Oséias 4

ARC · Chapter 4/14

1Ouvi a palavra do Senhor, vós, filhos de Israel, porque o Senhor tem uma contenda com os habitantes da terra, porque não ha verdade, nem benignidade, nem conhecimento de Deus na terra.

2Mas o perjurar, e o mentir, e o matar, e o furtar, e o adulterar, prevalecem, e os homicidios se tocaram com homicidios.

3Por isso a terra se lamentará, e qualquer que morar n'ella desfallecerá, com os animaes do campo e com as aves do céu; e até os peixes do mar serão tirados.

4Porém ninguem contenda, nem reprehenda a alguem, porque o teu povo é como os que contendem com o sacerdote.

5Por isso cairás de dia, e o propheta comtigo cairá de noite, e destruirei a tua mãe.

6O meu povo foi destruido, porque lhe faltou o conhecimento: porque tu rejeitaste o conhecimento, tambem eu te rejeitarei, para que não sejas sacerdote diante de mim; e, visto que te esqueceste da lei do teu Deus, tambem eu me esquecerei de teus filhos.

7Assim como elles se multiplicaram, assim contra mim peccaram: eu mudarei a sua honra em vergonha.

8Comem do peccado do meu povo, e da sua maldade d'elle teem desejo ardente.

9Portanto, como o povo, assim será o sacerdote; e visitarei sobre elle os seus caminhos, e lhe recompensarei as suas obras.

10Comerão, mas não se fartarão; fornicarão, mas não se multiplicarão; porque deixaram de olhar para o Senhor.

11A fornicação, e o vinho, e o mosto tiram o coração.

12O meu povo consulta a sua madeira, e a sua vara lhe responde, porque o espirito de fornicações os engana, e fornicam, apartando-se da sujeição do seu Deus.

13Sacrificam sobre os cumes dos montes, e queimam incenso sobre os outeiros, debaixo do carvalho, e do alamo, e do olmeiro, porque é boa a sua sombra: por isso vossas filhas fornicam, e as vossas noras adulteram.

14Porventura não visitarei sobre vossas filhas, que fornicam, nem sobre vossas noras, que adulteram, porque elles mesmos com as prostitutas se desviam, e com as meretrizes sacrificam; pois o povo que não tem entendimento será transtornado.

15Se tu, ó Israel, queres fornicar, ao menos não se faça culpado Judah: não venhaes a Gilgal, e não subaes a Beth-aven, e não jureis, dizendo: Vive o Senhor.

16Porque como uma vacca rebelde se rebellou Israel: agora o Senhor os apascentará como a um cordeiro n'um logar espaçoso.

17Ephraim é dado a idolos; deixa-o.

18A sua bebida se foi: fornicando, fornicam; certamente amaram a vergonha os seus principes.

19Um vento os atou nas suas azas, e envergonhar-se-hão por causa dos seus sacrificios.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

God opens a legal case against Israel for lack of the knowledge of God, lying, stealing, and widespread adultery, blaming the priests in particular for failing to teach the law.

Explanation

The chapter reads like a formal accusation, in courtroom style: 'the Lord hath a controversy with the inhabitants of the land.' The root of the problem is not only moral but a matter of knowledge — the people do not know God because the priests, responsible for teaching the law, failed at it. As a result, the entire society became corrupt, from the people to the religious leaders. Sacrifices were offered on hilltops and under trees, mixing worship of God with Canaanite fertility practices. Today's lesson is that a society's moral decay almost always begins with the abandonment of sound, faithful teaching of the Word of God.

Fun facts

  • The phrase 'my people are destroyed for lack of knowledge' (v.6) is one of the most quoted in the book, still used today to emphasize the importance of Bible study.
  • The worship 'under oaks and poplars and elms' (v.13) followed fertility practices copied from the Canaanites, who believed that large trees were dwelling places of deities.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. Oséias 4:1"Controversy" is courtroom language: God is prosecuting the people the way one opens a legal case, and the list that follows lays out the charges.
  2. Oséias 4:2The list of crimes overrunning society — perjury, lying, murder, theft, adultery — details the charges in the case God opened against the people in the previous verse.
  3. Oséias 4:3A consequence that spreads from society into nature: even the animals of the field, the birds, and the fish of the sea suffer and disappear because of human sin.
  4. Oséias 4:4No one should complain or rebuke, because the people have reached the point of arguing even with the priest himself — religious authority is no longer respected.
  5. Oséias 4:5Both the priest and the prophet (here likely a false prophet) will fall, by day and by night; and "thy mother" — the whole nation — will be destroyed along with them.
  6. Oséias 4:6"My people are destroyed for lack of knowledge" refers to knowledge of God and the law, not general education — and the priests, who should have taught this, are the main culprits named right after.
  7. Oséias 4:7The more the priests grew in number and power, the more they sinned against God — so He will exchange their glory for shame.
  8. Oséias 4:8The priests profited from the people's sin offerings, and so, in practice, they wanted the people to keep sinning — corruption turned into a source of income.
  9. Oséias 4:9Priest and people will receive the same treatment at judgment: God will hold each one accountable for their own ways and actions.
  10. Oséias 4:10Even eating, they will not be satisfied; even performing fertility rituals, they will not multiply — the hunger, both physical and spiritual, comes from having abandoned the Lord.
  11. Oséias 4:11The pleasures of idolatry — ritual sex and excessive drinking — are described here as things that "take away the heart," that is, they rob the people of discernment.
  12. Oséias 4:12The people practice divination with pieces of wood, as if a stick could answer questions — deceived by the "spirit of whoredoms," the idolatry that dominates their hearts.
  13. Oséias 4:13Sacrificing under oaks and poplars on the hills was a practice of Canaanite fertility cults, tied to sexual rituals; that is why the text links this kind of worship directly to the prostitution of the people's daughters.
  14. Oséias 4:14God clarifies that He will not punish only the women who practice these cults, because the men themselves also stray with cult prostitutes — the guilt is shared by all.
  15. Oséias 4:15Gilgal and Beth-aven were pilgrimage sites that became centers of idolatry; "Beth-aven" ("house of wickedness") is a mocking nickname for Bethel ("house of God"), the city that housed one of the golden calves.
  16. Oséias 4:16The image of a stubborn heifer describes Israel's rebelliousness; even so, the verse leaves an unexpected note of care, comparing the future treatment to a lamb in a wide pasture.
  17. Oséias 4:17Ephraim (another name for Israel) is so given over to idols that God simply says to "let him alone" — divine abandonment as the consequence of repeated stubbornness.
  18. Oséias 4:18Even the leaders ("princes") of the people shamelessly prefer "shame," that is, idolatry, over faithfulness to the Lord.
  19. Oséias 4:19The image of a wind carrying the people away (the approaching exile), and the shame they will feel will come because of the very sacrifices they made to idols.

Chapters

Our apps

Our apps →

Bible in Stories

The Bible told as a story, with audio and videos.

📱 Get the app

World in Stories

True stories of humanity that sound made up.

Feito! Pequenas Vitórias

A light daily routine for people who lose track of the day.