Joshua 7

KJV · Chapter 7/24

1But the children of Israel committed a trespass in the accursed thing: for Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, took of the accursed thing: and the anger of the Lord was kindled against the children of Israel.

2And Joshua sent men from Jericho to Ai, which is beside Beth–aven, on the east side of Beth–el, and spake unto them, saying, Go up and view the country. And the men went up and viewed Ai.

3And they returned to Joshua, and said unto him, Let not all the people go up; but let about two or three thousand men go up and smite Ai; and make not all the people to labour thither; for they are but few.

4So there went up thither of the people about three thousand men: and they fled before the men of Ai.

5And the men of Ai smote of them about thirty and six men: for they chased them from before the gate even unto Shebarim, and smote them in the going down: wherefore the hearts of the people melted, and became as water.

6And Joshua rent his clothes, and fell to the earth upon his face before the ark of the Lord until the eventide, he and the elders of Israel, and put dust upon their heads.

7And Joshua said, Alas, O Lord God, wherefore hast thou at all brought this people over Jordan, to deliver us into the hand of the Amorites, to destroy us? would to God we had been content, and dwelt on the other side Jordan!

8O Lord, what shall I say, when Israel turneth their backs before their enemies!

9For the Canaanites and all the inhabitants of the land shall hear of it, and shall environ us round, and cut off our name from the earth: and what wilt thou do unto thy great name?

10And the Lord said unto Joshua, Get thee up; wherefore liest thou thus upon thy face?

11Israel hath sinned, and they have also transgressed my covenant which I commanded them: for they have even taken of the accursed thing, and have also stolen, and dissembled also, and they have put it even among their own stuff.

12Therefore the children of Israel could not stand before their enemies, but turned their backs before their enemies, because they were accursed: neither will I be with you any more, except ye destroy the accursed from among you.

13Up, sanctify the people, and say, Sanctify yourselves against to morrow: for thus saith the Lord God of Israel, There is an accursed thing in the midst of thee, O Israel: thou canst not stand before thine enemies, until ye take away the accursed thing from among you.

14In the morning therefore ye shall be brought according to your tribes: and it shall be, that the tribe which the Lord taketh shall come according to the families thereof; and the family which the Lord shall take shall come by households; and the household which the Lord shall take shall come man by man.

15And it shall be, that he that is taken with the accursed thing shall be burnt with fire, he and all that he hath: because he hath transgressed the covenant of the Lord, and because he hath wrought folly in Israel.

16So Joshua rose up early in the morning, and brought Israel by their tribes; and the tribe of Judah was taken:

17And he brought the family of Judah; and he took the family of the Zarhites: and he brought the family of the Zarhites man by man; and Zabdi was taken:

18And he brought his household man by man; and Achan, the son of Carmi, the son of Zabdi, the son of Zerah, of the tribe of Judah, was taken.

19And Joshua said unto Achan, My son, give, I pray thee, glory to the Lord God of Israel, and make confession unto him; and tell me now what thou hast done; hide it not from me.

20And Achan answered Joshua, and said, Indeed I have sinned against the Lord God of Israel, and thus and thus have I done:

21When I saw among the spoils a goodly Babylonish garment, and two hundred shekels of silver, and a wedge of gold of fifty shekels weight, then I coveted them, and took them; and, behold, they are hid in the earth in the midst of my tent, and the silver under it.

22So Joshua sent messengers, and they ran unto the tent; and, behold, it was hid in his tent, and the silver under it.

23And they took them out of the midst of the tent, and brought them unto Joshua, and unto all the children of Israel, and laid them out before the Lord.

24And Joshua, and all Israel with him, took Achan the son of Zerah, and the silver, and the garment, and the wedge of gold, and his sons, and his daughters, and his oxen, and his asses, and his sheep, and his tent, and all that he had: and they brought them unto the valley of Achor.

25And Joshua said, Why hast thou troubled us? the Lord shall trouble thee this day. And all Israel stoned him with stones, and burned them with fire, after they had stoned them with stones.

26And they raised over him a great heap of stones unto this day. So the Lord turned from the fierceness of his anger. Wherefore the name of that place was called, The valley of Achor, unto this day.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Achan disobeys and hides objects from Jericho that were meant to be destroyed. Because of this, Israel is defeated at Ai. Achan is identified by lot and stoned along with his family.

Explanation

One man's hidden sin affects the whole community, revealing the strong sense of collective solidarity in the Old Testament: Israel acts and is judged as a single body. The unexpected defeat at Ai, a small city, shocks the people because it contradicts the pattern of previous victories, leading Joshua to seek out the cause before God instead of simply attacking again. The severity of the punishment reflects the seriousness of deliberately breaking a sacred commitment right after the great miracle of the Jordan. The practical lesson is that hidden sins rarely stay isolated - they affect the relationships and communities around them.

Fun facts

  • The name of the valley where Achan was judged, 'Achor,' means 'trouble,' a direct Hebrew wordplay on the verb Joshua uses ('why have you troubled us?').
  • Centuries later, the prophet Hosea (2:15) transforms the Valley of Achor into a symbol of hope, calling it a 'door of hope' for a restored Israel.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Joshua 7:1The verb used here to describe what Achan did, keeping for himself objects from Jericho that should have been destroyed or handed over to the Lord’s treasury, is the same one used for the betrayal of a covenant. This explains why the divine response right after is so harsh.
  2. Joshua 7:2After the victory at Jericho, Joshua sends spies to scout out Ai, a much smaller city, expecting the next conquest to be an easy one.
  3. Joshua 7:3The spies come back confident: since the city is small, they recommend sending only part of the army, without wearing out the whole people for nothing.
  4. Joshua 7:4About three thousand men go up to attack Ai, but, contrary to expectations, they end up fleeing before the city’s defenders.
  5. Joshua 7:5The defeat is unexpected and humiliating: thirty-six soldiers die, and the people’s morale collapses — the same people who had just seen Jericho fall.
  6. Joshua 7:6Joshua reacts with the traditional signs of mourning and despair: he tears his clothes, falls facedown to the ground before the ark, and puts dust on his head, along with the elders of the people.
  7. Joshua 7:7Joshua questions God, almost in despair, asking whether it would not have been better never to have crossed the Jordan, since now they seem to be losing.
  8. Joshua 7:8He feels at a loss for words in the face of the defeat: Israel, coming off victories, has now fled from the enemy.
  9. Joshua 7:9Joshua’s fear is that this defeat will encourage the other peoples to attack Israel, and that it will tarnish God’s own reputation before the nations.
  10. Joshua 7:10God interrupts Joshua’s lament bluntly, asking why he is lying facedown — as if to say that grieving will not solve the problem.
  11. Joshua 7:11God reveals the real reason for the defeat: someone among the people disobeyed, stealing something that should have been entirely devoted to God, and lied about it besides.
  12. Joshua 7:12Because of this hidden sin, the whole people lose God’s protection in battle; the defeat was not a lack of military strength, it was a consequence of disobedience.
  13. Joshua 7:13God tells Joshua to organize the people to find out who sinned, making clear that no one will succeed until the guilty party is identified.
  14. Joshua 7:14The process of identification is done by elimination, starting with the tribes, then the families, then the households, until it comes down to one person.
  15. Joshua 7:15The penalty for whoever is identified is harsh: death by fire, both the person and everything he has, for having broken the covenant with God.
  16. Joshua 7:16Joshua carries out the process the very next morning, and the tribe of Judah is singled out.
  17. Joshua 7:17Within the tribe of Judah, the process points to the family of Zerah, and within it, Zabdi.
  18. Joshua 7:18Finally, the process of elimination narrows down to a single man: Achan, of the family of Zabdi.
  19. Joshua 7:19Joshua asks Achan to confess honestly, giving glory to God instead of hiding what he did.
  20. Joshua 7:20Achan admits it plainly: he sinned against God, without trying to deny it or make excuses.
  21. Joshua 7:21He tells what he did: he saw a beautiful robe, silver, and gold among the spoils of Jericho, coveted them, and hid it all under his own tent.
  22. Joshua 7:22Joshua sends messengers to the tent, and they find exactly what Achan had confessed.
  23. Joshua 7:23The stolen objects are brought and laid out before the Lord and all the people, as public proof of what happened.
  24. Joshua 7:24Achan’s family is taken along with him to be punished, a detail that is troubling because it seems to fall on those who did not commit the theft. In the ancient world, the family shared the legal responsibility of the head of the household, especially when the stolen object was hidden inside his own tent.
  25. Joshua 7:25Joshua confronts Achan before the execution, saying that the same trouble he brought on the people will now fall on him.
  26. Joshua 7:26The place is named the Valley of Achor, recalling the trouble caused by Achan’s sin, and the heap of stones there remains as a permanent memorial.

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