2 Kings 13

KJV · Chapter 13/25

1In the three and twentieth year of Joash the son of Ahaziah king of Judah Jehoahaz the son of Jehu began to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned seventeen years.

2And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord, and followed the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, which made Israel to sin; he departed not therefrom.

3And the anger of the Lord was kindled against Israel, and he delivered them into the hand of Hazael king of Syria, and into the hand of Ben–hadad the son of Hazael, all their days.

4And Jehoahaz besought the Lord, and the Lord hearkened unto him: for he saw the oppression of Israel, because the king of Syria oppressed them.

5(And the Lord gave Israel a saviour, so that they went out from under the hand of the Syrians: and the children of Israel dwelt in their tents, as beforetime.

6Nevertheless they departed not from the sins of the house of Jeroboam, who made Israel sin, but walked therein: and there remained the grove also in Samaria.)

7Neither did he leave of the people to Jehoahaz but fifty horsemen, and ten chariots, and ten thousand footmen; for the king of Syria had destroyed them, and had made them like the dust by threshing.

8Now the rest of the acts of Jehoahaz, and all that he did, and his might, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

9And Jehoahaz slept with his fathers; and they buried him in Samaria: and Joash his son reigned in his stead.

10In the thirty and seventh year of Joash king of Judah began Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz to reign over Israel in Samaria, and reigned sixteen years.

11And he did that which was evil in the sight of the Lord; he departed not from all the sins of Jeroboam the son of Nebat, who made Israel sin: but he walked therein.

12And the rest of the acts of Joash, and all that he did, and his might wherewith he fought against Amaziah king of Judah, are they not written in the book of the chronicles of the kings of Israel?

13And Joash slept with his fathers; and Jeroboam sat upon his throne: and Joash was buried in Samaria with the kings of Israel.

14Now Elisha was fallen sick of his sickness whereof he died. And Joash the king of Israel came down unto him, and wept over his face, and said, O my father, my father, the chariot of Israel, and the horsemen thereof.

15And Elisha said unto him, Take bow and arrows. And he took unto him bow and arrows.

16And he said to the king of Israel, Put thine hand upon the bow. And he put his hand upon it: and Elisha put his hands upon the king’s hands.

17And he said, Open the window eastward. And he opened it. Then Elisha said, Shoot. And he shot. And he said, The arrow of the Lord’s deliverance, and the arrow of deliverance from Syria: for thou shalt smite the Syrians in Aphek, till thou have consumed them.

18And he said, Take the arrows. And he took them. And he said unto the king of Israel, Smite upon the ground. And he smote thrice, and stayed.

19And the man of God was wroth with him, and said, Thou shouldest have smitten five or six times; then hadst thou smitten Syria till thou hadst consumed it: whereas now thou shalt smite Syria but thrice.

20And Elisha died, and they buried him. And the bands of the Moabites invaded the land at the coming in of the year.

21And it came to pass, as they were burying a man, that, behold, they spied a band of men; and they cast the man into the sepulchre of Elisha: and when the man was let down, and touched the bones of Elisha, he revived, and stood up on his feet.

22But Hazael king of Syria oppressed Israel all the days of Jehoahaz.

23And the Lord was gracious unto them, and had compassion on them, and had respect unto them, because of his covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and would not destroy them, neither cast he them from his presence as yet.

24So Hazael king of Syria died; and Ben–hadad his son reigned in his stead.

25And Jehoash the son of Jehoahaz took again out of the hand of Ben–hadad the son of Hazael the cities, which he had taken out of the hand of Jehoahaz his father by war. Three times did Joash beat him, and recovered the cities of Israel.

📖 Chapter study

Summary

Jehoahaz and then Jehoash reign in Israel under constant Syrian oppression. Elisha, now old and near death, gives Jehoash one last symbolic prophecy about limited victories over Syria. Even after his death, Elisha's bones raise a man to life when he accidentally touches them.

Explanation

This chapter shows Elisha's prophetic power extending literally beyond his own death, an extraordinary sign that reinforces his standing as one of the greatest prophets of the Old Testament. Elisha's rebuke of Jehoash for striking the ground with the arrows only three times (instead of more) teaches an important lesson about limited faith: God was willing to give more victories than the king had faith to ask for, a principle that applies far beyond this specific military context.

Fun facts

  • The act of 'striking the arrows on the ground' was a symbolic prophetic war rite, similar to other dramatized prophetic gestures seen throughout the books of Kings, physically representing future victories through a present action.
  • The resurrection through contact with Elisha's bones is the only recorded post-death miracle attributed to a prophet in the Old Testament, and Christian commentators cite it as a symbolic parallel to the power of resurrection associated with Jesus.

Verse-by-verse explanation

  1. 2 Kings 13:1Jehoahaz, son of Jehu, begins to reign over Israel (northern kingdom) in the twenty-third year of Joash of Judah (south), and reigns seventeen years.
  2. 2 Kings 13:2Jehoahaz also does what is evil, carrying on the sin of the golden calves set up by Jeroboam, the pattern repeated in nearly every king of the north.
  3. 2 Kings 13:3Even though Jehoahaz is described as a king who did what was evil, he still cries out to God at the height of the Syrian oppression and receives relief. It's a reminder that, in the book of Kings, divine help doesn't always depend solely on the religious merit of the king who prays.
  4. 2 Kings 13:4Jehoahaz pleads with the Lord because of the Syrian oppression over Israel (north), and the Lord hears the request, seeing the people's suffering.
  5. 2 Kings 13:5The Lord provides a deliverer, and Israel (north) manages to escape Syrian domination, going back to living normally as before.
  6. 2 Kings 13:6Even relieved of the Syrian oppression, the Israelites don't abandon the sin of the house of Jeroboam; the Asherah pole even remains standing in Samaria.
  7. 2 Kings 13:7Syria had reduced Jehoahaz's army to almost nothing: only fifty horsemen, ten chariots, and ten thousand foot soldiers, crushed like dust.
  8. 2 Kings 13:8The closing formula points to the chronicles of the kings of Israel (northern kingdom) for the rest of Jehoahaz's deeds.
  9. 2 Kings 13:9Jehoahaz dies and is buried in Samaria; his son Jehoash takes the throne of Israel (north) in his place.
  10. 2 Kings 13:10Jehoash begins to reign over Israel (north) in the thirty-seventh year of Joash of Judah (south), and reigns sixteen years.
  11. 2 Kings 13:11Jehoash also does what is evil, never turning away from any of the sins of Jeroboam.
  12. 2 Kings 13:12The closing formula mentions Jehoash's war against Amaziah, king of Judah (south) — a conflict detailed in the next chapter.
  13. 2 Kings 13:13Jehoash dies and is buried in Samaria among the kings of Israel (north); Jeroboam, his son, takes the throne after him.
  14. 2 Kings 13:14The gesture of striking the arrows on the ground was a symbolic prophetic act: each strike represented a future victory over Syria. The king strikes only three times out of a lack of enthusiasm, and Elisha grows angry because it limits the scope of the victory he could have had.
  15. 2 Kings 13:15Now near the end of his life, Elisha tells King Jehoash to get a bow and arrows, preparing one last prophetic gesture.
  16. 2 Kings 13:16Elisha puts his own hands over the king's hands on the bow — a symbolic gesture of transferring blessing and power into the shot that follows.
  17. 2 Kings 13:17Elisha tells the king to open the window toward the east and shoot, declaring this arrow a sign of the Lord's victory over Syria at Aphek.
  18. 2 Kings 13:18Elisha tells the king to strike the arrows against the ground; he strikes only three times and stops, not knowing the number mattered.
  19. 2 Kings 13:19Elisha grows angry with the king for stopping too soon: if he had struck five or six times, he would have defeated Syria completely; now he will only win three times.
  20. 2 Kings 13:20Even after being buried, Elisha's body still carries a power associated with the prophet. A corpse hastily thrown into the same tomb, on touching his bones, comes back to life, a posthumous miracle that closes out the two prophets' story with one last spectacular sign.
  21. 2 Kings 13:21A group burying a man sees raiders approaching and hastily throws the body into Elisha's tomb; on touching the prophet's bones, the dead man comes back to life.
  22. 2 Kings 13:22Hazael, king of Syria, oppresses Israel (north) throughout the whole reign of Jehoash.
  23. 2 Kings 13:23Even so, the Lord has mercy on Israel because of the ancient covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, unwilling to destroy them or cast them off completely.
  24. 2 Kings 13:24Hazael, king of Syria, dies, and his son Ben-hadad takes the Syrian throne in his place.
  25. 2 Kings 13:25Jehoash recovers the cities lost to Syria, but only to a limited extent, echoing Elisha's warning about the arrows struck only three times on the ground. The victory comes, but incomplete, exactly as the prophet had warned.

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