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1 Crônicas 27

BLIVRE · Chapter 27/29

1E os filhos de Israel segundo seu número, a saber, príncipes de famílias, comandantes, centuriões e oficiais dos que serviam ao rei em todos os negócios das divisões que entravam e saíam cada mês em todos os meses do ano, eram em cada divisão vinte e quatro mil.

2Sobre a primeira divisão do primeiro mês estava Jasobeão filho de Zabdiel; e havia em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

3Dos filhos de Perez foi ele chefe de todos os capitães das companhias do primeiro mês.

4Sobre a divisão do segundo mês estava Dodai aoíta: e Miclote era maior general em sua divisão, na que também havia vinte e quatro mil.

5O chefe da terceira divisão para o terceiro mês era Benaia, filho de Joiada sumo sacerdote; e em sua divisão havia vinte e quatro mil.

6Este Benaia era valente entre os trinta e sobre os trinta; e em sua divisão estava Amizabade seu filho.

7O quarto chefe para o quarto mês era Asael irmão de Joabe, e depois dele Zebadias seu filho; e em sua divisão havia vinte e quatro mil.

8O quinto chefe para o quinto mês era Samute izraíta: e em sua divisão havia vinte e quatro mil.

9O sexto para o sexto mês era Ira filho de Iques, de Tecoa; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

10O sétimo para o sétimo mês era Helez pelonita, dos filhos de Efraim; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

11O oitavo para o oitavo mês era Sibecai husatita, de Zerá; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

12O nono para o nono mês era Abiezer anatotita, dos benjamitas; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

13O décimo para o décimo mês era Maarai netofatita, de Zerá; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

14O décimo primeiro para o décimo primeiro mês era Benaia piratonita, dos filhos de Efraim; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

15O décimo segundo para o décimo segundo mês era Heldai netofatita, de Otniel; e em sua divisão vinte e quatro mil.

16Assim sobre as tribos de Israel: o chefe dos rubenitas era Eliézer filho de Zicri; dos simeonitas, Sefatias, filho de Maaca:

17Dos levitas, Hasabias filho de Quemuel; dos aronitas, Zadoque;

18De Judá, Eliú, um dos irmãos de Davi; dos de Issacar, Onri filho de Micael.

19Dos de Zebulom, Ismaías filho de Obadias; dos de Naftali, Jeremote filho de Azriel;

20Dos filhos de Efraim, Oseias filho de Azazias; da meia tribo de Manassés, Joel filho de Pedaías;

21De a outra meia tribo de Manassés em Gileade, Ido filho de Zacarias; dos de Benjamim, Jaasiel filho de Abner;

22E de Dã, Azarel filho de Jeroão. Estes foram os chefes das tribos de Israel.

23E não tomou Davi o número dos que eram de vinte anos abaixo, porquanto o SENHOR havia dito que ele havia de multiplicar a Israel como as estrelas do céu.

24Joabe filho de Zeruia havia começado a contar, mas não acabou, pois por isto veio a ira sobre Israel: e assim o número não foi posto no registro das crônicas do rei Davi.

25E Azmavete filho de Adiel tinha cargo dos tesouros do rei; e dos tesouros dos campos, e das cidades, e das aldeias e castelos, Jônatas filho de Uzia;

26E dos que trabalhavam na lavoura das terras, Ezri filho de Quelube;

27E das vinhas Simei ramatita; e do fruto das vinhas para as adegas, Zabdias sifmita;

28E dos olivais e figueirais que havia nas campinas, Baal-Hanã gederita; e dos armazéns do azeite, Joás;

29Das vacas que pastavam em Sarom, Sitrai saronita; e das vacas que estavam nos vales, Safate filho de Adlai;

30E dos camelos, Obil ismaelita; e das asnas, Jedias meronotita;

31E das ovelhas, Jaziz hagareno. Todos estes eram superintendentes da riqueza do rei Davi.

32E Jônatas, tio de Davi, era conselheiro, homem prudente e escriba; e Jeiel filho de Hacmoni estava com os filhos do rei.

33E também Aitofel era conselheiro do rei; e Husai arquita amigo do rei.

34Depois de Aitofel era Joiada filho de Benaia, e Abiatar. E Joabe era o general do exército do rei.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

The military commanders responsible for monthly divisions of 24,000 soldiers each are listed, along with the leaders of each of the twelve tribes of Israel, and the officials in charge of King David's personal properties and wealth.

Explanation

This chapter reveals an extremely organized military and administrative structure: instead of maintaining a huge, costly standing army, David organizes a rotating system in which different groups of 24,000 men served actively for only one month a year, allowing most of the time these people to continue working their own land and caring for their own families. The detailed list of officials for vineyards, olive groves, herds, and camels shows the extent of David's agricultural wealth and the need for specialized professional management for each type of resource. This level of administrative organization reflects the maturity of a kingdom that was no longer merely a tribal confederation, but a fully structured state.

Fun facts

  • The monthly military rotation system, with 288,000 soldiers in total divided into twelve groups of 24,000, allowed Israel to have access to a considerable military force without needing to maintain a full-time professional standing army.
  • The text explicitly mentions that the census of chapter 21 was never included in the kingdom's official chronicles, because of the wrath that episode brought upon Israel — showing how certain numbers were deliberately left out of the records for spiritual reasons.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 1 Crônicas 27:1The kingdom had a military rotation system: twenty-four thousand men a month, one month for each group, across the whole year. It worked something like a national reserve service, without requiring anyone to stay mobilized year-round.
  2. 1 Crônicas 27:2Jashobeam commands the first monthly division, the same warrior who killed three hundred men single-handedly back in chapter 11 — twenty-four thousand soldiers under his command for just the first month of the year.
  3. 1 Crônicas 27:3This Jashobeam comes from the line of Perez, within the tribe of Judah, and is described as chief of all the army’s captains for this first month of service.
  4. 1 Crônicas 27:4In the second month Dodai the Ahohite takes over, with Mikloth serving as something like his right hand within the same division of twenty-four thousand men.
  5. 1 Crônicas 27:5In the third month it is the turn of Benaiah, son of Jehoiada — the same hero who killed a lion in the snow and an Egyptian giant, now leading a whole month of military service.
  6. 1 Crônicas 27:6The text recalls that this Benaiah was one of the thirty elite warriors and even led that group — and the one who takes direct command of his division is his own son, Ammizabad.
  7. 1 Crônicas 27:7In the fourth month Asahel, Joab’s brother, leads — whose death, told in another book, explains why it is his son Zebadiah who ends up taking over command afterward.
  8. 1 Crônicas 27:8In the fifth month, the commander is Shamhuth the Izrahite — one more name that appears only here within this monthly military organization.
  9. 1 Crônicas 27:9In the sixth month Ira, son of Ikkesh, from Tekoa, takes over — the same warrior already listed among David’s thirty mighty men in chapter 11.
  10. 1 Crônicas 27:10In the seventh month Helez the Pelonite, of the tribe of Ephraim, leads — one more of the thirty warriors put to use again in this military rotation system.
  11. 1 Crônicas 27:11In the eighth month, the commander is Sibbecai, the same warrior who killed one of the giant descendants of Rapha back in chapter 20.
  12. 1 Crônicas 27:12In the ninth month Abiezer of Anathoth takes over — from the same Benjamite clan that, generations later, will produce the judge Gideon.
  13. 1 Crônicas 27:13In the tenth month Maharai of Netophah leads — another town that comes up repeatedly as the birthplace of David’s mighty warriors.
  14. 1 Crônicas 27:14In the eleventh month, the commander is Benaiah of Pirathon, of the tribe of Ephraim — a namesake of the famous lion-killer, but a different man.
  15. 1 Crônicas 27:15In the twelfth and final month Heldai of Netophah, a descendant of Othniel, takes over — the same Othniel who was Israel’s first judge after Joshua.
  16. 1 Crônicas 27:16Besides the army, David sets up a chief for every tribe: Eliezer for the Reubenites, Shephatiah for the Simeonites — a civil structure running parallel to the military one.
  17. 1 Crônicas 27:17Hashabiah leads the Levites, and Zadok, the priest already well known from the book, specifically leads the descendants of Aaron.
  18. 1 Crônicas 27:18Over Judah stands Elihu, one of David’s own brothers — leadership of the king’s own tribe stays within the family, though not with the king himself; over Issachar stands Omri.
  19. 1 Crônicas 27:19Ishmaiah leads Zebulun, and Jerimoth leads Naphtali — the scheme of one chief per tribe keeps covering the whole territory of Israel.
  20. 1 Crônicas 27:20Hoshea leads the Ephraimites, and Joel leads the western half of the tribe of Manasseh — each great tribal group gets its own civil leadership.
  21. 1 Crônicas 27:21Iddo leads the other half of Manasseh, on the east side of the Jordan, in Gilead; and over Benjamin stands Jaasiel, son of Abner — the same Abner who had been Saul’s own general, showing how the old rival house became integrated into David’s government.
  22. 1 Crônicas 27:22Azareel closes the list, leading the tribe of Dan — a final summary confirms that these were the captains appointed over the tribes of Israel.
  23. 1 Crônicas 27:23David avoids counting those under twenty years old, and the text recalls that Joab never finished that earlier census because of the wrath that fell on Israel — a direct callback to the episode in chapter 21, as if the chronicler wanted to make clear that the lesson of that mistake was not forgotten.
  24. 1 Crônicas 27:24The text returns to the episode in chapter 21: Joab did start that count of the people, but did not finish it because of the wrath that fell on Israel — and so that number never made it into the official records of David’s reign.
  25. 1 Crônicas 27:25Azmaveth cares for the king’s personal treasures, while Jehonathan cares for the treasures scattered across the cities, villages, and towers — a clear separation between the crown’s private property and public property.
  26. 1 Crônicas 27:26Ezri is put in charge of the field workers, overseeing the tilling of the ground — the kingdom’s farming economy also needed someone directly responsible.
  27. 1 Crônicas 27:27Shimei cares for the vineyards themselves, while Zabdi specifically cares for what goes into the wine cellars — two different posts for two different stages of production.
  28. 1 Crônicas 27:28Baal-hanan cares for the olive groves and fig trees, while Joash cares only for the oil stores — the same logic of separating production and storage now applied to olive oil.
  29. 1 Crônicas 27:29Shitrai cares for the herds grazing in Sharon, and Shaphat cares for the herds scattered through the valleys — management of the pasturelands split up by region.
  30. 1 Crônicas 27:30Obil, an Ishmaelite, cares for the king’s camels — a foreigner chosen precisely because his people were experts with this kind of desert animal; Jehdeiah cares for the donkeys.
  31. 1 Crônicas 27:31Jaziz, a Hagerite, cares for the small livestock — another foreigner recruited for specific expertise, closing out the list of managers over King David’s vast rural estate.
  32. 1 Crônicas 27:32Jonathan, David’s uncle, serves as counselor and scribe, a man of understanding; Jehiel is directly in charge of raising and keeping company with the king’s sons.
  33. 1 Crônicas 27:33Ahithophel is the king’s chief counselor — the same man whose advice, told in another book, will prove decisive, and tragic, during Absalom’s rebellion; Hushai is described simply as ‘the king’s companion,’ a title of personal trust.
  34. 1 Crônicas 27:34After Ahithophel, Jehoiada and Abiathar take over as counselors, but the one who stays in command of the army, from beginning to end of the book, is Joab — closing out the complete organizational chart of David’s reign.

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