2 Coríntios 12

BLIVRE · Chapter 12/13

1Verdadeiramente não me convém me orgulhar; porque eu virei para as visões e revelações do Senhor.

2Conheço um homem em Cristo que, catorze anos atrás, foi arrebatado até o terceiro céu (se no corpo, não sei; se fora do corpo, não sei; Deus o sabe).

3E sei que o tal homem (se no corpo, se fora do corpo, não sei; Deus o sabe),

4Foi arrebatado ao paraíso, e ouviu palavras inexprimíveis, que ao homem não é lícito falar.

5D [este] tal eu me orgulharei, mas de mim mesmo não me orgulharei, a não ser em minhas fraquezas.

6Porque se eu quiser me orgulhar, não serei tolo; porque direi a verdade; porém eu me contenho, para que ninguém me considere mais do que aquilo que vê em mim, ou ouve de mim.

7E para que eu não ficasse arrogante pela excelência das revelações, me foi dado um espinho na carne, [que é] um mensageiro de Satanás, para me atormentar, para que eu não ficasse arrogante.

8Três vezes eu orei ao Senhor por causa disso, para que [isso] de afastasse de mim.

9Mas ele me disse: “Minha graça te basta, porque meu poder se aperfeiçoa na fraqueza”. Por isso, com muito prazer, eu me orgulharei nas minhas fraquezas, para que o poder de Cristo habite em mim.

10Por isso tenho prazer nas fraquezas, nos insultos, nas necessidades, nas perseguições, nas angústias por causa de Cristo; porque quando estou fraco, então fico forte.

11Eu me fiz de tolo ao me orgulhar; [mas] vós me obrigastes [a isso] ; porque eu devia ser louvado por vós, pois eu em coisa nenhuma fui inferior aos “superapóstolos”, ainda que eu nada seja.

12Os sinais do [meu] apostolado foram efetuados entre vós em toda paciência, em sinais, milagres e maravilhas.

13Afinal, qual foi a coisa em que fostes inferiores às outras igrejas, a não ser em que eu mesmo não vos fui incômodo? Perdoai-me esta injustiça!

14Eis que estou prestes a vir pela terceira vez até vós, e não vos serei incômodo como um peso. Porque eu não busco o [que é] vosso, mas sim a vós. Porque os filhos não devem guardar bens para os pais, mas sim os pais para os filhos.

15E eu de muita boa vontade me gastarei, e me deixarei gastar por vossas almas, ainda que quanto mais eu vos amo, menos sou amado.

16Mas que assim seja, que eu não fui incômodo para convosco. Mas, como eu era astuto, eu vos tomei por engano!

17Por acaso eu me aproveitei de vós, por meio de alguém que enviei até vós?

18Eu roguei a Tito, e enviei ao irmão com ele; por acaso Tito se aproveitou de vós? Por acaso não andamos nós no mesmo espírito, e nos mesmos passos?

19Pensais ainda que nós nos desculpamos convosco? Falamos diante de Deus em Cristo; e [fazemos] tudo isto, ó amados, para vossa edificação.

20Porque eu temo que, quando vier, eu não vos encontre da maneira que eu quero; e vós me encontreis da maneira que não quereis; para que não [haja] brigas, invejas, iras, rivalidades, difamações, fofocas, arrogâncias e tumultos.

21Para que, quando eu vier outra vez, meu Deus não me humilhe para convosco, e chore por muitos dos que antes pecaram, [e ainda] se não arrependeram da imundícia, e fornicação, e promiscuidade que cometeram.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Paul reluctantly recounts an extraordinary vision in which he was caught up to paradise, but balances that experience with the account of a 'thorn in the flesh' that kept him humble. He reaffirms that he would rather boast in his weaknesses, for in them the power of Christ is made perfect.

Explanation

Paul recounts an extraordinary mystical experience in the third person, perhaps out of humility, showing his discomfort with boasting even about genuine revelations. The “thorn in the flesh,” whose exact nature remains uncertain (physical suffering, personal opposition, or some other difficulty), is presented as something God allowed to prevent excessive pride, even though Paul asked three times for it to be removed. The divine response, “my grace is sufficient for thee: for my strength is made perfect in weakness” (v.9), has become one of the most comforting verses in the Bible for people facing persistent physical or emotional limitations. Today's application teaches that weaknesses and limitations are not necessarily obstacles to God's work, but can become the very place where his power is most clearly displayed.

Fun facts

  • The reference to the 'third heaven' (v.2) reflects a cosmology common in first-century Judaism, which sometimes described multiple heavenly levels, the highest being the place of God's direct presence.
  • Scholars throughout history have proposed various theories about Paul's 'thorn in the flesh,' including eye problems, epilepsy, or chronic migraines, but the biblical text deliberately leaves it unspecified, allowing it to be applied to different kinds of personal suffering.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 2 Coríntios 12:1He acknowledges that continuing to boast brings no benefit, but decides to tell about it anyway: an extraordinary spiritual experience, visions and revelations he received from the Lord.
  2. 2 Coríntios 12:2Paul speaks of himself in the third person, “a man in Christ,” describing a mystical experience of being caught up to “the third heaven,” a Jewish way of describing the highest place, God's presence. He himself isn't sure whether it happened in the body or out of it.
  3. 2 Coríntios 12:3He repeats, almost word for word, the uncertainty from the previous verse about whether the experience was physical or spiritual — Paul genuinely doesn't know, and states this twice.
  4. 2 Coríntios 12:4He describes the destination of this mystical experience as “paradise,” where he heard words he can't even repeat, because it isn't permitted for a human being to speak of them.
  5. 2 Coríntios 12:5He decides to boast about this extraordinary experience indirectly (speaking of “such an one” in the third person), but insists again that, of himself, he only wants to boast about his own weaknesses.
  6. 2 Coríntios 12:6He explains why he doesn't share more details of the vision: even though he has real grounds to boast without exaggerating, he'd rather be judged by what people see and hear from him in practice, not by spiritual experiences impossible to verify.
  7. 2 Coríntios 12:7The phrase “a thorn in the flesh” is one of the most debated expressions in the Bible. Paul never says exactly what it was — some suggest a physical ailment, others an opponent or temptation — only that it was painful enough for him to ask three times for God to remove it.
  8. 2 Coríntios 12:8He tells how he asked God three times for that “thorn in the flesh,” mentioned in the previous verse, to be removed from him.
  9. 2 Coríntios 12:9The answer Paul receives, “My grace is sufficient for thee,” becomes the summary of his whole defense in these chapters: he'd rather boast in his weaknesses because that's where it becomes clear that the power at work in him comes from God, not from himself.
  10. 2 Coríntios 12:10After receiving God's answer in the previous verse (“My grace is sufficient for thee”), Paul says he learned to take pleasure in weaknesses and persecutions, because it's in weakness that he feels most strengthened by Christ.
  11. 2 Coríntios 12:11He acknowledges that talking so much about himself made him “a fool” in boasting, but blames the Corinthians themselves for forcing this situation, since they should have defended Paul instead of leaving him to defend himself alone.
  12. 2 Coríntios 12:12He recalls that he already proved his apostleship through concrete signs, performed among the Corinthians with great patience — miracles and wonders that confirm his apostolic authority.
  13. 2 Coríntios 12:13He asks, with irony, in what way the Corinthians were treated worse than other churches — except that Paul didn't charge them for his support — and offers an “ironic” apology for this one “wrong.”
  14. 2 Coríntios 12:14Paul prepares for his third visit to Corinth and reinforces that he doesn't want their money, comparing himself to a parent who provides for children, not the other way around.
  15. 2 Coríntios 12:15He declares his complete readiness to spend himself, literally and emotionally, for the Corinthians, even while recognizing, with some sadness, that the more he loves them, the less he seems to be loved in return.
  16. 2 Coríntios 12:16He answers another possible accusation: that, even without charging directly, he had used some kind of cunning to take advantage of them in a disguised way.
  17. 2 Coríntios 12:17He challenges the Corinthians to point out any concrete case where he or anyone he sent took financial advantage of them.
  18. 2 Coríntios 12:18He calls on Titus himself as a witness: he asks whether Titus, whom he sent, took advantage of the Corinthians, and reminds them that the two always acted with the same spirit and method.
  19. 2 Coríntios 12:19He clarifies that everything he's said isn't a disguised self-defense, but a statement made before God, in Christ, with the sole purpose of building up the Corinthians.
  20. 2 Coríntios 12:20He reveals his real fear before the visit: not finding the Corinthians as he would like, and being found by them in a way they wouldn't like — he fears quarrels, envy, wrath, gossip, and disorder in the church.
  21. 2 Coríntios 12:21He fears an even greater personal humiliation before God, upon finding Corinthians who sinned before and haven't repented of sexual immorality and dishonesty.

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