Eclesiastes 6

BLIVRE · Chapter 6/12

1Há um mal que vi abaixo do sol, e é muito frequente entre os homens:

2Um homem a quem Deus deu riquezas, bens, e honra; e nada lhe falta de tudo quanto a sua alma deseja; porém Deus não lhe dá poder para dessas coisas comer; em vez disso, um estranho as come; isso é futilidade e um mal causador de sofrimento.

3Se o homem gerar cem [filhos] , e viver muitos anos, e os dias de seus anos forem muitos, porém se sua alma não se saciar daquilo que é bom, nem tiver sepultamento, digo que ter sido abortado [teria sido] melhor para ele.

4Pois veio em futilidade, e se vai em trevas; e nas trevas seu nome é encoberto.

5[Alguém] que nunca tivesse visto o sol, nem [o] conhecido, teria mais descanso do que ele.

6E ainda que vivesse mil anos duas vezes, e não experimentasse o que é bom, por acaso não vão todos para o mesmo lugar?

7Todo o trabalho do homem é para sua boca; porém sua alma nunca se satisfaz.

8Pois que vantagem tem o sábio sobre o tolo? E que [mais] tem o pobre que sabe como se comportar diante dos vivos?

9Melhor é a vista dos olhos do que o vaguear da cobiça; também isto é fútil [como] perseguir o vento.

10Seja o que for, seu nome já foi chamado; e [já] se sabe o que o homem é; e que não pode disputar contra aquele que é mais poderoso do que ele.

11Pois quanto mais palavras há, maior é a futilidade; e que proveito há [nelas] para o homem?

12Pois quem sabe o que é bom nesta vida para o homem, durante os dias de sua vida de futilidade, os quais ele gasta como sombra? Pois quem contará ao homem o que haverá depois dele abaixo do sol?

📖 Chapter study

Summary

The preacher describes the sad case of a rich man who is unable to enjoy his wealth, saying that a stillborn child would have more rest than he does. He concludes that human desire is never fully satisfied.

Explanation

This chapter intensifies the reflection on the futility of accumulating wealth without purpose: what good is it to have everything if God does not grant the ability to enjoy it? The comparison with the stillborn child, though shocking by modern standards, was an extreme Hebrew rhetorical device used to emphasize that existence without genuine satisfaction is worse than not existing at all. The chapter ends with unanswered rhetorical questions, acknowledging the limits of human knowledge about what is truly good in life. Application for today: gratitude for the little one can genuinely enjoy is worth more than accumulating without limit and without joy.

Fun facts

  • The statement that "all the labour of man is for his mouth" (verse 7) echoes a similar proverb found in ancient Egyptian wisdom texts, showing how these reflections on the limits of human satisfaction were a common theme in the wisdom literature of the ancient Near East.
  • This is one of the shortest chapters in the book, but it functions as a hinge: it closes the first half of reflections on vanity and wealth, opening the way for the practical wisdom counsel of the following chapters.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Eclesiastes 6:1Calling the problem ‘common among men’ already signals that the following example is not a rare, extreme case, but something the Preacher saw happening frequently around him.
  2. Eclesiastes 6:2The Preacher describes a man to whom God gave riches, wealth, and honor, but without giving him the power to actually enjoy any of it, letting someone else enjoy it instead. He calls this situation “an evil disease,” worse even than never having had anything at all.
  3. Eclesiastes 6:3Being denied burial was considered a serious dishonor in the ancient world — saying that not even a hundred children and a long life make up for that loss, together with an unsatisfied soul, is deliberate exaggeration meant to shock the reader.
  4. Eclesiastes 6:4Describing someone whose very name disappears into darkness picks up the theme of being forgotten, now applied to the extreme case of a child stillborn or dying at the very start of life.
  5. Eclesiastes 6:5Saying that whoever never saw the light of day “hath more rest” is a harsh statement, but it follows the logic already established: with no awareness of life, there is also no suffering or dissatisfaction to bear.
  6. Eclesiastes 6:6Multiplying one’s years to the extreme does not solve the problem if the person never experienced real satisfaction — the final fate remains the same as anyone else’s, whether life was long or short.
  7. Eclesiastes 6:7The line “all the labour of man is for his mouth” sums up the idea that people basically work to survive, yet even so their appetite, their desire for more, is never fully filled.
  8. Eclesiastes 6:8Asking what the poor but wise man gains from knowing how to behave well around others picks up the doubt from chapter 2 about whether wisdom truly pays off, since it changes no one’s final fate.
  9. Eclesiastes 6:9Preferring “the sight of the eyes”, what is already in front of you, over desire that always wants more somewhere else, is practical advice against the chronic dissatisfaction that appears several times in the book.
  10. Eclesiastes 6:10Remembering that a human being already has his name and nature defined from the start is a way of saying that arguing with God about one’s own fate does not change the basic condition of being a limited creature.
  11. Eclesiastes 6:11Accumulating more things, more words, or more experiences does not solve the underlying vanity — the verse sums up directly the futility of trying to offset hevel just by piling up more of anything.
  12. Eclesiastes 6:12Comparing life to a fleeting shadow closes the chapter with the same uncertainty from the start of the book: no one knows for sure what is truly worthwhile, nor what will happen after a person is gone.

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