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1 Crônicas 5

BLIVRE · Chapter 5/29

1Quanto aos filhos de Rúben, primogênito de Israel (porque ele era o primogênito, mas como profanou a cama de de seu pai, seu direito de primogenitura foi dado aos filhos de José, filho de Israel; e não foi contado por primogênito.

2Pois Judá foi o mais poderoso sobre seus irmãos, e o líder veio dele; mas o direito de primogenitura pertenceu a José).

3Os filhos de Rúben, primogênito de Israel, foram, pois: Enoque, Palu, Hezrom e Carmi.

4Os filhos de Joel foram: seu filho Semaías, seu filho Gogue, seu filho Simei;

5Seu filho Mica, seu filho Reaías, seu filho Baal;

6Seu filho Beera, o qual foi transportado por Tiglate-Pilneser, rei dos Assírios. Este era um líder dos Rubenitas.

7E seus irmãos por suas famílias, quando foram registrados em suas descendências, tinham por líderes a Jeiel, Zacarias.

8E Belá, filho de Azaz, filho de Sema, filho de Joel. Eles habitaram em Aroer até Nebo e Baal-Meom.

9Habitaram também desde o oriente até a entrada do deserto desde o rio Eufrates; porque seu gado tinha se multiplicado na terra de Gileade.

10E nos dias de Saul fizeram guerra contra os hagarenos, que caíram em suas mãos; e eles habitaram em suas tendas sobre toda a região oriental de Gileade.

11E os filhos de Gade habitaram na vizinhança deles na terra de Basã até Salca.

12E Joel foi o líder em Basã, o segundo Safã, em seguida Janai, e Safate.

13E seus irmãos, segundo as famílias de seus pais, foram sete: Micael, Mesulão, Sebá, Jorai, Jacã, Zia, e Héber.

14Estes foram os filhos de Abiail filho de Huri, filho de Jaroa, filho de Gileade, filho de Micael, filho de Jesisai, filho de Jado, filho de Buz.

15Aí, filho de Abdiel, filho de Guni, foi chefe da casa de seus pais.

16Eles habitaram em Gileade, em Basã, e em suas aldeias, e em todos os campos de Sarom até os seus extremos.

17Todos estes foram contados segundo suas genealogias nos dias de Jotão, rei de Judá, e no dias de Jeroboão, rei de Israel.

18Os filhos de Rúben, e de Gade, e da meia tribo de Manassés, homens guerreiros, homens que traziam escudo e espada, que entesavam arco, e habilidosos em guerra, havia quarenta e quatro mil setecentos e sessenta capazes de ir para a batalha.

19E fizeram guerra contra os Hagarenos, como também a Jetur, Nafis, e Nodabe.

20E foram ajudados contra ele; assim os hagarenos, e todos quantos estavam com eles, foram enregues em suas mãos, porque clamaram a Deus na batalha, e ele lhes atendeu, pois confiaram nele.

21E tomaram seu gado, cinquenta mil de seus camelos, duzentas e cinquenta mil ovelhas, dois mil asnos, e cem mil pessoas.

22E muitos caíram mortos, porque a guerra era de Deus; e habitaram em seus lugares até o cativeiro.

23E os filhos da meia tribo de Manassés habitaram naquela terra, e eles se multiplicaram desde Basã até Baal-Hermom, e Senir e o monte de Hermom.

24E estes foram os cabeças das casas de seus pais: Efer, Isi, Eliel, Azriel, Jeremias, Hodavias, e Jadiel, homens valentes e fortes, homens renomados, e cabeças das casas de seus pais.

25Porém eles transgrediram contra o Deus de seus pais, e se prostituíram seguindo os deuses dos povos da terra, aos quais o SENHOR havia destruído de diante deles.

26Por isso o Deus de Israel despertou ao espírito de Pul, rei da Assíria, e ao espírito de Tiglate-Pilneser, rei da Assíria, o qual levou presos os rubenitas, os gaditas e à meia tribo de Manassés, e os trouxe até Hala, Habor, Hara, e ao rio Gozã, até hoje.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

The genealogies of the tribes of Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh are listed — the tribes that settled east of the Jordan River. The chapter explains why Reuben, though Jacob's firstborn, lost the right of the firstborn, and tells how these tribes were carried into exile by Assyria.

Explanation

The chapter clarifies an important detail of Jacob's story: Reuben, though the eldest son, lost the right of the firstborn for having committed a grave sin against his father (recorded in Genesis 35), and that privilege was transferred to the descendants of Joseph, though the royal line went to Judah. The tribes east of the Jordan lived more exposed to attack, and the text acknowledges with spiritual honesty that their fall into Assyrian exile happened because 'they trespassed against the God of their fathers, and went a whoring after the gods of the people of the land.' It is a reminder that spiritual choices, not just military strength, determined the fate of these communities.

Fun facts

  • The mention of Beerah, a Reubenite leader carried captive by Tiglath-pileser, king of Assyria, is confirmed by Assyrian historical records that mention military campaigns against this region around 733 BC.
  • The tribes east of the Jordan (Reuben, Gad, and the half-tribe of Manasseh) were historically the first to be carried into exile, decades before the fall of the rest of the Northern Kingdom, since they were geographically more exposed to Assyrian invasions coming from the east.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 1 Crônicas 5:1Reuben was Jacob’s first son, but he lost that place of honor for lying with one of his own father’s wives — the episode is in Genesis. Because of this, the birthright ends up split: the practical blessing goes to the sons of Joseph, and political leadership goes to Judah, from whom David comes; no single tribe got the whole package.
  2. 1 Crônicas 5:2This explains why Reuben’s birthright is split in two: political leadership goes to Judah, from whom David comes, but the formal title of firstborn — which carried the right to a double inheritance — stays with Joseph.
  3. 1 Crônicas 5:3The four direct sons of Reuben, the lost firstborn: Hanoch, Pallu, Hezron, and Carmi — the starting point of this tribe’s genealogy before it narrows down to one specific family.
  4. 1 Crônicas 5:4A father-to-son chain begins from Joel — Shemaiah, Gog, Shimei — names that exist only here, setting the stage to reach a better-known leader of the tribe.
  5. 1 Crônicas 5:5The chain continues for three more generations — Micah, Reaia, Baal — until it reaches the next name, which carries an important historical note.
  6. 1 Crônicas 5:6Beerah, chief of the Reubenites, is carried captive by Tilgath-pilneser, king of Assyria — the first concrete mention in the chapter of what will become the fate of this entire tribe, centuries before the final fall of Judah.
  7. 1 Crônicas 5:7After following a single line down to the captivity, the text turns back and lists the relatives of this same branch, with Jeiel and Zechariah as heads of family.
  8. 1 Crônicas 5:8Bela is described as living in a strip of territory running from Aroer to Nebo and Baal-meon — names of cities on the east side of the Jordan, the land that fell to Reuben.
  9. 1 Crônicas 5:9The Reubenites spread eastward, almost as far as the Euphrates River, simply because their cattle had multiplied too much for the land of Gilead — a very practical reason for a territorial expansion.
  10. 1 Crônicas 5:10In the days of King Saul, the Reubenites make war on the Hagarites and win, occupying their tents throughout the eastern part of Gilead — one more quiet territorial conquest within the list.
  11. 1 Crônicas 5:11On the other side, in the land of Bashan as far as Salchah, live the sons of Gad — the list now shifts tribes, showing the two neighboring peoples side by side in the territory east of the Jordan.
  12. 1 Crônicas 5:12The leaders of Gad in this region: Joel as chief, Shapham as second, and Jaanai and Shaphat remaining in the part of Bashan — a leadership structure divided by area.
  13. 1 Crônicas 5:13Seven relatives of Gad, organized by family — one more group of names that serves to record who belonged to this specific line.
  14. 1 Crônicas 5:14A rare genealogical chain, climbing seven generations at once up to an ancestor named Buz — it shows the chronicler’s care in documenting the full root before speaking of the present.
  15. 1 Crônicas 5:15Ahi, grandson of Abdiel, is named as chief of the house of his fathers — one more specific name of leadership within the great clan of Gad.
  16. 1 Crônicas 5:16Gad’s territory spreads across Gilead, Bashan, and their surroundings, reaching all the way to the fields of Sharon — a surprisingly wide grazing area for a single tribe.
  17. 1 Crônicas 5:17The census of these families is dated by two kings at once, Jotham of Judah and Jeroboam of Israel — a way of pinning down the exact time using the rulers of the two kingdoms, already divided.
  18. 1 Crônicas 5:18Reuben, Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh together muster almost forty-five thousand men of war, trained with shield, sword, and bow — the picture of a considerable military force in the lands east of the Jordan.
  19. 1 Crônicas 5:19These tribes go to war against the Hagarites and other neighboring Arab peoples, Jetur, Nephish, and Nodab — descendants of Ishmael, according to the genealogy in Genesis.
  20. 1 Crônicas 5:20The victory comes because, in the middle of the battle, they cry out to God and trust in Him — the text makes clear that divine help, not just military strength, is the real reason for the victory over the Hagarites.
  21. 1 Crônicas 5:21The text says they cried out to God in the middle of the battle against the Hagarites, and that is why they won — and right after come huge numbers of animals and prisoners taken as plunder. Such high numbers are common in this kind of war account in Chronicles, and scholars still debate today how to read certain Hebrew counting words in ancient texts like this one.
  22. 1 Crônicas 5:22Many enemies fall dead because, according to the text, “the war was of God” — and the tribes east of the Jordan go on living in these conquered lands until the day, centuries later, when they are carried into captivity.
  23. 1 Crônicas 5:23The half tribe of Manasseh occupies an even larger territory, from Bashan to Mount Hermon, and the text records that this part of the tribe grew considerably in this region.
  24. 1 Crônicas 5:24The heads of family of the half tribe of Manasseh — seven names described as valiant and famous men — close out the leadership picture of the eastern tribes before the chapter turns to the reason for their fall.
  25. 1 Crônicas 5:25Here comes the theological turning point of the chapter: these tribes abandon the God of their ancestors and take up worshiping the gods of the peoples God had destroyed to make room for them — the sin the next verse is already about to punish.
  26. 1 Crônicas 5:26The tribes on the east side of the Jordan — Reuben, Gad, and half of Manasseh — are the first of Israel to be carried away, by the Assyrians, decades before the fall of the southern kingdom. The text ties this directly to the religious unfaithfulness of these tribes, a pattern of cause and effect that Chronicles repeats several times throughout the book.

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