Esdras 8

ARC · Chapter 8/10

1Estes pois são os chefes de seus paes, com as suas genealogias, dos que subiram comigo de Babylonia no reinado do rei Artaxerxes:

2Dos filhos de Phineas, Gersom; dos filhos d'Ithamar, Daniel; dos filhos de David, Hatus;

3Dos filhos de Sechanias, e dos filhos de Pareos, Zacharias; e com elle por genealogias se contaram até cento e cincoenta homens.

4Dos filhos de Pahath-moab, Elie-*hoeni, filho de Zerachias; e com elle duzentos homens.

5Dos filhos de Sechanias, o filho de Jehaziel; e com elle trezentos homens.

6E dos filhos d'Adin, Ebed, filho de Jonathan; e com elle cincoenta homens.

7E dos filhos d'Elam, Jesaias, filho d'Athalias; e com elle setenta homens.

8E dos filhos de Sephatias, Zebadias, filho de Michael; e com elle oitenta homens.

9Dos filhos de Joab, Obadias filho de Jehiel; e com elle duzentos e dezoito homens.

10E dos filhos de Selomith, o filho de Josiphias; e com elle cento e sessenta homens.

11E dos filhos de Bebai, Zacharias, o filho de Bebai; e com elle vinte e oito homens.

12E dos filhos d'Azgad, Johanan, o filho de Katan; e com elle cento e dez homens.

13E dos ultimos filhos d'Adonikam, cujos nomes eram estes: Eliphelet, Jeiel e Semais; e com elles sessenta homens.

14E dos filhos de Bigvai, Uthai e Zabbud; e com elles setenta homens.

15E ajuntei-os para o rio que vae a Ahava, e ficámos ali acampados tres dias: então attentei para o povo e para os sacerdotes, e não achei ali nenhum dos filhos de Levi.

16Enviei pois Eliezer, Ariel, Semaias, e Elnathan, e Jarib, e Elnathan, e Nethan, e Zacharias, e Mesullam, os chefes: como tambem a Joiarib, e a Elnathan, que eram sabios.

17E dei-lhes mandado para Iddo, chefe no logar de Casiphia: e lhes puz palavras na bocca para dizerem a Iddo, seu irmão, e aos nethineos, no logar de Casiphia, que nos trouxessem ministros para a casa do nosso Deus.

18E trouxeram-nos segundo a boa mão de Deus sobre nós, um homem entendido, dos filhos de Machli, filho de Levi, filho de Israel: a saber: Serebias, com os seus filhos e irmãos, dezoito;

19E a Hasabias, e com elle Jesaias, dos filhos de Merari; com seus irmãos e os filhos d'elles, vinte;

20E dos nethineos que David e os principes deram para o ministerio dos levitas, duzentos e vinte nethineos: que todos foram expressos por seus nomes.

21Então apregoei ali um jejum junto ao rio Ahava, para nos humilharmos diante da face de nosso Deus, para lhe pedirmos caminho direito para nós, e para nossos filhos, e para toda a nossa fazenda.

22Porque me envergonhei de pedir ao rei exercito e cavalleiros para nos defenderem do inimigo no caminho: porquanto tinhamos fallado ao rei, dizendo: A mão do nosso Deus é sobre todos os que o buscam para o bem d'elles, mas a sua força e a sua ira sobre todos os que o deixam.

23Nós pois jejuámos, e pedimos isto ao nosso Deus, e moveu-se pelas nossas orações.

24Então separei doze dos maioraes dos sacerdotes: Serebias, Hasabias, e com elles dez dos seus irmãos.

25E pesei-lhes a prata, e o oiro, e os vasos: que era a offerta para a casa de nosso Deus, que offereceram o rei e os seus conselheiros, e os seus principes, e todo o Israel que ali se achou.

26E pesei em suas mãos seiscentos e cincoenta talentos de prata, e em vasos de prata cem talentos, e cem talentos de oiro.

27E vinte taças d'oiro, de mil drachmas, e dois vasos de bom metal lustroso, tão desejavel como oiro.

28E disse-lhes: Consagrados sois do Senhor, e sagrados são estes vasos, como tambem esta prata e este oiro, offerta voluntaria, offerecida ao Senhor Deus de vossos paes,

29Vigiae pois, e guardae-os até que os peseis na presença dos maioraes dos sacerdotes e dos levitas, e dos principes dos paes de Israel, em Jerusalem, nas camaras da casa de Deus.

30Então receberam os sacerdotes e os levitas o peso da prata, e do oiro, e dos vasos, para o trazerem a Jerusalem, á casa de nosso Deus.

31E partimos do rio d'Ahava, no dia doze do primeiro mez, para irmos para Jerusalem: e a mão do nosso Deus estava sobre nós, e livrou-nos da mão dos inimigos, e dos que nos armavam ciladas no caminho.

32E viemos a Jerusalem, e repousámos ali tres dias.

33E no dia quatro se pesou a prata, e o oiro, e os vasos, na casa do nosso Deus, por mão de Meremoth, filho do sacerdote Urias, e com elle Eleazar, filho de Phineas: e com elles Jozabad, filho de Jesué, e Noadias, filho de Binui, levitas;

34Conforme ao numero e conforme ao peso de tudo aquillo; e todo o peso se descreveu no mesmo tempo.

35E os transportados, que vieram do captiveiro, offereceram holocaustos ao Deus de Israel: doze novilhos por todo o Israel, noventa e seis carneiros, setenta e sete cordeiros, e doze bodes em sacrificio pelo peccado: tudo em holocausto ao Senhor.

36Então deram as ordens do rei aos satrapas do rei, e aos governadores de áquem do rio; e ajudaram o povo e a casa de Deus.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Ezra gathers a group of exiles for the journey to Jerusalem, seeks out the Levites who were missing from the group, and decides to fast and pray instead of asking the king for a military escort, trusting in God's protection along the way.

Explanation

Ezra's decision not to ask the Persian king for soldiers to protect the caravan — even while carrying a fortune in gold and silver for the temple — is a public and risky act of faith, since he had told the king that the God of Israel protects those who trust in him. Instead of relying on military strength, the group fasts and prays before setting out. The careful concern for the safe transport of the offerings, with weighing and witnesses, also shows a commitment to transparency and responsibility in handling sacred resources. Today's lesson is the balance between trusting God and acting with practical responsibility.

Fun facts

  • The fast before the journey was held on the banks of a river called Ahava, a common practice at the time for seeking divine direction before important decisions.
  • The journey from Babylon to Jerusalem, about 1,500 km (900 miles), took roughly four months on foot or with pack animals — a long and dangerous trip for those carrying valuable treasures.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Esdras 8:1Here begins the list of family leaders who decided to accompany Ezra in this second great wave of return to Jerusalem.
  2. Esdras 8:2Among the leaders is even a direct descendant of King David, named Hattush, showing that the royal line also lived on among the exiles.
  3. Esdras 8:3Zechariah leads a group of one hundred fifty men, all with documented genealogy, tied to the families of Shechaniah and Pharosh.
  4. Esdras 8:4Two hundred men follow under the leadership of Elihoenai, of the family of Pahath-moab, the same group already named decades earlier in the first wave of return.
  5. Esdras 8:5Three hundred men accompany Jahaziel, another descendant of the family of Shechaniah, forming one of the largest groups on this second journey.
  6. Esdras 8:6A much smaller group, fifty men, travels under the leadership of Ebed, of the family of Adin, already mentioned as well in the list in chapter 2.
  7. Esdras 8:7Seventy men go along with Jeshaiah, of the family of Elam, a name that had already appeared twice in the list of returnees in chapter 2.
  8. Esdras 8:8Eighty men accompany Zebadiah, of the family of Shephatiah, another name that also appears among the first returnees decades earlier.
  9. Esdras 8:9Two hundred eighteen men go along with Obadiah, one of the most numerous groups on this list of Ezra's companions.
  10. Esdras 8:10One hundred sixty men travel under the leadership of the son of Josiphiah, of the family of Shelomith.
  11. Esdras 8:11Twenty-eight men go along with another Zechariah, this time of the family of Bebai, a very small group next to the others already named.
  12. Esdras 8:12One hundred ten men accompany Johanan, of the family of Azgad, one more group organized by family line.
  13. Esdras 8:13This is the same group of Adonikam named back in chapter 2, but now down to only sixty men — the rest of the family that only decides to return decades later.
  14. Esdras 8:14Seventy men go along with Uthai and Zabbud, of the family of Bigvai, another name repeated from the old list in chapter 2, showing how families returned gradually, in different waves.
  15. Esdras 8:15Before setting out, Ezra gathers the group by a river and notices that among them all, there is not a single Levite. He then sends for reinforcements, because Levites were indispensable for the service of the temple then being rebuilt.
  16. Esdras 8:16Ezra sends for a group of wise and respected men, charged with solving an urgent problem he had just noticed.
  17. Esdras 8:17The mission of these men was to go to a leader named Iddo, in the region of Casiphia, and persuade him to send capable servants to work at the temple.
  18. Esdras 8:18The answer to the request comes quickly: Sherebiah arrives, described as “a man of understanding,” bringing eighteen relatives — the group of Levites needed to complete the expedition.
  19. Esdras 8:19Twenty more Levites arrive with Hashabiah and Jeshaiah, of the family of Merari, settling once and for all the problem Ezra had noticed at the start of the chapter.
  20. Esdras 8:20Two hundred twenty Nethinims also arrive, temple servants whose office traced back to an institution set up in the days of King David.
  21. Esdras 8:21Instead of asking the king for an armed escort, Ezra chooses to proclaim a fast, because he had told the king that the hand of God protected those who sought Him. Asking for soldiers after making that public claim would have put him in an awkward spot with the king himself.
  22. Esdras 8:22Ezra explains why he did not ask the king for an armed escort: he himself had said beforehand that God protected those who sought Him, and asking for soldiers after that would have sounded like a lack of faith.
  23. Esdras 8:23Instead of military protection, the group chooses to fast and pray, and the text credits that prayer with their safe arrival at their destination.
  24. Esdras 8:24Ezra chooses twelve trusted leaders among the priests and Levites, specifically charged with handling the transport of the sacred goods.
  25. Esdras 8:25All the gold, silver, and vessels donated by the king, his counselors, and the people are carefully weighed out before being handed over to these twelve men in charge.
  26. Esdras 8:26Before the journey, silver, gold, and vessels are carefully weighed and handed over to trusted priests, who would account for them on arrival in Jerusalem. This strict tracking of weight and destination shows how sacred goods were treated as a collective responsibility, not anyone's personal possession.
  27. Esdras 8:27Among the items are twenty gold bowls and two vessels of fine copper, as precious as gold, probably a highly polished bronze of the finest quality.
  28. Esdras 8:28Ezra formally declares that both the chosen men and the objects themselves were holy to God, turning the transport itself into almost a religious act.
  29. Esdras 8:29He asks for extra vigilance until everything is weighed again, this time before other religious leaders, once already in Jerusalem — a double check against any loss or theft.
  30. Esdras 8:30The twelve chosen men formally accept the responsibility, receiving everything already weighed and catalogued, ready to carry it to its final destination.
  31. Esdras 8:31The caravan finally sets out, and despite the fear of attacks along the way, no one intercepts them — the text attributes this safety to God's direct protection.
  32. Esdras 8:32On reaching Jerusalem, the group rests three days before attending to anything else, a time of recovery after the long journey.
  33. Esdras 8:33On the fourth day, the sacred goods are weighed again, this time by priests and Levites in Jerusalem, closing the loop of security Ezra had set up all the way from Babylon.
  34. Esdras 8:34Every piece is checked and recorded on the spot, confirming that nothing had been lost or swapped during the whole journey.
  35. Esdras 8:35The group that has arrived offers sacrifices on behalf of all Israel, with twelve male goats for a sin offering — once again the number twelve standing for the twelve tribes, even though not all were physically present.
  36. Esdras 8:36Artaxerxes's official letters are delivered to the governors of the region, who then support both the people and the temple project, exactly as the king had ordered.

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