Zacarias 3

ARC · Chapter 3/14

1E me mostrou o summo sacerdote Josué, o qual estava diante do Senhor, e Satanaz estava á sua mão direita, para se lhe oppôr.

2Porém o Senhor disse a Satanaz O Senhor te reprehenda, ó Satanaz, sim, o Senhor, que escolheu Jerusalem, te reprehenda: não é este um tição tirado do fogo?

3Josué estava vestido de vestidos sujos, e estava diante do anjo.

4Então respondeu, e fallou aos que estavam diante d'elle, dizendo: Tira-lhe estes vestidos sujos. E a elle lhe disse: Eis que tenho feito passar de ti a tua iniquidade, e te vestirei de vestidos novos.

5E disse eu: Ponham-lhe uma mitra limpa sobre a sua cabeça. E pozeram uma mitra limpa sobre a sua cabeça, e o vestiram de vestidos: e o anjo do Senhor estava em pé.

6E o anjo do Senhor protestou a Josué, dizendo:

7Assim diz o Senhor dos Exercitos: Se andares nos meus caminhos, e se observares a minha carga, tambem tu julgarás a minha casa, e tambem guardarás os meus atrios, e te darei andaduras entre os que estão aqui.

8Ouve pois, Josué, summo sacerdote, tu e os teus companheiros que se assentam diante de ti, porque são homens portentosos, porque eis que eu farei vir o meu servo, o Renovo.

9Porque eis aqui a pedra que puz diante de Josué: sobre esta pedra unica estarão sete olhos: eis que eu esculpirei a sua esculptura, diz o Senhor dos Exercitos, e tirarei a iniquidade d'esta terra n'um dia.

10N'aquelle dia, diz o Senhor dos Exercitos, cada um de vós convidará o seu companheiro para debaixo da videira e para debaixo da figueira.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Zechariah sees the high priest Joshua standing before the angel of the LORD, accused by Satan, but God purifies him by exchanging his filthy garments for clean ones, and promises to send His servant called 'the Branch.'

Explanation

This vision depicts a heavenly courtroom scene: Joshua, representing the whole people and the priestly system itself, is wearing 'filthy garments,' symbolizing the sin accumulated during the exile, while Satan ('the accuser,' the literal meaning of the name) stands against him. Instead of allowing condemnation, God directly rebukes the accuser and orders the filthy garments to be exchanged for clean ones, a powerful image of forgiveness and unearned restoration. The promise of a future 'Branch' (or sprout), associated with a stone with seven eyes that removes iniquity 'in one day,' is interpreted as a messianic prophecy about Christ, who would bring definitive purification. The application for today: when facing just accusations against our sin, it is God's direct intervention, not our own merit, that clothes us anew and restores us.

Fun facts

  • 'Satan' here is used with the definite article in Hebrew ('ha-satan'), literally meaning 'the accuser' or 'the adversary,' a legal function more than necessarily a proper name in this specific Old Testament context.
  • The title 'the Branch' (or 'sprout') is also used by Jeremiah (23:5) and Isaiah (11:1) to describe the Messiah as a new shoot that would grow from the seemingly cut-off line of David, an agricultural image of hope after apparent destruction.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Zacarias 3:1Third vision: the high priest Joshua stands before God with 'the accuser' (the word used here functions as a title, not a proper name) at his right hand, trying to bring charges against him — a heavenly courtroom scene.
  2. Zacarias 3:2God directly rebukes the accuser, defending Jerusalem as 'a brand plucked out of the fire' — something rescued from destruction, not something to be discarded.
  3. Zacarias 3:3Joshua's filthy garments symbolically represented accumulated guilt — his own, and by extension that of the people he represented as high priest.
  4. Zacarias 3:4Exchanging Joshua's filthy garments for new clothing symbolizes the removal of the priest's guilt (and, through him, that of the whole people) — an act of forgiveness acted out visually.
  5. Zacarias 3:5Placing a clean mitre (the priestly turban) on Joshua's head completes the act of restoration: he is officially reinstated to the priesthood.
  6. Zacarias 3:6The angel of the Lord makes a formal pronouncement to Joshua, a kind of covenant of conditions spelled out in detail in the following verse.
  7. Zacarias 3:7The promise is clear: if Joshua is faithful to his calling, he will have authority over God's house and direct access among the heavenly beings present in the scene.
  8. Zacarias 3:8'The Branch' is a title used by several prophets (Jeremiah among them) for a future descendant of David's line who would restore the people's leadership — it appears here for the first time in the book and returns in chapter 6.
  9. Zacarias 3:9The 'stone with seven eyes' is an enigmatic image, likely representing God's complete watchfulness and care over that place; scholars themselves disagree about exactly what it represents.
  10. Zacarias 3:10The vision ends with a simple image of domestic peace: neighbors inviting one another to sit under their own vine and fig tree — a sign of recovered security.

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