1 Reis 16

ARC · Chapter 16/22

1Então veiu a palavra do Senhor a Jehu, filho de Hanani, contra Baása, dizendo:

2Porquanto te levantei do pó, e te puz por chefe sobre o meu povo Israel, e tu andaste no caminho de Jeroboão, e fizeste peccar a meu povo Israel, irritando-me com os seus peccados,

3Eis que tirarei os descendentes de Baása, e os descendentes da sua casa, e farei a tua casa como a casa de Jeroboão, filho de Nebat.

4Quem morrer a Baása na cidade os cães o comerão; e o que d'elle morrer no campo as aves do céu o comerão.

5Quanto ao mais dos successos de Baása, e ao que fez, e a seu poder, porventura não está escripto no livro das chronicas dos reis d'Israel?

6E Baása dormiu com seus paes, e foi sepultado em Tirza: e Ela, seu filho, reinou em seu logar.

7Assim veiu tambem a palavra do Senhor, pelo ministerio do propheta Jehu, filho de Hanani, contra Baása e contra a sua casa; e isso por todo o mal que fizera aos olhos do Senhor, irritando-o com a obra de suas mãos, para ser como a casa de Jeroboão; e porquanto o ferira.

8No anno vinte e seis d'Asa, rei de Judah, Ela, filho de Baása, começou a reinar em Tirza sobre Israel: e reinou dois annos.

9E Zimri, seu servo, chefe de metade dos carros, conspirou contra elle, estando elle em Tirza bebendo e embriagando-se em casa d'Arsa, mordomo em Tirza.

10Entrou pois Zimri, e o feriu, e o matou, no anno vigesimo setimo d'Asa, rei de Judah: e reinou em seu logar.

11E succedeu que, reinando elle, e estando assentado no seu throno, feriu a toda a casa de Baása; não lhe deixou homem algum, nem a seus parentes, nem a seus amigos.

12Assim destruiu Zimri toda a casa de Baása, conforme á palavra do Senhor que fallara pelo ministerio do propheta Jehu, sobre Baása,

13Por todos os peccados de Baása, e os peccados de Ela, seu filho, com que peccaram, e com que fizeram peccar a Israel, irritando ao Senhor Deus d'Israel com as suas vaidades.

14Quanto ao mais dos successos de Ela, e a tudo quanto fez, não está escripto no livro das chronicas dos reis d'Israel?

15No anno vigesimo setimo d'Asa, rei de Judah, reinou Zimri sete dias em Tirza: e o povo estava acampado contra Gibbethon, que era dos philisteos.

16E ouviu dizer o povo que estava acampado: Zimri tem conspirado, e até feriu o rei. Todo o Israel pois no mesmo dia fez rei sobre Israel a Omri, chefe do exercito no arraial.

17E subiu Omri, e todo o Israel com elle, de Gibbethon, e cercaram a Tirza.

18E succedeu que Zimri, vendo que a cidade era tomada, se foi ao paço da casa do rei: e queimou sobre si a casa do rei a fogo, e morreu,

19Por causa dos seus peccados que commettera, fazendo o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor, andando no caminho de Jeroboão, e no seu peccado que fizera, fazendo peccar a Israel.

20Quanto ao mais dos successos de Zimri, e á conspiração que fez porventura não está escripto no livro das chronicas dos reis d'Israel?

21Então o povo d'Israel se dividiu em dois partidos: metade do povo seguia a Tibni, filho de Ginath, para o fazer rei, e a outra metade seguia a Omri.

22Mas o povo que seguia a Omri foi mais forte do que o povo que seguia a Tibni, filho de Ginath: e Tibni morreu, e Omri reinou.

23No anno trinta e um d'Asa, rei de Judah, Omri começou a reinar sobre Israel, e reinou doze annos: e em Tirza reinou seis annos.

24E de Semer comprou o monte de Samaria por dois talentos de prata: e edificou em o monte, e chamou o nome da cidade que edificou do nome de Semer, senhor do monte de Samaria.

25E fez Omri o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor; e fez peior do que todos quantos foram antes d'elle.

26E andou em todos os caminhos de Jeroboão, filho de Nebat, como tambem nos seus peccados com que tinha feito peccar a Israel, irritando ao Senhor Deus d'Israel com as suas vaidades.

27Quanto ao mais dos successos de Omri, ao que fez, e ao seu poder que manifestou, porventura não está escripto no livro das chronicas dos reis d'Israel?

28E Omri dormiu com seus paes, e foi sepultado em Samaria: e Achab, seu filho, reinou em seu logar.

29E Achab, filho de Omri, começou a reinar sobre Israel no anno trigesimo oitavo d'Asa, rei de Judah: e reinou Achab, filho de Omri, sobre Israel em Samaria vinte e dois annos.

30E fez Achab, filho de Omri, o que parecia mal aos olhos do Senhor, mais do que todos os que foram antes d'elle.

31E succedeu que (como se fôra coisa leve andar nos peccados de Jeroboão, filho de Nebat) ainda tomou por mulher a Jezabel, filha de Ethbaal, rei dos sidonios: e foi e serviu a Baal, e se encurvou diante d'elle.

32E levantou um altar a Baal, na casa de Baal que edificara em Samaria.

33Tambem Achab fez um bosque: de maneira que Achab fez muito mais para irritar ao Senhor Deus d'Israel, do que todos os reis de Israel que foram antes d'elle.

34Em seus dias Hiel, o bethelita, edificou a Jericó: morrendo Abiram, seu primogenito a fundou, e morrendo Segub, seu ultimo, poz as suas portas: conforme á palavra do Senhor, que fallara pelo ministerio de Josué, filho de Nun.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

A violent succession of kings overtakes the Northern Kingdom: Baasha is condemned for his sins, his son Elah is assassinated by Zimri, who reigns only seven days before taking his own life, followed by a civil war between Omri and Tibni. Omri prevails, founds Samaria as the capital, and is succeeded by his son Ahab, the worst king Israel had had up to that point, married to Jezebel.

Explanation

This chapter shows the chronic political instability of the Northern Kingdom, marked by coups, assassinations, and civil wars — a stark contrast to the stable Davidic dynasty in Judah, fulfilling the promise that David's house would always have a 'lamp.' Ahab's rise and his marriage to Jezebel, a Phoenician princess devoted to Baal, marks the beginning of the worst period of idolatry in Israel, setting the stage for the dramatic ministry of the prophet Elijah in the chapters that follow.

Fun facts

  • Omri, despite receiving only a few verses in the biblical text, was historically such a significant king that Assyria kept referring to the Northern Kingdom as the 'House of Omri' (Bit-Humri) in its own records for generations after his death.
  • The rebuilding of Jericho mentioned at the end of the chapter literally fulfills the curse Joshua pronounced centuries earlier (Joshua 6:26), including the death of the builder Hiel's two sons exactly as prophesied.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 1 Reis 16:1The word of the LORD comes to the prophet Jehu son of Hanani against Baasha, king of Israel (NORTH).
  2. 1 Reis 16:2God rebukes Baasha: I lifted you up out of the dust and made you leader over My people, but you have walked in Jeroboam’s way and made Israel sin, provoking Me with their sins.
  3. 1 Reis 16:3So I will sweep away Baasha’s descendants and do to his house what I did to Jeroboam’s — the same fate repeating with every new dynasty in Israel.
  4. 1 Reis 16:4Whoever of Baasha’s family dies in the city, the dogs will eat; whoever dies in the field, the birds will eat.
  5. 1 Reis 16:5The rest of Baasha’s deeds, what he did, and his might are recorded in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel.
  6. 1 Reis 16:6Baasha dies and is buried in Tirzah; his son Elah reigns in his place.
  7. 1 Reis 16:7The word of the LORD had also come through the prophet Jehu against Baasha and his house, for all the evil he did and for wiping out Jeroboam’s family, becoming just like it.
  8. 1 Reis 16:8Elah son of Baasha begins to reign over Israel (NORTH) in the twenty-sixth year of Asa king of Judah, and reigns two years.
  9. 1 Reis 16:9Zimri kills King Elah during a drinking bout and seizes the throne, but the army refuses to accept him. Besieged within seven days, he sets fire to the palace himself and dies — one of the shortest, most violent reigns on the whole list of Israel’s kings.
  10. 1 Reis 16:10Zimri strikes down and kills Elah in the twenty-seventh year of Asa, and takes the throne in his place.
  11. 1 Reis 16:11As soon as he sits on the throne, Zimri kills Baasha’s entire family — he doesn’t spare a single male relative or friend.
  12. 1 Reis 16:12So Zimri destroys the whole house of Baasha, exactly as the LORD had spoken through the prophet Jehu.
  13. 1 Reis 16:13This happened because of all the sins Baasha and his son Elah committed, and made Israel commit, provoking the LORD with their idols.
  14. 1 Reis 16:14The rest of Elah’s deeds is recorded in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel.
  15. 1 Reis 16:15Zimri reigns just seven days in Tirzah, while Israel’s army is camped against the Philistine city of Gibbethon.
  16. 1 Reis 16:16On hearing that Zimri has conspired and killed the king, all Israel makes Omri, the army commander, king right there in the camp.
  17. 1 Reis 16:17Omri breaks off the siege of Gibbethon, where the army was, to go after Zimri in Tirzah — the war abroad waits, first it must be settled who rules Israel.
  18. 1 Reis 16:18Seeing that the city has been taken, Zimri goes into the palace stronghold and sets it on fire over himself, dying in the flames.
  19. 1 Reis 16:19This happened because of the sins he committed, doing evil in the LORD’s eyes and walking in Jeroboam’s way that made Israel sin.
  20. 1 Reis 16:20The rest of Zimri’s deeds and his conspiracy are recorded in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel.
  21. 1 Reis 16:21Israel (NORTH) splits into two groups: half follow Tibni son of Ginath to make him king, and the other half follow Omri.
  22. 1 Reis 16:22Omri’s followers prove stronger; Tibni dies, and Omri becomes king, ending the internal struggle for power.
  23. 1 Reis 16:23Omri begins to reign over Israel (NORTH) in the thirty-first year of Asa, reigning twelve years in all, six of them in Tirzah.
  24. 1 Reis 16:24This purchase founds the city that will become the northern kingdom’s permanent capital for the centuries that follow. It takes the name Samaria, inherited from the hill’s previous owner, a man named Shemer.
  25. 1 Reis 16:25Omri does what is evil in the LORD’s eyes, worse than all who came before him — the pattern of decline only gets worse with each king.
  26. 1 Reis 16:26He walks in all of Jeroboam’s ways and his sins, provoking the LORD with their idols.
  27. 1 Reis 16:27The rest of Omri’s deeds, what he did, and the might he showed are in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel.
  28. 1 Reis 16:28Omri dies and is buried in Samaria; his son Ahab reigns in his place.
  29. 1 Reis 16:29Ahab son of Omri begins to reign over Israel (NORTH) in the thirty-eighth year of Asa, reigning twenty-two years in Samaria.
  30. 1 Reis 16:30Ahab does more evil in the LORD’s eyes than all the kings before him — the narrator already marks him as the worst so far.
  31. 1 Reis 16:31Jezebel was a Phoenician princess, and her marriage brought the official worship of Baal right into Israel’s capital. The “grove” mentioned isn’t a forest but the wooden symbol linked to the goddess Asherah, planted beside the altar of Baal.
  32. 1 Reis 16:32He sets up an altar for Baal inside the temple of Baal he built in Samaria — institutionalizing the worship of Baal at the very highest level.
  33. 1 Reis 16:33Ahab also makes a sacred pole for Asherah, provoking the LORD more than any king of Israel before him.
  34. 1 Reis 16:34Joshua had pronounced a curse on whoever rebuilt Jericho, back at the start of the conquest of the land. The text records its fulfillment centuries later, almost like a footnote confirming that the old prophetic word still held.

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