Josué 23

BLIVRE · Chapter 23/24

1E aconteceu, passados muitos dias depois que o SENHOR deu repouso a Israel de todos os seus inimigos ao redor, que Josué, sendo velho, e cheio de dias,

2Chamou a todo Israel, a seus anciãos, a seus príncipes, a seus juízes e a seus oficiais, e disse-lhes: Eu sou já velho e cheio de dias:

3E vós vistes tudo o que o SENHOR vosso Deus fez com todas estas nações em vossa presença; porque o SENHOR vosso Deus lutou por vós.

4Eis que vos reparti por sorteio, em herança para vossas tribos, estas nações, tanto as destruídas como as que ficam, desde o Jordão até o grande mar até onde o sol se põe.

5E o SENHOR vosso Deus as expulsará de diante de vós, e as lançará de vossa presença: e vós possuireis suas terras, como o SENHOR vosso Deus vos disse.

6Esforçai-vos, pois, muito a guardar e fazer tudo o que está escrito no livro da lei de Moisés, sem apartar-vos dele nem à direita nem à esquerda;

7Que quando entrardes a estas nações que restaram convosco, não façais menção nem jureis pelo nome de seus deuses, nem os sirvais, nem vos inclineis a eles:

8Mas ao SENHOR vosso Deus vos achegareis, como fizestes até hoje;

9Pois o SENHOR expulsou diante de vós grandes e fortes nações, e até hoje ninguém há podido resistir diante de vosso rosto.

10Um homem de vós perseguirá a mil: porque o SENHOR vosso Deus luta por vós, como ele vos disse.

11Portanto, cuidai muito por vossas almas, que ameis ao SENHOR vosso Deus.

12Porque se vos apartardes, e vos achegardes ao que resta daquelas nações que restaram convosco, e se estabelecerdes com elas matrimônios, e entrardes a elas, e elas a vós;

13Sabei que o SENHOR vosso Deus não expulsará mais estas nações diante de vós; antes vos serão por laço, e por tropeço, e por açoite para vossos lados, e por espinhos para vossos olhos, até que pereçais desta boa terra que o SENHOR vosso Deus vos deu.

14E eis que eu estou para entrar hoje pelo caminho de toda a terra: reconhecei, pois, com todo o vosso coração e com toda vossa alma, que não se perdeu uma palavra de todas a boas palavras que o SENHOR vosso Deus disse de vós; todas vieram até vós, nenhuma delas se perdeu.

15Mas será, que quando veio sobre vós toda palavra boa que o SENHOR vosso Deus vos havia dito, assim também o SENHOR trará sobre vós toda palavra má, até destruir-vos de sobre a boa terra que o SENHOR vosso Deus vos deu;

16Quando transgredirdes o pacto do SENHOR vosso Deus que ele vos mandou, indo e honrando deuses alheios, e inclinando-vos a eles. E o furor do SENHOR se inflamará contra vós, e logo perecereis desta boa terra que ele vos deu.

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Summary

Now very old, Joshua gathers the leaders of Israel for his farewell speech, urging them to remain faithful to God and not mix with the remaining nations.

Explanation

Joshua uses his final authority to leave a clear warning: the remaining presence of Canaanite nations in the land, even though subdued, posed a real spiritual risk that Israel would adopt their gods through marriages and alliances. He recalls that 'one man of you shall chase a thousand,' reinforcing that the victories came from the Lord, not from Israel's own strength - and that the same God who fulfilled the promises of blessing would also fulfill the warnings of judgment if there was unfaithfulness. It is a farewell speech centered not on past conquests, but on the ongoing faithfulness required in the future.

Fun facts

  • This speech strongly echoes the tone and final words of Moses in Deuteronomy, showing Joshua consciously following the leadership pattern of his mentor.
  • The expression 'snare and trap' used to describe the influence of the remaining nations (v. 13) is the same image used later in Judges to describe exactly what happened to Israel.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Josué 23:1Joshua, now old, gathers the whole people for a farewell speech, in the same pattern Moses uses in Deuteronomy before his death: an aging leader recalls what God has done and leaves final instructions before stepping off the stage. It was a common way, in the ancient world, to close out someone's leadership without leaving any doubt about what comes next.
  2. Josué 23:2Now old, Joshua gathers the leaders of all Israel for a farewell speech.
  3. Josué 23:3He reminds them that the people themselves witnessed everything God did to the conquered nations, making it clear that it was God who fought for them.
  4. Josué 23:4Joshua recalls that he has already distributed all this land by lot, including territory not yet fully conquered.
  5. Josué 23:5He assures them that God will keep driving out the remaining peoples, allowing Israel to fully take possession of the promised land.
  6. Josué 23:6The main counsel is to stay faithful to the law of Moses, without turning aside to the right or to the left.
  7. Josué 23:7Joshua asks the people not even to mention the names of the gods of the neighboring nations. It's not just about avoiding worship of them — it's about avoiding any familiarity with them at all, like cutting off a temptation at the root before it can take hold.
  8. Josué 23:8The instruction is to keep clinging to God, just as they have done up to that day.
  9. Josué 23:9Joshua recalls that God has already driven out great and powerful nations, and that no one has been able to stand against Israel so far.
  10. Josué 23:10He stresses that Israel's strength in battle never came from the people themselves, but from God fighting for them.
  11. Josué 23:11That's why the main warning is to watch over their own souls in order to keep loving God.
  12. Josué 23:12Joshua warns of the danger of mixing with the peoples still left in the land, forming ties through marriages and alliances.
  13. Josué 23:13If that happens, he warns, God will stop driving out these peoples, who will become a constant trap for Israel.
  14. Josué 23:14Joshua states that not one of God's good promises has failed up to that moment. The same logic will repeat in the verses that follow, but in reverse: if the people break the covenant, the bad things promised will come true with the same certainty.
  15. Josué 23:15Joshua draws a direct parallel: just as all of God's good promises came true, the promises of punishment will also come true if the people disobey.
  16. Josué 23:16The final warning concerns the risk of breaking the covenant with God and following other gods, which would bring divine wrath and expulsion from the conquered land.

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