Atos 19

BLIVRE · Chapter 19/28

1E enquanto Apolo estava em Corinto, aconteceu que, tendo Paulo passado por todas as regiões altas, ele veio a Éfeso; e achando [ali] alguns discípulos,

2Disse-lhes: Vós [já] recebestes o Espírito Santo [desde que] crestes? E eles lhe disseram: Nós nem tínhamos ouvido falar que havia Espírito Santo.

3E ele lhes disse: Em que vós fostes batizados? E eles disseram: No batismo de João.

4Então Paulo disse: João verdadeiramente batizou [com] o batismo do arrependimento, dizendo ao povo que cressem naquele que viria após ele, isto é, em Jesus Cristo.

5Ao ouvirem [isto] , eles foram batizados no nome do Senhor Jesus.

6E Paulo, impondo-lhes as mãos, veio sobre eles o Espírito Santo; e falavam em línguas, e profetizavam.

7E todos os homens eram cerca de doze.

8E ele, entrando na sinagoga, falava ousadamente durante três meses, disputando e persuadindo as coisas do Reino de Deus.

9Mas quando alguns se endureceram, e não creram, e falando mal do Caminho diante da multidão, ele se desviou deles; e separou aos discípulos, disputando a cada dia na escola de um certo Tirano.

10E isto aconteceu durante dois anos; de tal maneira que todos os que habitavam na Ásia tinham ouvido a palavra do Senhor Jesus, tanto judeus como gregos.

11E Deus fazia milagres extraordinários pelas mãos de Paulo,

12De tal maneira que até os lenços e aventais de seu corpo eram levados aos enfermos, e as doenças os deixavam, e os espíritos malignos saíam deles.

13E alguns exorcistas dos judeus, itinerantes, tentaram invocar o nome do Senhor Jesus sobre os que tinham espíritos malignos, dizendo: Nós vos repreendemos por Jesus, a quem Paulo prega.

14E eram sete filhos de Ceva, judeu, chefe dos sacerdotes, os que faziam isto.

15Mas o espírito maligno respondeu: Eu conheço Jesus, e sei quem é Paulo; mas vós, quem sois?

16E o homem em quem estava o espírito maligno saltou sobre eles, e dominando-os, foi mais forte do que eles; de tal maneira que eles fugiram nus e feridos daquela casa.

17E isto se fez conhecido a todos que habitavam em Éfeso, tanto a judeus como a gregos; e caiu temor sobre todos eles; e [assim] foi engrandecido o nome do Senhor Jesus.

18E muitos dos que criam vinham, confessando e declararando as suas atitudes.

19Também muitos dos que praticavam ocultismo trouxeram seus livros, e [os] queimaram na presença de todos; e calcularam o preço deles, e acharam que [custavam] cinquenta mil [moedas] de prata.

20Assim a palavra do Senhor crescia e prevalecia poderosamente.

21E quando se cumpriram estas coisas, Paulo propôs em espírito que, passando pela Macedônia e Acaia, ir até Jerusalém, dizendo: Depois de eu estar lá, também tenho que ver Roma.

22E ele, tendo enviado à Macedônia dois daqueles que o serviam, Timóteo e Erasto, ele ficou por [algum] tempo na Ásia.

23Mas naquele tempo aconteceu um não pequeno alvoroço quanto ao Caminho .

24Porque um certo artífice de prata, de nome Demétrio, que fazia objetos de prata para o templo de Diana , e dava não pouco lucro aos artesãos.

25Aos quais, tendo os reunido com os trabalhadores de semelhantes coisas, disse: Homens, vós sabeis que deste ofício temos nossa prosperidade.

26E vós estais vendo e ouvindo que este Paulo, não somente em Éfeso, mas até quase em toda a Ásia, tem persuadido e apartado uma grande multidão, dizendo que não são deuses os que são feitos com as mãos.

27E não somente há perigo de que isto torne [nosso] ofício em desprezo, mas também que [até] o tempo da grande deusa Diana seja considerado inútil, e que a grandiosidade dela, a quem toda a Ásia e o mundo venera, venha a ser destruída.

28E eles, ao ouvirem [estas coisas] ,encheram-se de ira, e clamaram, dizendo: Grande é a Diana dos efésios!

29E toda a cidade se encheu de tumulto, e em concordância eles invadiram ao teatro, tomando consigo Gaio e Aristarco, macedônios, companheiros de Paulo na viagem.

30E Paulo, querendo comparecer diante do povo, os discípulos não o permitiram.

31E também alguns dos líderes da Ásia, que eram amigos dele, enviaram-lhe [aviso] , rogando[-lhe] para que não se apresentasse no teatro.

32Então gritavam, [alguns de uma maneira] , outros de outra; porque a aglomeração estava confusa; e a maioria não sabia por que causa estavam aglomerados.

33E tiraram da multidão a Alexandre, os judeus o pondo para a frente. E Alexandre, acenando com a mão, queria [se] defender ao povo.

34Mas ao saberem que ele era judeu, levantou-se uma voz de todos, clamando por cerca de duas horas: Grande é a Diana dos efésios!

35E o escrivão, tendo apaziguado a multidão, disse: Homens efésios, quem não sabe que a cidade dos efésios é a guardadora do templo da grande deusa Diana, e da [imagem] que desceu do céu?

36Portanto, sendo que estas coisas não podem ser contraditas, vós deveis vos acalmar, e nada façais precipitadamente;

37Porque vós trouxestes [aqui] estes homens, que nem são sacrílegos, nem blasfemam de vossa deusa.

38Então se Demétrio e os artesãos que estão com ele tem algum assunto contra ele, os tribunais estão abertos, e há procônsules; que se acusem uns aos outros.

39E se procurais alguma outra coisa, será decidido em uma reunião legalizada.

40Porque corremos perigo de que hoje sejamos acusados de rebelião, tendo causa nenhuma para dar como explicação para este tumulto.

41E tendo dito isto, despediu o ajuntamento.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

In Ephesus, Paul baptizes disciples who only knew John's baptism and performs great miracles, including healings through handkerchiefs he had touched. Many burn books of magic, and a riot breaks out because of the craftsmen who make idols of Diana.

Explanation

Ephesus was the center of the cult of Diana (Artemis), with a temple considered one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, so the gospel's impact there had real economic consequences for the craftsmen who sold shrines of the goddess. The public burning of books of magic, valued at an enormous sum, illustrates a conversion that was costly and visible — not merely internal. The riot shows how the Christian message could shake intertwined economic and religious systems, but also how civil authorities (the city clerk) could act with wisdom to prevent violence.

Fun facts

  • The temple of Artemis (Diana) in Ephesus was considered one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World, four times larger than the Parthenon in Athens, confirming the scale of the idol business mentioned in the chapter.
  • The sum of 50,000 pieces of silver from the burned books would equal today decades of wages for an ordinary worker of the time — a sign of how profound people's life change was.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Atos 19:1While Apollos kept preaching in Corinth, Paul finally arrives in Ephesus, fulfilling his earlier promise to return, and finds there a group of disciples with a still-incomplete faith.
  2. Atos 19:2These disciples in Ephesus knew only the baptism of John the Baptist, a movement that predated Jesus and focused on repentance. They had not received the full teaching about the Holy Spirit promised by Jesus.
  3. Atos 19:3These disciples answer Paul that they knew only John’s baptism, showing that their teaching had stalled at a stage prior to Jesus Himself.
  4. Atos 19:4Paul explains that John’s baptism was only a baptism of repentance, preparing the people to believe in the One who would come after him: Jesus.
  5. Atos 19:5After hearing Paul’s explanation, these disciples are baptized again, now in the name of the Lord Jesus. It is one of the few cases in the New Testament of a second baptism, showing that the first one, John’s, was considered incomplete in light of the gospel of Jesus.
  6. Atos 19:6As soon as Paul lays hands on them, the Holy Spirit comes upon them, and they begin to speak in tongues and prophesy, completing what was missing in their faith.
  7. Atos 19:7Luke records the exact size of this group, about twelve men, a detail that helps place the size of the community Paul found.
  8. Atos 19:8Paul returns to his pattern of preaching in the synagogue, this time speaking boldly for three full months about the kingdom of God.
  9. Atos 19:9The school of Tyrannus was probably a lecture hall or classroom rented from a Greek teacher, used by Paul to teach without relying solely on the synagogue, making use of a common rest hour in the city.
  10. Atos 19:10Facing resistance from some, Paul changes location, but the result of two years of preaching is that practically the whole province of Asia hears the message, both Jews and Greeks.
  11. Atos 19:11God works unusual miracles through Paul in Ephesus, even more extraordinary than those already seen in other cities along the journey.
  12. Atos 19:12Handkerchiefs and aprons Paul used every day are carried to the sick as a kind of bridge for faith. Similar to the episode with Peter’s shadow in chapter 5, the text records the fact without explaining the mechanism.
  13. Atos 19:13Some itinerant Jewish exorcists try to copy Paul’s method, invoking the name of Jesus as if it were a generic magic formula, without having real faith in Him.
  14. Atos 19:14Those responsible for this attempt were seven sons of a Jew named Sceva, described as a chief priest, showing that not even religious status guaranteed real spiritual authority.
  15. Atos 19:15The evil spirit recognizes Jesus and knows who Paul is, but questions the authority of these exorcists, who had no relationship with Jesus at all.
  16. Atos 19:16The possessed man attacks the seven exorcists with abnormal strength, leaving them wounded and fleeing the house naked—a humiliating result for those who tried to use the name of Jesus without faith.
  17. Atos 19:17The episode becomes known throughout Ephesus, producing widespread fear and causing the name of Jesus to gain even more respect, even through an event that was embarrassing for the exorcists.
  18. Atos 19:18Many of those who already believed begin publicly confessing occult practices they had still been keeping hidden, a sign of more complete repentance after the episode.
  19. Atos 19:19The extremely high value of fifty thousand pieces of silver was in books of magic and sorcery, burned publicly by the new converts in Ephesus. It shows just how strong the city’s culture of occult practices was, and the gesture symbolized a decisive break with that past.
  20. Atos 19:20The overall result of all this is a strong, visible growth of the Christian message in Ephesus, overcoming the powerful magical culture that existed in the city.
  21. Atos 19:21After all this, Paul is already planning his next steps: passing through Macedonia and Achaia to Jerusalem, and from there, he still intends to visit Rome.
  22. Atos 19:22Paul sends two trusted assistants, Timothy and Erastus, ahead to Macedonia, while he himself stays a while longer in Asia.
  23. Atos 19:23Before he can leave, a great uproar breaks out in Ephesus, directly connected to Christian preaching, referred to here as “the Way.”
  24. Atos 19:24Diana, or Artemis in Greek, was the patron goddess of Ephesus, owner of one of the most famous temples in the ancient world. Craftsmen like Demetrius sold silver miniatures of the temple or the goddess as religious keepsakes, a quite profitable trade that Paul’s preaching threatened.
  25. Atos 19:25Demetrius gathers other craftsmen in the same trade and openly argues that all their financial prosperity depended precisely on the trade tied to the goddess’s cult.
  26. Atos 19:26Demetrius admits, however reluctantly, that Paul had managed to convince many people across almost all of Asia that gods made by human hands were not real gods.
  27. Atos 19:27Demetrius’s fear is twofold: losing his own business of selling temple miniatures, and seeing the fame of the great goddess Diana (Artemis), worshipped throughout the region, diminished.
  28. Atos 19:28Demetrius’s speech works: the crowd of craftsmen becomes furious and begins shouting in unison the phrase that becomes the refrain of the whole uproar that follows.
  29. Atos 19:29Confusion takes over the whole city, and the crowd rushes to the theater, dragging along two of Paul’s traveling companions, Gaius and Aristarchus, even though they had no direct part in the matter.
  30. Atos 19:30Paul wants to appear personally before the angry crowd, but the disciples themselves stop him, fearing for his safety.
  31. Atos 19:31Even important provincial officials, friends of Paul, send word warning him not to risk entering the theater overrun by the crowd.
  32. Atos 19:32The scene at the theater is total chaos: people shouting different things at the same time, and most of them not even knowing why they had gathered there.
  33. Atos 19:33The Jews push a man named Alexander to the front, perhaps trying to publicly distance themselves from the accusation, and he tries to explain himself by motioning for silence.
  34. Atos 19:34As soon as they realize Alexander is a Jew, the crowd ignores him and goes back to shouting the same cry in unison for nearly two hours straight.
  35. Atos 19:35The “town clerk” was a real public office in Ephesus, a kind of chief secretary responsible for administrative order before Rome. He is the one who manages to calm the enraged crowd, fearing the uproar would bring trouble with the Roman authorities.
  36. Atos 19:36The town clerk, who had already begun calming the crowd, asks them to stop acting rashly, since the facts could not really be denied.
  37. Atos 19:37He defends Paul and his companions, saying they had not committed sacrilege or directly blasphemed the goddess, despite the general accusation.
  38. Atos 19:38The clerk points out that proper legal channels existed, such as courts and proconsuls, to settle any real business complaint Demetrius might have.
  39. Atos 19:39Any other matter, he says, should be settled in a legitimate, orderly assembly, not in a street riot.
  40. Atos 19:40The clerk warns that the city itself risked being charged with rioting by the Roman authorities, since there was no legal justification for that out-of-control gathering.
  41. Atos 19:41With this practical argument about the legal risk to the city itself, the clerk manages to disperse the crowd, ending the uproar without further violence.

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