1 Kings 15

KJV · Chapter 15/22

1Now in the eighteenth year of king Jeroboam the son of Nebat reigned Abijam over Judah.

2Three years reigned he in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Maachah, the daughter of Abishalom.

3And he walked in all the sins of his father, which he had done before him: and his heart was not perfect with the Lord his God, as the heart of David his father.

4Nevertheless for David’s sake did the Lord his God give him a lamp in Jerusalem, to set up his son after him, and to establish Jerusalem:

5Because David did that which was right in the eyes of the Lord, and turned not aside from any thing that he commanded him all the days of his life, save only in the matter of Uriah the Hittite.

6And there was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam all the days of his life.

7Now the rest of the acts of Abijam, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? And there was war between Abijam and Jeroboam.

8And Abijam slept with his fathers; and they buried him in the city of David: and Asa his son reigned in his stead.

9And in the twentieth year of Jeroboam king of Israel reigned Asa over Judah.

10And forty and one years reigned he in Jerusalem. And his mother’s name was Maachah, the daughter of Abishalom.

11And Asa did that which was right in the eyes of the Lord, as did David his father.

12And he took away the sodomites out of the land, and removed all the idols that his fathers had made.

13And also Maachah his mother, even her he removed from being queen, because she had made an idol in a grove; and Asa destroyed her idol, and burnt it by the brook Kidron.

14But the high places were not removed: nevertheless Asa’s heart was perfect with the Lord all his days.

15And he brought in the things which his father had dedicated, and the things which himself had dedicated, into the house of the Lord, silver, and gold, and vessels.

16And there was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.

17And Baasha king of Israel went up against Judah, and built Ramah, that he might not suffer any to go out or come in to Asa king of Judah.

18Then Asa took all the silver and the gold that were left in the treasures of the house of the Lord, and the treasures of the king’s house, and delivered them into the hand of his servants: and king Asa sent them to Ben–hadad, the son of Tabrimon, the son of Hezion, king of Syria, that dwelt at Damascus, saying,

19There is a league between me and thee, and between my father and thy father: behold, I have sent unto thee a present of silver and gold; come and break thy league with Baasha king of Israel, that he may depart from me.

20So Ben–hadad hearkened unto king Asa, and sent the captains of the hosts which he had against the cities of Israel, and smote Ijon, and Dan, and Abel–beth–maachah, and all Cinneroth, with all the land of Naphtali.

21And it came to pass, when Baasha heard thereof, that he left off building of Ramah, and dwelt in Tirzah.

22Then king Asa made a proclamation throughout all Judah; none was exempted: and they took away the stones of Ramah, and the timber thereof, wherewith Baasha had builded; and king Asa built with them Geba of Benjamin, and Mizpah.

23The rest of all the acts of Asa, and all his might, and all that he did, and the cities which he built, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Judah? Nevertheless in the time of his old age he was diseased in his feet.

24And Asa slept with his fathers, and was buried with his fathers in the city of David his father: and Jehoshaphat his son reigned in his stead.

25And Nadab the son of Jeroboam began to reign over Israel in the second year of Asa king of Judah, and reigned over Israel two years.

26And he did evil in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the way of his father, and in his sin wherewith he made Israel to sin.

27And Baasha the son of Ahijah, of the house of Issachar, conspired against him; and Baasha smote him at Gibbethon, which belonged to the Philistines; for Nadab and all Israel laid siege to Gibbethon.

28Even in the third year of Asa king of Judah did Baasha slay him, and reigned in his stead.

29And it came to pass, when he reigned, that he smote all the house of Jeroboam; he left not to Jeroboam any that breathed, until he had destroyed him, according unto the saying of the Lord, which he spake by his servant Ahijah the Shilonite:

30Because of the sins of Jeroboam which he sinned, and which he made Israel sin, by his provocation wherewith he provoked the Lord God of Israel to anger.

31Now the rest of the acts of Nadab, and all that he did, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

32And there was war between Asa and Baasha king of Israel all their days.

33In the third year of Asa king of Judah began Baasha the son of Ahijah to reign over all Israel in Tirzah, twenty and four years.

34And he did evil in the sight of the Lord, and walked in the way of Jeroboam, and in his sin wherewith he made Israel to sin.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

A summary of the reigns of Abijam and Asa in Judah, and of Nadab and the beginning of Baasha's reign in Israel. Asa is praised for removing idols and even deposing his own grandmother for idolatry, but uses the temple treasures to buy a military alliance with Syria against Israel.

Explanation

This chapter alternates between the two kingdoms, a pattern the book of Kings uses throughout the narrative to track Judah and Israel side by side. Asa is one of the few kings described as having a heart 'right' before the Lord, though the text is honest about his failure to trust God during the crisis with Baasha, resorting instead to a pagan alliance funded with temple resources rather than seeking divine help. It is a reminder that even generally faithful kings can have moments of weak faith under pressure.

Fun facts

  • Maacah, Asa's grandmother, had made a 'horrible idol' (likely an Asherah image with sexual overtones), and its public destruction by Asa shows the courage to confront even one's own family for the sake of faithfulness to God.
  • 2 Chronicles 16:12 adds that Asa, near the end of his life, suffered a severe disease in his feet and 'yet in his disease he sought not to the Lord, but to the physicians' — a detail that fills out this chapter's brief mention of his illness.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 1 Kings 15:1Kings usually dates each king by the regnal year of the king in the other kingdom, Israel or Judah, a system of synchronizing the two courts. The numbers are hard to reconcile exactly because there were co-regencies, with father and son ruling together for a time, and different ways of counting a king’s first year.
  2. 1 Kings 15:2Abijam reigns three years in Jerusalem; his mother’s name was Maacah, daughter of Abishalom.
  3. 1 Kings 15:3He walked in all the sins his father had committed; his heart was not wholly devoted to the LORD as David’s had been.
  4. 1 Kings 15:4Even so, for David’s sake, God gave him a “light” in Jerusalem, keeping a descendant on the throne and establishing the city.
  5. 1 Kings 15:5For David had done what was right in the LORD’s eyes and never turned aside from anything commanded him, except in the matter of Uriah the Hittite.
  6. 1 Kings 15:6There was war between Rehoboam and Jeroboam all their days — a conflict that carries on even after Rehoboam, now into Abijam’s reign.
  7. 1 Kings 15:7The rest of Abijam’s deeds is in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah; there was also war between him and Jeroboam.
  8. 1 Kings 15:8Abijam dies and is buried in the City of David; his son Asa reigns in his place.
  9. 1 Kings 15:9Asa (the SOUTHERN kingdom, Judah) begins to reign in the twentieth year of Jeroboam as king of Israel (the NORTHERN kingdom).
  10. 1 Kings 15:10Asa reigns forty-one years in Jerusalem; his grandmother’s name was Maacah, daughter of Abishalom.
  11. 1 Kings 15:11Asa does what is right in the LORD’s eyes, as David his ancestor had done.
  12. 1 Kings 15:12He drives the cult prostitutes out of the land and removes all the idols his ancestors had made.
  13. 1 Kings 15:13The queen mother held an official office at court, with real political weight, not just a family title. Asa removes her specifically because of an idol she had made, showing that even that position of power was subject to religious law.
  14. 1 Kings 15:14The high places were not removed, but Asa’s heart remained faithful to the LORD his whole life — a mostly good king, with one persistent flaw.
  15. 1 Kings 15:15He brings into the Temple the things his father had dedicated and the things he himself dedicated: silver, gold, and other articles.
  16. 1 Kings 15:16There was war between Asa (SOUTH, Judah) and Baasha, king of Israel (NORTH), all their days.
  17. 1 Kings 15:17Baasha attacks Judah and fortifies Ramah to keep anyone from entering or leaving Asa’s territory.
  18. 1 Kings 15:18Instead of trusting God alone, Asa uses treasure from the Temple to pay a foreign king to attack Israel from behind. It’s a shrewd political move that works in the short run, but later texts treat it as a lack of faith.
  19. 1 Kings 15:19Asa proposes breaking Baasha’s alliance by offering Ben-hadad a treaty and tribute, asking him to attack Israel on his behalf.
  20. 1 Kings 15:20Ben-hadad agrees and sends his commanders to attack cities of Israel: Ijon, Dan, Abel-beth-maachah, all Cinneroth, and the land of Naphtali.
  21. 1 Kings 15:21On hearing this, Baasha stops fortifying Ramah and pulls back to Tirzah.
  22. 1 Kings 15:22Asa then musters all Judah, without exception, to carry off the stones and timber Baasha had used at Ramah, and uses that material to build Geba of Benjamin and Mizpah.
  23. 1 Kings 15:23The rest of Asa’s deeds, his might, and the cities he built are in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Judah; in old age he suffered from a disease in his feet.
  24. 1 Kings 15:24Asa dies and is buried with his ancestors in the City of David; his son Jehoshaphat reigns in his place.
  25. 1 Kings 15:25Nadab, son of Jeroboam, begins to reign over Israel (NORTH) in the second year of Asa king of Judah (SOUTH), reigning two years.
  26. 1 Kings 15:26He does what is evil in the LORD’s eyes, walking in his father’s ways and in the same sin that made Israel sin.
  27. 1 Kings 15:27Baasha, of the tribe of Issachar, conspires against him and kills him at Gibbethon, a Philistine city, while Nadab and Israel were besieging it.
  28. 1 Kings 15:28Baasha kills him in the third year of Asa and takes the throne in his place.
  29. 1 Kings 15:29As soon as he becomes king, Baasha wipes out Jeroboam’s entire family, leaving no one alive, fulfilling the word the LORD had spoken through Ahijah.
  30. 1 Kings 15:30This happened because of the sins Jeroboam committed and made Israel commit, provoking the LORD’s anger.
  31. 1 Kings 15:31The rest of Nadab’s deeds is recorded in the Book of the Chronicles of the Kings of Israel.
  32. 1 Kings 15:32There was war between Asa (Judah, SOUTH) and Baasha (Israel, NORTH) all their days — the conflict between the two kingdoms keeps going strong.
  33. 1 Kings 15:33In the third year of Asa, Baasha son of Ahijah begins to reign over all Israel (NORTH) in Tirzah, and reigns twenty-four years.
  34. 1 Kings 15:34He too does what is evil in the LORD’s eyes, walking in Jeroboam’s way and the sin that made Israel sin — the northern kingdom repeating the same pattern under a new dynasty.

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