2 Coríntios 2

BLIVRE · Chapter 2/13

1Porém decidi isto mesmo comigo, de não mais vir até vós com tristeza.

2Porque se eu vos entristecer, então quem será o que me alegrará, senão aquele que por mim foi entristecido?

3E isto mesmo vos escrevi, para que quando vier, não tenha tristeza dos que deveriam me alegrar, confiando de vós todos, que minha alegria é [a alegria] de todos vós.

4Porque em muita aflição e angústia de coração eu vos escrevi com muitas lágrimas, não para que vos entristecêsseis, mas para que entendêsseis o amor que tenho em abundância para convosco.

5Porém se alguém [me] entristeceu, não entristeceu a mim [somente] , mas em parte (para que não se exagere) a todos.

6Basta ao tal esta repreensão feita pela maioria.

7De maneira que, ao invés disso, [deveis lhe] perdoar e consolar, para que ele não seja consumido pela excessiva tristeza.

8Por isso vos peço que confirmeis o amor para com ele.

9Pois também para isso eu escrevi, para vos conhecer por meio de prova se vós sois obedientes em tudo.

10E ao que perdoardes alguma coisa, também eu [lhe perdoo] ; pois a quem eu tenho perdoado, se também eu perdoei, por causa de vós [o fiz] na presença de Cristo; para que Satanás não tire proveito de nós.

11Porque não ignoramos seus pensamentos.

12Além disso, quando vim a Troas para [pregar] o Evangelho de Cristo, e abrindo-se porta para mim no Senhor, não tive repouso em meu espírito, por não achar a meu irmão Tito.

13Porém, despedindo-me deles, eu parti para a Macedônia.

14E graças a Deus, que sempre nos faz triunfar em Cristo, e por nós em todo lugar manifesta o cheiro de seu conhecimento.

15Porque para Deus somos o bom cheiro de Cristo, nos que se salvam, e nos que se perdem.

16Para estes certamente cheiro de morte, para a morte; mas para aqueles cheiro de vida, para a vida. E quem é idôneo para estas coisas?

17Porque nós não somos como muitos, que tentam vender a palavra de Deus; mas nós [a] falamos em Cristo, diante de Deus, com sinceridade, como [enviados] de Deus.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Paul explains that he avoided another painful visit to Corinth and asks the church to forgive and comfort someone who had been disciplined, so that he would not be overwhelmed by excessive sorrow. He also speaks of the joy of proclaiming the gospel, comparing it to the fragrance of Christ.

Explanation

This chapter reveals Paul's pastoral heart: after having called for strict discipline against a serious sin (likely the same case from 1 Corinthians 5, or a similar situation), he now asks the church to lovingly restore the repentant person, so that sorrow would not utterly destroy him. This teaches an essential balance between justice and mercy in the life of the community of faith — discipline exists to restore, not to permanently destroy. The beautiful image of the “fragrance of Christ” spreading everywhere describes how a believer's life and preaching have a different effect on different people: to some it is life, to others it is judgment, but the calling remains the same — to proclaim with integrity, regardless of the outcome.

Fun facts

  • The metaphor of the 'sweet fragrance' and the 'triumph' (v.14-16) alludes to Roman triumphal processions, when victorious generals paraded through the city while incense was burned — a vivid image well known to first-century readers.
  • Titus, mentioned here as someone Paul had hoped to meet in Troas, would become a central figure in the following chapters of the letter, serving as a messenger between Paul and the church in Corinth.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 2 Coríntios 2:1Paul explains the decision behind all the tension: he resolved not to visit Corinth again while the conflict lasted, so as not to turn the meeting into a sorrowful one for both sides.
  2. 2 Coríntios 2:2He justifies avoiding the sorrowful visit: if he makes the Corinthians sorrowful, there is no one left to make him glad, since they are precisely the ones who should do that.
  3. 2 Coríntios 2:3He explains why he wrote a severe letter (mentioned further on) instead of visiting in person: so as not to arrive and immediately find sorrow, trusting that his joy is the same joy shared by the whole church.
  4. 2 Coríntios 2:4Paul refers to an earlier letter, written “with many tears,” amid a serious conflict with the church — probably not the same letter that became 1 Corinthians. He explains that the harshness of that letter wasn't meant to hurt, but came from how much he loved the Corinthians.
  5. 2 Coríntios 2:5Paul softens the situation regarding an offender mentioned in the next verse: he says the sorrow caused wasn't only against him personally, but affected, in part, the whole church — avoiding exaggerating the individual's guilt.
  6. 2 Coríntios 2:6He refers to someone the church had already disciplined by majority vote — probably the same person whose offense led to the earlier severe letter — saying the punishment already applied by the many is enough.
  7. 2 Coríntios 2:7Here Paul speaks of someone who had been publicly rebuked by the church — perhaps the same person from the incest case in 1 Corinthians 5, or another case; scholars disagree — and now asks the community to forgive and comfort this person, so that sorrow doesn't overwhelm him.
  8. 2 Coríntios 2:8After asking the church to forgive and comfort the offender, Paul asks for something practical: that they publicly confirm their love for him, so the reconciliation is clear to everyone.
  9. 2 Coríntios 2:9He reveals an additional reason behind the severe letter: it was also a test, to see whether the Corinthians would be obedient in following his guidance even in a difficult situation.
  10. 2 Coríntios 2:10Paul joins in the forgiveness he asks of the Corinthians: whoever they forgive, he also forgives, and he says he does so in the presence of Christ — as a spiritual act, not merely a social one.
  11. 2 Coríntios 2:11He explains the urgent reason to forgive quickly: to keep Satan from using unresolved hurt as an advantage, one of “his devices” to divide the church.
  12. 2 Coríntios 2:12He changes the subject and recounts a travel episode: he arrived in Troas with a good opportunity to preach, “a door was opened” to him — but the next verse reveals that even so, he couldn't find peace of mind.
  13. 2 Coríntios 2:13Despite the opportunity in Troas, Paul was so anxious for lack of news about Titus, who had gone to deal with the situation in Corinth, that he decided to travel on to Macedonia to find him.
  14. 2 Coríntios 2:14After describing his anxiety, Paul changes tone: he thanks God, who always makes him triumph in Christ, comparing the preaching of the gospel to a fragrance that spreads everywhere.
  15. 2 Coríntios 2:15Paul uses the image of a Roman military victory parade, where incense was burned through the streets: the same fragrance smelled like celebration to the victors and like death to the prisoners being led to execution. He compares gospel preaching to that fragrance, which smells like life to some and like judgment to others.
  16. 2 Coríntios 2:16He continues the fragrance image: to those who reject the message, this “savour” represents death; to those who accept it, it represents life — and Paul acknowledges that no one, on their own, is worthy of such a responsibility.
  17. 2 Coríntios 2:17Those “which corrupt the word of God” is an accusation against preachers who treated the gospel like merchandise, charging for it or twisting the message for prestige or money, a common practice among itinerant philosophers of the time. Paul says he is different from that.

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