
  15. Esdras 7:15The king also has Ezra carry freewill offerings of silver and gold, given by himself and his counselors to the God of Israel.
  16. Esdras 7:16Besides that, Ezra could also collect any freewill offering made by Jews and priests scattered throughout the province of Babylon.
  17. Esdras 7:17This money was to be used at once to buy animals and grain offerings, all meant for the sacrifices on the temple altar in Jerusalem.
  18. Esdras 7:18Whatever money was left over was placed at the disposal of Ezra and his companions, to be used as they saw fit, according to the will of their own God.
  19. Esdras 7:19Ezra also receives the task of formally delivering to the temple the sacred vessels the king had donated for religious service.
  20. Esdras 7:20If anything else was still needed for the temple, the Persian royal treasury itself was to cover the difference, at no cost at all to the Jews.
  21. Esdras 7:21The king directly orders all the treasurers of the region west of the Euphrates to meet any request from Ezra without delay.
  22. Esdras 7:22The decree sets generous supply limits: silver, wheat, wine, and oil in large amounts, and salt with no limit at all.
  23. Esdras 7:23The king insists that everything related to temple worship be provided without delay, out of fear, as he himself puts it, of provoking this God's wrath against his own kingdom.
  24. Esdras 7:24The decree also exempts everyone connected to temple service from taxes: priests, Levites, singers, porters, and Nethinims are freed from any royal tribute.
  25. Esdras 7:25Ezra is also given authority to appoint judges and administrators who know the law of God, charged with teaching that law to those who did not yet know it.
  26. Esdras 7:26The penalties for disobedience ranged from fines to imprisonment, banishment, or death — the Jews' religious law now also carried the force of civil law, backed by the empire itself.
  27. Esdras 7:27Ezra closes this section with a blessing, crediting God for putting it in the king's heart to favor the temple this way. For him, a Persian king's goodwill was no political coincidence, but the direct result of an inspiration that came from God.
  28. Esdras 7:28Ezra ends by recounting that he felt the hand of God upon him throughout this whole process, and he draws on that confidence to gather the leaders who will go up with him to Jerusalem.

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