2 Samuel 17

KJV · Chapter 17/24

1Moreover Ahithophel said unto Absalom, Let me now choose out twelve thousand men, and I will arise and pursue after David this night:

2And I will come upon him while he is weary and weak handed, and will make him afraid: and all the people that are with him shall flee; and I will smite the king only:

3And I will bring back all the people unto thee: the man whom thou seekest is as if all returned: so all the people shall be in peace.

4And the saying pleased Absalom well, and all the elders of Israel.

5Then said Absalom, Call now Hushai the Archite also, and let us hear likewise what he saith.

6And when Hushai was come to Absalom, Absalom spake unto him, saying, Ahithophel hath spoken after this manner: shall we do after his saying? if not; speak thou.

7And Hushai said unto Absalom, The counsel that Ahithophel hath given is not good at this time.

8For, said Hushai, thou knowest thy father and his men, that they be mighty men, and they be chafed in their minds, as a bear robbed of her whelps in the field: and thy father is a man of war, and will not lodge with the people.

9Behold, he is hid now in some pit, or in some other place: and it will come to pass, when some of them be overthrown at the first, that whosoever heareth it will say, There is a slaughter among the people that follow Absalom.

10And he also that is valiant, whose heart is as the heart of a lion, shall utterly melt: for all Israel knoweth that thy father is a mighty man, and they which be with him are valiant men.

11Therefore I counsel that all Israel be generally gathered unto thee, from Dan even to Beer–sheba, as the sand that is by the sea for multitude; and that thou go to battle in thine own person.

12So shall we come upon him in some place where he shall be found, and we will light upon him as the dew falleth on the ground: and of him and of all the men that are with him there shall not be left so much as one.

13Moreover, if he be gotten into a city, then shall all Israel bring ropes to that city, and we will draw it into the river, until there be not one small stone found there.

14And Absalom and all the men of Israel said, The counsel of Hushai the Archite is better than the counsel of Ahithophel. For the Lord had appointed to defeat the good counsel of Ahithophel, to the intent that the Lord might bring evil upon Absalom.

15Then said Hushai unto Zadok and to Abiathar the priests, Thus and thus did Ahithophel counsel Absalom and the elders of Israel; and thus and thus have I counselled.

16Now therefore send quickly, and tell David, saying, Lodge not this night in the plains of the wilderness, but speedily pass over; lest the king be swallowed up, and all the people that are with him.

17Now Jonathan and Ahimaaz stayed by En–rogel; for they might not be seen to come into the city: and a wench went and told them; and they went and told king David.

18Nevertheless a lad saw them, and told Absalom: but they went both of them away quickly, and came to a man’s house in Bahurim, which had a well in his court; whither they went down.

19And the woman took and spread a covering over the well’s mouth, and spread ground corn thereon; and the thing was not known.

20And when Absalom’s servants came to the woman to the house, they said, Where is Ahimaaz and Jonathan? And the woman said unto them, They be gone over the brook of water. And when they had sought and could not find them, they returned to Jerusalem.

21And it came to pass, after they were departed, that they came up out of the well, and went and told king David, and said unto David, Arise, and pass quickly over the water: for thus hath Ahithophel counselled against you.

22Then David arose, and all the people that were with him, and they passed over Jordan: by the morning light there lacked not one of them that was not gone over Jordan.

23And when Ahithophel saw that his counsel was not followed, he saddled his ass, and arose, and gat him home to his house, to his city, and put his household in order, and hanged himself, and died, and was buried in the sepulchre of his father.

24Then David came to Mahanaim. And Absalom passed over Jordan, he and all the men of Israel with him.

25And Absalom made Amasa captain of the host instead of Joab: which Amasa was a man’s son, whose name was Ithra an Israelite, that went in to Abigail the daughter of Nahash, sister to Zeruiah Joab’s mother.

26So Israel and Absalom pitched in the land of Gilead.

27And it came to pass, when David was come to Mahanaim, that Shobi the son of Nahash of Rabbah of the children of Ammon, and Machir the son of Ammiel of Lo–debar, and Barzillai the Gileadite of Rogelim,

28Brought beds, and basons, and earthen vessels, and wheat, and barley, and flour, and parched corn, and beans, and lentiles, and parched pulse,

29And honey, and butter, and sheep, and cheese of kine, for David, and for the people that were with him, to eat: for they said, The people is hungry, and weary, and thirsty, in the wilderness.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Ahithophel advises an immediate attack on David, but Hushai (David's secret agent) convinces Absalom to wait and gather a larger army, giving David time to escape. Seeing his counsel rejected, Ahithophel hangs himself. David is warned and crosses the Jordan safely.

Explanation

The text explicitly states that the Lord determined to frustrate Ahithophel's good counsel in order to bring ruin on Absalom — showing God's hand at work behind the scenes of human politics, even through seemingly ordinary decisions. Hushai's loyalty, risking his own life as a spy within Absalom's inner circle, proves decisive in saving David. It is a reminder that God can use ordinary people in strategic positions to fulfill his purposes, even when the situation looks lost.

Fun facts

  • Ahithophel's suicide — putting his house in order before hanging himself — is one of the few suicides described in detail in the Old Testament, reflecting the dishonor he felt at having his counsel publicly rejected.
  • The woman of Bahurim who hides David's messengers in a well and covers it with grain shows how ordinary, unnamed people play crucial roles in biblical history.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 2 Samuel 17:1Ahithophel proposes that Absalom choose twelve thousand men and pursue David that very night.
  2. 2 Samuel 17:2Ahithophel’s plan was simple and efficient: strike David alone while he was tired and without reinforcements, knowing that without the king the rest of the army would scatter on its own — Hushai defeats it not because it was strategically worse, but by appealing to Absalom’s pride in personally leading a larger force.
  3. 2 Samuel 17:3Ahithophel argues that, by killing only the king, all the rest of the people would return peacefully to Absalom’s side.
  4. 2 Samuel 17:4The proposal pleases Absalom and all the elders of Israel present.
  5. 2 Samuel 17:5Even satisfied with the plan, Absalom decides to also call Hushai the Archite to hear his opinion.
  6. 2 Samuel 17:6Absalom repeats Ahithophel’s counsel to Hushai and asks whether they should follow it, or whether Hushai has something different to say.
  7. 2 Samuel 17:7Hushai begins by contradicting Ahithophel, saying that his counsel, this time, was not good.
  8. 2 Samuel 17:8Hushai reminds him that David and his men are seasoned warriors, fierce as a bear robbed of her cubs, and that David would never spend the night exposed with the rest of the people.
  9. 2 Samuel 17:9Hushai warns that David is probably hidden, and that any early setback would spread the rumor that Absalom’s army had been destroyed.
  10. 2 Samuel 17:10Hushai argues that even the bravest men would lose heart, because all Israel knows the reputation of David and his men as warriors.
  11. 2 Samuel 17:11Instead of an immediate attack, Hushai suggests gathering all Israel into a huge multitude, with Absalom himself personally leading the battle.
  12. 2 Samuel 17:12That way, Hushai says, they would fall on David by surprise like dew covering the ground, leaving no survivors.
  13. 2 Samuel 17:13And if David took refuge in a city, Hushai proposes that all Israel drag the entire city down to the valley, leaving not even a stone standing.
  14. 2 Samuel 17:14Absalom and the men of Israel prefer Hushai’s counsel to Ahithophel’s — the text explains that it was the Lord Himself who arranged this to ruin Ahithophel’s good counsel and bring ruin upon Absalom.
  15. 2 Samuel 17:15Hushai secretly informs the priests Zadok and Abiathar which counsel had been given by each of the two.
  16. 2 Samuel 17:16Hushai urgently sends word to David not to spend the night in the wilderness, but to cross over at once to the other side, to avoid being overtaken.
  17. 2 Samuel 17:17Jonathan and Ahimaaz wait near En-rogel, away from the city so as not to be seen, and receive the message through a servant girl.
  18. 2 Samuel 17:18A young man spots them and tells Absalom, but the two manage to escape and hide inside a well in a man’s house at Bahurim.
  19. 2 Samuel 17:19The woman of the house covers the mouth of the well and spreads grain over it, completely hiding the two messengers’ hiding place.
  20. 2 Samuel 17:20Absalom’s servants ask the woman where the two are, and she lies, saying they already crossed the river — and they go back without finding anyone.
  21. 2 Samuel 17:21After the pursuers leave, the two come out of the well and run to warn David about Ahithophel’s plan against him.
  22. 2 Samuel 17:22David and all the people cross the Jordan that same night, and by morning not one of them is left on the other side.
  23. 2 Samuel 17:23Ahithophel hangs himself after seeing his military counsel rejected in favor of Hushai’s — before dying, he sets his house in order, the gesture of someone who treats suicide as a final act of dignity, not uncontrolled despair.
  24. 2 Samuel 17:24David arrives at Mahanaim, while Absalom and all the army of Israel also cross the Jordan behind him.
  25. 2 Samuel 17:25Absalom puts Amasa in Joab’s place as commander of the army — Amasa was Joab’s cousin, related to David’s family through his mother.
  26. 2 Samuel 17:26Israel and Absalom camp in the region of Gilead, already in territory closer to David.
  27. 2 Samuel 17:27On arriving at Mahanaim, David is welcomed by Shobi, Machir, and Barzillai, men from neighboring regions who decide to support him.
  28. 2 Samuel 17:28They bring beds, basins, earthen vessels, along with wheat, barley, flour, and other grains to supply the weary people.
  29. 2 Samuel 17:29They also bring honey, butter, sheep, and cheese, because they knew David’s people were hungry, tired, and thirsty in the wilderness.

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